scholarly journals Research Resource: Small RNA-seq of Human Granulosa Cells Reveals miRNAs in FSHR and Aromatase Genes

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1128-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agne Velthut-Meikas ◽  
Jaak Simm ◽  
Timo Tuuri ◽  
Juha S. Tapanainen ◽  
Madis Metsis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Human Granulosa Cells ◽  
Expression Studies

Abstract The granulosa cells in the mammalian ovarian follicle respond to gonadotropin signaling and are involved in the processes of folliculogenesis and oocyte maturation. Studies on gene expression and regulation in human granulosa cells are of interest due to their potential for estimating the oocyte viability and in vitro fertilization success. However, the posttranscriptional gene expression studies on micro-RNA (miRNA) level in the human ovary have been scarce. The current study determined the miRNA profile by deep sequencing of the 2 intrafollicular somatic cell types: mural and cumulus granulosa cells (MGCs and CGCs, respectively) isolated from women undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation and in vitro fertilization. Altogether, 936 annotated and 9 novel miRNAs were identified. Ninety of the annotated miRNAs were differentially expressed between MGCs and CGCs. Bioinformatic prediction revealed that TGFβ, ErbB signaling, and heparan sulfate biosynthesis were targeted by miRNAs in both granulosa cell populations, whereas extracellular matrix remodeling, Wnt, and neurotrophin signaling pathways were enriched among miRNA targets in MGCs. Two of the nine novel miRNAs found were of intronic origin: one from the aromatase and the other from the FSH receptor gene. The latter miRNA was predicted to target the activin signaling pathway. In addition to revealing the genome-wide miRNA signature in human granulosa cells, our results suggest that posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression by miRNAs could play an important role in the modification of gonadotropin signaling. miRNA expression studies could therefore lead to new prognostic markers in assisted reproductive technologies.

Legal restrictions on pre-implantation genetic diagnostics in the framework of in vitro fertilization procedure: foreign experience and Russian perspective

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A. Altinnik , S.S. Zenin , V.V. Komarova et all
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Genetic Diseases ◽  
Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Genetic Diagnostics ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Medical Indications

The article discusses the factors that determine the content of the legal limitations of pre-implantation genetic diagnosis in the framework of the in vitro fertilization procedure, taking into account international experience and modern domestic regulatory legal regulation of the field of assisted reproductive technologies. The authors substantiates the conclusion that it is necessary to legislate a list of medical indications for preimplantation genetic diagnosis, as well as the categories of hereditary or other genetic diseases diagnosed in the framework of this procedure.

scholarly journals Prevalence of pathogenic copy number variants among children conceived by donor oocyte

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Monfort ◽  
Carmen Orellana ◽  
Silvestre Oltra ◽  
Mónica Rosello ◽  
Alfonso Caro-Llopis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Copy Number Variants ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Significant Excess ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Donor Oocyte ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractDevelopment of assisted reproductive technologies to address infertility has favored the birth of many children in the last years. The majority of children born with these treatments are healthy, but some concerns remain on the safety of these medical procedures. We have retrospectively analyzed both the fertilization method and the microarray results in all those children born between 2010 and 2019 with multiple congenital anomalies, developmental delay and/or autistic spectrum disorder (n = 486) referred for array study in our center. This analysis showed a significant excess of pathogenic copy number variants among those patients conceived after in vitro fertilization with donor oocyte with respect to those patients conceived by natural fertilization (p = 0.0001). On the other hand, no significant excess of pathogenic copy number variants was observed among patients born by autologous oocyte in vitro fertilization. Further studies are necessary to confirm these results and in order to identify the factors that may contribute to an increased risk of genomic rearrangements, as well as consider the screening for genomic alterations after oocyte donation in prenatal diagnosis.

scholarly journals Expression of mRNAs for Pro-and Anti-Apoptotic Factors in Granulosa Cells and Follicular Fluid of Women Undergoing in Vitro Fertilization. A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jozsef Bodis ◽  
Endre Sulyok ◽  
Akos Varnagy ◽  
Viktória Prémusz ◽  
Krisztina Godony ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Apoptotic Factors

