Diagnosis of the Optimum Location of the Police Vehicle Central Console — Oculometric Tests

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Piotr Łuka ◽  
Andrzej Urban
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Optimal Location ◽  
Police Academy ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
Research Consortium ◽  
Police Vehicles

In the publication, the authors refer to the study carried out as a part of the research project: “Classification of the Police vehicles according to their destination, taking into account their purpose and standardization of the vehicle central console, in the field of arrangement and installation of ICT systems and the devices controlling special purpose signals”, implemented by a scientific consortium, funded by the National Centre for Research and Development. The described research involved the determination of the optimal location for the central console of the Police service vehicle. The first part of the publication contains partial results of the questionnaire surveys that were carried out among the users of Police vehicles. The second part discusses the research carried out with the participation of the Police officers driving the vehicles. The simulator was used to test vehicles in typical and extreme conditions, located at the Police Academy in Szczytno. The research consisted in the use of an oculometer, installed in the simulator. Conclusions from the conducted research allowed to propose an optimal location of the vehicle central console. The indicated location in the assessment of the research team allows to minimize the risk of the occurrence of hazards, related to the need to take the business vehicle away from the road, and is therefore appropriate to ensure the optimal level of safety for the driver and other road users. The results of the research carried out, after their confrontation with the results of the study conducted by other participants of the research consortium, will allow to propose a solution that can significantly improve safety, ergonomics and comfort of official duties performed by the drivers of the serivice vehicles.

scholarly journals Modeling the Complexity of Road Accidents Prevention

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-41
Author(s):  
Alex Kizito ◽  
Agnes Rwashana Semwanga
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Dynamic Interactions ◽  
The Road ◽  
Dynamic Synthesis ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Synthesis Methodology

Simplistic representations of traffic safety disregard the dynamic interactions between the components of the road transport system (RTS). The resultant road accident (RA) preventive measures are consequently focused almost solely on individual/team failures at the sharp end of the RTS (mainly the road users). The RTS is complex and therefore cannot be easily understood by studying the system parts in isolation. The study modeled the occurrence of road accidents in Uganda using the dynamic synthesis methodology (DSM). This article presents the work done in the first three stages of the DSM. Data was collected from various stakeholders including road users, traffic police officers, road users, and road constructors. The study focused on RA prevention by considering the linear and non-linear interactions of the variables during the pre-crash phase. Qualitative models were developed and from these, key leverage points that could possibly lower the road accident incidences demonstrating the need for a shared system wide responsibility for road safety at all levels are suggested.

scholarly journals The use of road weather information system data for the forecasts of climatic conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Alfredas Laurinavičius ◽  
Lina Bertulienė ◽  
Arina Minkevič
Keyword(s):  
Winter Season ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Road Maintenance ◽  
The Road ◽  
Weather Information ◽  
Road Users ◽  
System Data ◽  
Selection Of

The article studies possibility by using the data of the Road Weather Information Systems to forecast the beginning of precipitation on the roads maintained by the state road maintenance enterprises. The article discusses the importance of forecasts both to the road users as well as road maintenance enterprises, especially in a cold period of the year. The hazards caused by meteorological phenomena specific of winter season are presented. Research methodology is described which is based on the speed of movement of clouds carrying precipitation. To calculate speed the theoretical background is given assisting in selection of certain parameters for the determination of this value. Knowing the speed of movement of clouds the forecasts have been made. Results of the forecasts are compared to the real parameters and it is determined in what radius the forecasts are advisable to be made.

PERANAN POLISI LALU LINTAS DALAM PENINGKATAN DISIPLIN BERLALU LINTAS DI WILAYAH HUKUM POLRES BOGOR

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-126
Author(s):  
Dedik Saputra ◽  
Komari A.M. ◽  
J. Jopie Gilalo
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Kindergarten Children ◽  
Taxi Driver ◽  
Traffic Police ◽  
The Road ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Traffic Policeman

This study aims to determine the role of traffic police know the increase in traffic discipline and to know the police efforts to improve traffic discipline. The writing is done using the method of juridical sociological approach, the court concluded that the data obtained from an answer. This type of research used in the study of law is that legal research is descriptive. The results obtained that the role of the police carrying out of order and law enforcement in the field of traffic is by doing the demolition of highway users. The role of traffic police in improving the discipline and enforcement of traffic laws in Police Jurisdiction Police Bogor by the dissemination of traffic rules. The area is usually only seen one or two officers, more visible police officers assisted school children (MCC), Police Friends of Children (PSA), Satpol PP, Transportation Agency, the military and others. As a result the location of the normally chaotic start neat. Public transportation that generally take the path carelessly began to follow the sign that rules have been determined, including stops behind the road markings. Socialization is aimed at people. With the hope of growing awareness of the importance of order and lintas.Tak than mere appeals, undisciplined road users will be immediately ticketed. Range of efforts made to suppress the Bogor Police traffic policeman level of traffic violations is put tape shock, making the road median, make a zebra crossing, putting personnel at vulnerable places, and patrolling the road. When road users do not comply with rules set then the action will be penalized with a verbal reprimand and prosecution by giving a speeding ticket. Bogor Police traffic policeman in reducing offenses involving police discipline is the Friends of Children (PSA) for kindergarten children, coaching on a motorcycle taxi driver, extension to the applicant's driver's license, do some police operations.

