A Determination of the Optimal Level of Collaboration between a Contractor and Its Suppliers under Demand Uncertainty

2010 ◽  
pp. 121-144
Keyword(s):  
Demand Uncertainty ◽  
Optimal Level

scholarly journals Developing an Automatic Color Determination Procedure for the Quality Assessment of Mangos (Mangifera indica) Using a CCD Camera and Color Standards

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1709
Author(s):  
Khanitta Ratprakhon ◽  
Werner Neubauer ◽  
Katharina Riehn ◽  
Jan Fritsche ◽  
Sascha Rohn
Keyword(s):  
Vision System ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Color Space ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Blue Color ◽  
Color Code ◽  
Color Determination

Color is one of the key sensory characteristics in the evaluation of the quality of mangos (Mangifera indica) especially with regard to determining the optimal level of ripeness. However, an objective color determination of entire fruits can be a challenging task. Conventional evaluation methods such as colorimetric or spectrophotometric procedures are primarily limited to a homogenous distribution of the color. Accordingly, a direct assessment of the mango quality with regard to color requires more pronounced color determination procedures. In this study, the color of the peel and the pulp of the mango cultivars “Nam Dokmai”, “Mahachanok”, and “Kent” was evaluated and categorized into various levels of ripeness using a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera in combination with a computer vision system and color standards. The color evaluation process is based on a transformation of the RGB (red, green, and blue) color space values into the HSI (hue, saturation, and intensity) color system and the Natural Color Standard (NCS). The results showed that for pulp color codes, 0560-Y20R and 0560-Y40R can be used as appropriate indicators for the ripeness of the cultivars “Nam Dokmai” and “Mahachanok”. The peels of these two mango cultivars present two distinct colors (1050-Y40R and 1060-Y40R), which can be used to determine the fruit maturity during the post-ripening process. However, in the case of the cultivar “Kent”, peel color detection was not an applicable approach for determining ripeness; thus, the determination of the pulp color with the color code 0550-Y20R gave promising results.

Determination of the Optimal Level of Water Releases from a Reservoir to Control Water Quality

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 04015017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Amirkani ◽  
Omid Bozorg Haddad ◽  
Parisa-Sadat Ashofteh ◽  
Hugo A. Loáiciga
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Control Water

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF ACCEPTABLE RISK PARAMETERS FOR MATERIAL COSTS TO ENSURE THE QUALITY OF ENGINEERING PRODUCTS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Vaganov ◽  
◽  
V.P. Dimitrov ◽  
I.A. Zaytseva ◽  
N.M. Kharakhashyan
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Management Theory ◽  
Acceptable Risk ◽  
Analog Method ◽  
Set Optimization Problem ◽  
Material Costs ◽  
Risk Parameters

The article presents the results of research on analog methods of risk assessment. One of the variants of these methods has been developed as a tool for practical forecasting of the optimal level of material costs to ensure a given product quality. The theoretical basis for solving this problem was the provisions of the risk management theory of technical systems. The analog method of solving the set optimization problem presented in this paper confirms the principle possibility of predicting the level of acceptable risk of material costs for organizational and technical perfection of production, taking into account consumer requirements for its quality indicators.

Determination of amputation level in ischaemic limbs using tcPO2 measurement

VASA ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poredos ◽  
Rakovec ◽  
Guzic-Salobir
Keyword(s):  
Threshold Value ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Amputation Level ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Below The Knee ◽  
Healing Wound ◽  
Primary Healing

Background: Determination of the optimal amputation level is essential for patients, morbidity and rehabilitation. Various non-invasive procedures have been proposed to determine the optimal level of amputation. There is no consensus on the minimal tcPO2 level that is required to predict the healing of the stump. Therefore we aimed to rank the probability of primary wound healing at the most distal level and to answer the question if there is a lower limit of tcPO2 below which healing cannot occur. Patients and methods: 56 consecutive patients undergoing amputation below the knee for ischaemic gangrene of limbs were prospectively enrolled in the study. 39 were men (18 of whom were diabetics) and 17 women (8 diabetics) whose ages ranged from 45 to 87 years (mean 73 years). The total of 71 amputations was performed on the 56 patients: 39 below-knee with primary healing and, in 16 patients the above-knee reamputation was performed, due to the non-healing wound on the below-knee stump. The level of the amputation (below or above the knee) was in all cases decided solely on clinical grounds. TcPO2 was measured on each patient prior to amputation, on the dorsum of the foot and 10 cm below the knee. Results: The median tcPO2 value on the dorsum of the foot of diseased legs before amputation was 12 mm Hg (range from 0 to 22 mm Hg). At the anticipated level of the amputation of the shank, the median value of tcPO2 was 28 mm Hg (8–56 mm Hg). Patients with primary healing of postoperative wounds had significantly higher values of tcPO2 than patients with failure to heal (37mm Hg; range15–56mm Hg vs.18 mm Hg; range 8–36 mm Hg, p < 0.01). The success rate increased with higher tcPO2 values at the level of amputation. The 15% prevalence of reamputations was obtained for tcPO2 values between 25 and 36 mm Hg (median value 33 mm Hg) and the threshold value of tcPO2 below which the stump failed to heal was 15 mm Hg. Conclusions: Our study showed that tcPO2 is a reliable indicator of local ischemia. The integration of this parameter with other personal clinical criteria may be a valuable help to the surgeon in decision making.

scholarly journals Determination of Air-cargo Flights Frequency at Local Airport under the Demand Uncertainty

2001 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 713-720
Author(s):  
Tomoki ISHIKURA ◽  
Yuji SATO ◽  
Hajime INAMURA
Keyword(s):  
Demand Uncertainty ◽  
Air Cargo