Abstract BackgroundThis observational clinical study evaluated the expression levels and predictive values of some apoptosis-related genes in granulosa cells (GCs) and follicular fluid (FF) of women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF).Methods GCs and FF were obtained at oocyte retrieval from 31 consecutive patients with heterogeneous infertility diagnosis (age: 34.3±5.8 years, body mass index: 24.02±3.12 kg/m2, duration of infertility: 4.2±2.1 years). mRNA expression of pro-apoptotic (BAX, CASP3, CASP8) and anti-apoptotic (BCL2, AMH, AMHR, FSHR, LHR, CYP19A1) factors was determined by quantitative RT-PCR using ROCHE LightCycler 480. Results No significant difference in GC or FF mRNA expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic factors could be demonstrated between IVF patients with (9 patients) or without (22 patients) clinical pregnancy. Each transcript investigated was detected in FF, but their levels were markedly reduced and independent of those in GCs. The number of retrieved oocytes was positively associated with GC AMHR (r=0.393, p=0.029), but the day of embryo transfer was negatively associated with GC LHR (r=-0.414, p=0.020) and GC FSHR transcripts (r=-0.535, p=0.002). When pregnancy positive group was analysed separately the impact of apoptosis- related gene expressions on some selected measures of IVF success could be observed. Strong positive relationship was found between gene expression levels of pro- and anti-apoptotic factors in GCs.ConclusionOur study provides only marginal evidences for the apoptosis dependence of IVF outcome and suggests that the apoptosis process induces adaptive increases of the anti-apoptotic gene expression to attenuate apoptosis and to protect cell survival.

scholarly journals GAMETE DONATION. ETHICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
L. Chalova ◽  
V. Lokshin ◽  
A. Guseva ◽  
A. Kinzhibayev
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Gamete Donation ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
National Legislation

This world literature review tries to determine the significance of the gamete donation in the field of assisted reproductive technologies as well as the availability of treatment methods using donation in in vitro fertilization programs. Gamete donation is regulated by every country's national legislation system, and quite often the laws vary between the states. There are practically no universal standards and/or rules in this area, which, in turn, leads to an ambivalent reaction towards reproductive practices.

scholarly journals Stimulation of Apoptosis in Human Granulosa Cells from in Vitro Fertilization Patients and Its Prevention by Dexamethasone: Involvement of Cell Contact and Bcl-2 Expression

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (7) ◽  
pp. 3441-3451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravid Sasson ◽  
Abraham Amsterdam
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Gap Junctions ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Connexin 43 ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Human Granulosa Cells ◽  
Progesterone Production

Human granulosa cells obtained from in vitro fertilization patients are highly luteinized, but can still be stimulated by LH/cAMP for production of progesterone. This stimulation involved enhancement of apoptosis. Incubation of the cells with dexamethasone (Dex) reduced the apoptotic incidence compared with nontreated cells and completely abolished the increase in apoptosis stimulated by LH or forskolin, concomitantly with a pronounced increase in progesterone production. Organization of the actin cytoskeleton was dramatically reduced after LH/forskolin stimulation. In contrast, Dex prevented disorganization of the actin filament networks. LH and forskolin also decreased the organization of gap junctions, which could be prevented by Dex. However, the intracellular level of connexin 43 was elevated in the presence of LH, forskolin, and Dex. Endogenous levels of the survival gene protein Bcl-2 were significantly elevated in all cultures treated with Dex compared with either nonstimulated cultures or cultures stimulated with LH and forskolin. Our data suggest that LH/cAMP can stimulate steroidogenesis even during the initial stage of apoptosis of human granulosa cells, whereas Dex, which blocks apoptosis, could further elevate progesterone production. Moreover, the integrity of gap junctions and the actin cytoskeleton as well as elevated levels of Bcl-2 may play an important role in the suppression of apoptosis of human granulosa cells.

scholarly journals Islam, Assisted Reproductive Technologies, and the Middle Eastern State

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia C. Inhorn
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Eastern State ◽  
Nation States

Assisted reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilization, have made their way to the Middle Eastern nation states. However, in the Sunni-dominant countries, third-party donation of sperm, eggs, embryos, and uteruses (as in surrogacy) is banned, leading some Sunni Muslim couples to travel to Iran and Lebanon, where Shia Muslim clergy have allowed donor technologies.

Assisted reproductive technologies and their impact on a woman's body

2021 ◽  
pp. 239-242
Author(s):  
A.A. Fil ◽  
◽  
E.L. Sorokin ◽  
O.V. Kolenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Vascular Pathology ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Fertilization Program ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Hemostatic System ◽  
Retinal Pathology

A review of the literature data is presented, which indicates the possible influence of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) on the formation of both systemic and retinal vascular pathology. Despite the fact that the overall incidence of thromboembolic complications as a result of the use of ART is low, nevertheless, in women included in the in vitro fertilization program, their risk increases by 10 times. Therefore, due to the adverse effect of these drugs on the hemostatic system of a woman, ophthalmologists should be more wary of them in order to detect vascular retinal pathology in a timely manner. Key words: assisted reproductive technologies, in vitro fertilization, hyperestrogenism, vascular retinal pathology.

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