scholarly journals ANALISIS GARIS SEMPADAN BANGUNAN (STUDI KASUS JALAN RAYA PAJAJARAN KOTA BOGOR)

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Lucky Viasari ◽  
Prima Jiwa Osly
Keyword(s):  
Outer Boundary ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
City Center ◽  
Local Regulation ◽  
Existing Building ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
The Face ◽  
The City

The development of the economic growth in Bogor increasing bring an impact for fulfillment will land and buildings in order to meet the activity of urban especially on highway Pajajaran Bogor which is found in the city center that will affect the spatial plans at every building and cause nonconformity border lines building particularly in the face of a building with local regulation applicable. Besides reducing aesthetic, it could also disrupt and endanger road users who will pass. This research is to analysis of border lines on buildings bylaws are being enacted. Data processing was done using software to ease in building determination of the limits of any buildings and the outer boundary of the road where next will be used to calculate long border lines building in every existing building and analyzed with local regulation applicable. The final result obtained that all building at case studies not according to rule regional government where the average building that violate is 14 % or by ± 16 yards from the middle of the road. Judging from the number of offense the authors provide recommendations that the existing changes in existing Regional Regulations in accordance with applicable policies.  

“Laying Hands” and Learning to Touch and Grab in the Police Academy

2019 ◽  
pp. 446-468
Author(s):  
Brian Lande
Keyword(s):  
Police Officer ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Gain Control ◽  
Police Force ◽  
Police Culture ◽  
Police Academy ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Police Recruits ◽  
Hands On

Research on the formation of police officers generally focuses on the beliefs, accounts, and categories that recruits must master. Becoming a police officer, however, is not simply a matter of acquiring new attitudes and beliefs. This article attends to an unexplored side of police culture—the sensorial and tactile education that recruits undergo at the police academy. Rubenstein wrote in 1973 that a police officer’s first tool is his or her body. This article examines the formation of the police body by examining how police recruits learn to use their hands as instruments of control. In police vernacular, this means learning to “lay hands” (a term borrowed from Pentecostal traditions) or going “hands on.” This chapter focuses on two means of using the hands: searching and defensive tactics. It describes how instructors teach recruits to use their hands for touching, manipulating, and grabbing the clothing and flesh of others to sense weapons and contraband. It also examines how recruits are taught to grab, manipulate, twist, and strike others in order to gain control of “unruly” bodies. It concludes by discussing the implications of “touching like a cop” for understanding membership in the police force.

scholarly journals Public Roads as Places of Interspecies Conflict: A Study of Horse-Human Interactions on UK Roads and Impacts on Equine Exercise

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1072
Author(s):  
Danica Pollard ◽  
Tamzin Furtado
Keyword(s):  
Near Miss ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Near Misses ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Emotional Management ◽  
The Road ◽  
Human Interactions ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Conflict Risk ◽  
The Individual

Real or perceived traffic risk is a significant barrier to walking and cycling. To understand whether similar barriers influence equestrians, this study obtained exercise behaviours, road use and experiences of road-related incidents from UK equestrians (n = 6390) via an online questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with road use and experiencing a near-miss or injury-causing incident in the previous year. Content analysis identified themes around equestrians’ decisions not to use roads. Our results show that most equestrians (84%) use roads at least once weekly, and in the previous year, 67.7% had a near-miss and 6.1% an injury-causing incident. Road use differs regionally, with exercise type and off-road route availability. Road-using equestrians covered greater daily distances and were younger. However, younger equestrians were at higher risk of near-misses. Respondents’ decisions not to use roads were based on individualised risk assessments arising from: the road itself, perceptions of other road users, the individual horse and the handler’s own emotional management. Roads were perceived as extremely dangerous places with potentially high conflict risk. Injury-causing incidents were associated with increasing road-use anxiety or ceasing to use roads, the proximity of off-road routes, having a near-miss and type of road use. Targeted road-safety campaigns and improved off-road access would create safer equestrian spaces.

Theoretical progress in the H2+ molecular ion: towards electron to proton mass ratio determinationThis paper was presented at the International Conference on Precision Physics of Simple Atomic Systems, held at École de Physique, les Houches, France, 30 May – 4 June, 2010.