Diagnosis of the Optimum Location of the Police Vehicle Central Console — Oculometric Tests

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Piotr Łuka ◽  
Andrzej Urban
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Optimal Location ◽  
Police Academy ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
Research Consortium ◽  
Police Vehicles

In the publication, the authors refer to the study carried out as a part of the research project: “Classification of the Police vehicles according to their destination, taking into account their purpose and standardization of the vehicle central console, in the field of arrangement and installation of ICT systems and the devices controlling special purpose signals”, implemented by a scientific consortium, funded by the National Centre for Research and Development. The described research involved the determination of the optimal location for the central console of the Police service vehicle. The first part of the publication contains partial results of the questionnaire surveys that were carried out among the users of Police vehicles. The second part discusses the research carried out with the participation of the Police officers driving the vehicles. The simulator was used to test vehicles in typical and extreme conditions, located at the Police Academy in Szczytno. The research consisted in the use of an oculometer, installed in the simulator. Conclusions from the conducted research allowed to propose an optimal location of the vehicle central console. The indicated location in the assessment of the research team allows to minimize the risk of the occurrence of hazards, related to the need to take the business vehicle away from the road, and is therefore appropriate to ensure the optimal level of safety for the driver and other road users. The results of the research carried out, after their confrontation with the results of the study conducted by other participants of the research consortium, will allow to propose a solution that can significantly improve safety, ergonomics and comfort of official duties performed by the drivers of the serivice vehicles.

Determination of Optimal Level of Lactitol for Surimi

1991 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. SYCH ◽  
C. LACROIX ◽  
M. CARRIER
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Level

scholarly journals The business competitiveness of SMEs through mathematical modeling

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (32) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Carlos Ramiro Cepeda Godoy ◽  
Andrés Joao Noguera Cundar ◽  
Mónica Alexandra Moreno Barriga ◽  
Nelson Santiago Chuquin Vasco ◽  
Patricio Villagomez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Specific Production ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Optimal Production ◽  
Application Model ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
Business Competitiveness

The objective of this research is to propose a functional application model for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), with the purpose of determining the optimal production preferences of your specific production system. The problematic that originates this research is the methodology of projection of the costs that practice this type of companies in the market ―which departs from a process of determination of the optimum batch of production―, which are based on models of mathematical determination. The applied methodology is of an analytical nature of a transversal type, the factorial study allows the application of descriptive statistics and the development of equations that determine variables of study of the ex ante model. The result of the research consists in the application to a scenario that represents the optimal level of transport costs of the SMEs products which interact in the market. It is concluded that mathematically it is possible use variables for determining the productivity and level of competitiveness.

scholarly journals Experience and scientific research to substantiate the performance of work in construction

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
I. E. Shatrova ◽  
E. A. Demidova
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Housing Construction ◽  
Construction Work ◽  
Actual Duration ◽  
Probabilistic Nature

The article provides an analysis of the timeliness of work in construction and experience and research to justify the duration of work in construction. Experience shows that in construction, including housing construction, there is a significant deviation of the actual duration of work from the projected one, which leads to untimely commissioning of residential buildings. Increasing the reliability of justifying the duration of work in construction in conditions of the probabilistic nature of construction production, as experience and research shows, can be carried out on the basis of time reservation to compensate for the negative impact of the micro- and macroenvironment. At the same time, as experience shows, the determination of the duration of construction and installation works, in most cases, is carried out using deterministic methods focused on the use of established standards without taking into account the influence of random factors due to the probabilistic nature of construction production. Other methods, which in one way or another take into account the probabilistic nature of construction production, do not provide an opportunity, when justifying the duration of housing construction work, to determine the optimal level of time reservation required to eliminate the consequences of a negative impact on the progress of work from a large number of random factors. Thus, the development of a scientifically based methodological basis for optimizing the duration of housing construction and a market economy is an urgent problem of scientific and practical importance. Determination of the optimal duration of housing construction work is based on theoretical and methodological systemic principles, which make it possible to determine the optimal level of time reservation and study its dependence on individual organizational and technological factors, taking into account the specifics of construction production and the conditions of a market economy.

scholarly journals The influence of aluminum on the formation of the hardening phase in magnesium alloys

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
V. Shalomeev ◽  
О. Lukianenko
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Intermetallic Phase ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Cast Metal ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose. Study of the effect of alloying with aluminum on structure formation, mechanical properties and heat resistance of magnesium alloys Research methods. Methods of metallographic and micro X-ray spectral analysis. Determination of mechanical properties and heat resistance. Results. The regularities of the influence of alloying with aluminum on the formation of the hardening phase in magnesium alloys have been investigated. It is shown that an increase in the concentration of aluminum in  magnesium alloy promotes refinement of the macro- and microstructure of the metal (reduces the grain size and the distance between the second-order dendritic axes) and also increases the amount of intermetallic phase. The positive effect of aluminum additives on the mechanical properties and heat resistance of cast metal has been established. The optimal level of alloying with aluminum (about 7,7 %) hes been determined, which ensures a sufficient level of mechanical properties and heat resistence. Scientific novelty. Based on the regression analysis of the experimental data, empirical equations were obtained that describe the dependences of the size of macro- and micrograins on the concentration of aluminum in magnesium alloys. It is shown that the optimal aluminum content in the magnesium alloy in the amount of ~ 7,7 % provides the best combination of mechanical properties (a sufficiently high strength and the highest plasticity) and heat resistance Practical value. It has been established that alloying magnesium alloys with aluminum is promising for improving the structure and increasing the mechanical properties and heat resistance of cast metal. This effect makes it possible to significantly expand the field of application of magnesium alloys in mechanical engineering and improve the performance of various equipment.

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