2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-Ph. Karr ◽  
L. Hilico ◽  
V. I. Korobov
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Theoretical Determination ◽  
Atomic Systems ◽  
The Road ◽  
Theoretical Progress ◽  
Proton Mass ◽  
Accuracy Level ◽  
Ratio Determination

High resolution ro-vibrational spectroscopy of H 2+ or HD+ can lead to a significantly improved determination of the electron to proton mass ratio me/mp if the theoretical determination of transition frequencies becomes sufficiently accurate. We report on recent theoretical progress in the description of the hyperfine structure of H 2+ , as well as first steps in the evaluation of radiative corrections at order mα7. Completion of the latter calculation should allow us to reach the projected 10−10 accuracy level and open the road to mass ratio determination.

scholarly journals Road Networks Winter Risk Estimation Using On-Board Uncooled Infrared Camera for Surface Temperature Measurements over Two Lanes

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Marchetti ◽  
M. Moutton ◽  
S. Ludwig ◽  
L. Ibos ◽  
V. Feuillet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Risk Estimation ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Road Networks ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Atmospheric Parameters ◽  
The Road ◽  
Measurement Rate

Thermal mapping has been implemented since the late eighties to establish the susceptibility of road networks to ice occurrence with measurements from a radiometer and some atmospheric parameters. They are usually done before dawn during wintertime when the road energy is dissipated. The objective of this study was to establish if an infrared camera could improve the determination of ice road susceptibility, to build a new winter risk index, to improve the measurements rate, and to analyze its consistency with seasons and infrastructures environment. Data analysis obtained from the conventional approved radiometer sensing technique and the infrared camera has shown great similarities. A comparison was made with promising perspectives. The measurement rate to analyse a given road network could be increased by a factor two.

Does crossing the road in a group influence pedestrians’ gaze behavior?

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1938-1942
Author(s):  
Mirjam Lanzer ◽  
Martin Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Gaze Behavior ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Gender Influence ◽  
Vulnerable Road Users ◽  
Group Members ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Group Characteristics

So far, research on pedestrians’ gaze behavior while crossing roads has mainly focused on individual pedestrians rather than groups. However, pedestrians often travel in groups especially in downtown areas. This observational study investigated how group characteristics (group size and movement of the group), situational factors (presence of traffic), and demographic variables (age and gender) influence pedestrians’ gaze behavior towards traffic during road crossing. A total of N = 197 pedestrians were observed of whom n = 24 traveled alone, n = 128 traveled in groups of two or three, and n = 45 traveled in groups of four or more. Results indicated that with increasing group size, the odds to observe traffic decreased. Diffusion of responsibility among group members might explain this effect. Finally, pedestrians’ group characteristics should be considered when developing automated vehicles that interact with vulnerable road users.

Determination of Resistance to Abrasive Wear. VIII. Influence of Softeners in Tests with the Akron-Croydon and Du Pont Machines

1949 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-262
Author(s):  
J. F. Morley
Keyword(s):  
Unit Area ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The Road ◽  
Abrasive Surface ◽  
Abrasive Power ◽  
The Difference ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Right ◽  
Abrasion Testing

Abstract These experiments indicate that softeners can influence abrasion resistance, as measured by laboratory machines, in some manner other than by altering the stress-strain properties of the rubber. One possible explanation is that the softener acts as a lubricant to the abrasive surface. Since this surface, in laboratory abrasion-testing machines, is relatively small, and comes repeatedly into contact with the rubber under test, it seems possible that it may become coated with a thin layer of softener that reduces its abrasive power. It would be interesting in this connection to try an abrasive machine in which a long continuous strip of abrasive material was used, no part of it being used more than once, so as to eliminate or minimize this lubricating effect. The fact that the effect of the softener is more pronounced on the du Pont than on the Akron-Croydon machine lends support to the lubrication hypothesis, because on the former machine the rate of wear per unit area of abrasive is much greater. Thus in the present tests the volume of rubber abraded per hr. per sq. cm. of abrasive surface ranges from 0.03 to 0.11 cc. on the du Pont machine and from 0.0035 to 0.0045 cc. on the Akron-Croydon machine. On the other hand, if the softener acts as a lubricant, it would be expected to reduce considerably the friction between the abrasive and the rubber and hence the energy used in dragging the rubber over the abrasive surface. The energy figures given in the right-hand columns of Tables 1 and 3, however, show that there is relatively little variation between the different rubbers. As a test of the lubrication hypothesis, it would be of interest to vary the conditions of test so that approximately the same amount of rubber per unit area of abrasive is abraded in a given time on both machines; this should show whether the phenomena observed under the present test conditions are due solely to the difference in rate of wear or to an inherent difference in the type of wear on the two machines. This could most conveniently be done by considerably reducing the load on the du Pont machine. In the original work on this machine the load was standardized at 8 pounds, but no figures are quoted to show how abrasion loss varies with the load. As an addition to the present investigation, it is proposed to examine the effect of this variation with special reference to rubbers containing various amounts and types of softener. Published data on the influence of softeners on the road wear of tire rubbers do not indicate anything like such large effects as are shown by the du Pont machine. This throws some doubt on the value of this machine for testing tire tread rubbers, a conclusion which is confirmed by information obtained from other workers.

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