“Free Our Brothers!”

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 686-693
Author(s):  
João Gabriell
Keyword(s):  
Social Group ◽  
Black People ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
Oppressed Group ◽  
Political Project ◽  
And Migration

Why does a given oppressed group sometimes revolt and take to the streets, while other times it does not? This is a question that is never easy to answer. It requires a detailed examination of its history in a given context (here, France), the conditions and means for self-organization, the forms resistance takes, the struggles for hegemony within this social group to impose a group definition, what should comprise its struggle for emancipation. This article is an attempt to question how the revolt against slavery in Libya, after its presentation in a CNN video, was politicized by black people in the French context. We pay attention to the fact that the outrage exceeded frontiers of political organization and took the form of a mass revolt, under the “black” banner. But it has also shown limits in terms of translating this indignation into a political project of emancipation. To our understanding, those limits take root in the weakness of materialist analysis of race and migration as historical processes within a capitalist system, which cannot be understood solely in terms of ideology.

scholarly journals Exploring Spatiotemporal Complexity of a Predator-Prey System with Migration and Diffusion by a Three-Chain Coupled Map Lattice

Complexity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tousheng Huang ◽  
Huayong Zhang ◽  
Xuebing Cong ◽  
Ge Pan ◽  
Xiumin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Turing Instability ◽  
Coupled Map Lattice ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Turing Patterns ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Migration Rates ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Prey System ◽  
And Migration ◽  
And Diffusion

The topic of utilizing coupled map lattice to investigate complex spatiotemporal dynamics has attracted a lot of interest. For exploring the spatiotemporal complexity of a predator-prey system with migration and diffusion, a new three-chain coupled map lattice model is developed in this research. Based on Turing instability analysis, pattern formation conditions for the predator-prey system are derived. Via numerical simulation, rich Turing patterns are found with subtle self-organized structures under diffusion-driven and migration-driven mechanisms. With the variation of migration rates, the predator-prey system exhibits a gradual dynamical transition from diffusion-driven patterns to migration-driven patterns. Moreover, new results, the self-organization of non-Turing patterns, are also revealed. We find that even in the cases where the nonspatial predator-prey system reaches collapse, the migration can still drive pattern self-organization. These non-Turing patterns suggest many new possible ways for the coexistence of predator and prey in space, under the effects of migration and diffusion.

scholarly journals When Borders Migrate: Reconstructing the Category of ‘International Migrant’

Sociology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Gorodzeisky ◽  
Inna Leykin
Keyword(s):  
Social Contexts ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Political Discourses ◽  
International Borders ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Cross National

Using the Baltic states as an empirical example of a wider social problem of categorization and naming, this article explores the statistical categories of ‘international migrant/foreign-born’ population used in three major cross-national data sources (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Eurostat and The World Bank Indicators (WBI)). We argue that these seemingly politically neutral categories ignore historical processes of state formation and migration, and privilege the current ethnonational definition of the state. We demonstrate how, in regions with recent geopolitical changes, the international migrant category’s spatial and temporal constraints produce distorted population parameters, by marking those who have never crossed sovereign states’ borders as international migrants. In certain social contexts, applying the international migrant category to those who have never crossed international borders shapes and legitimizes restrictive citizenship policies and new forms of social exclusion. We further argue that, when uncritically adopting this category, transnational institutions assert territorial imaginaries embedded in ethnonational political discourses and legitimize exclusionary citizenship policies.

scholarly journals Concerning Abolitionism, Black People, and Capoeira in the History of Brazil: Social and Moral (Im)Balances

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Ana Leticia Padeski Ferreira ◽  
Marchi Júnior Wanderley
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Black People ◽  
Brazilian Society ◽  
Martial Art ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

Abstract The purpose of this article is to discuss the changes that took place in relation to the peculiarities of Capoeira within Brazilian society. This popular practice, which is considered a martial art, a dance and a game, developed during the 19th century, where it was practiced by individuals from the lower walks of life. Practicing Capoeira was a felony, as it posed a threat to public safety, order, and morality. Presently, it has been upgraded to a Brazilian cultural asset, which shows how the perception of its practice has changed. These changes follow the different views of the historical processes related to abolitionism and the perverse incorporation of blacks into society at that time, which have continued until present time, having undergone significant changes and grown as a valued physical expression

scholarly journals The diacylglycerol lipases: structure, regulation and roles in and beyond endocannabinoid signalling

2012 ◽  
Vol 367 (1607) ◽  
pp. 3264-3275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melina Reisenberg ◽  
Praveen K. Singh ◽  
Gareth Williams ◽  
Patrick Doherty
Keyword(s):  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptors ◽  
Homology Modelling ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Regulatory Loop ◽  
Translational Mechanisms ◽  
The Brain

The diacylglycerol lipases (DAGLs) hydrolyse diacylglycerol to generate 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), the most abundant ligand for the CB 1 and CB 2 cannabinoid receptors in the body. DAGL-dependent endocannabinoid signalling regulates axonal growth and guidance during development, and is required for the generation and migration of new neurons in the adult brain. At developed synapses, 2-AG released from postsynaptic terminals acts back on presynaptic CB 1 receptors to inhibit the secretion of both excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, with this DAGL-dependent synaptic plasticity operating throughout the nervous system. Importantly, the DAGLs have functions that do not involve cannabinoid receptors. For example, 2-AG is the precursor of arachidonic acid in a pathway that maintains the level of this essential lipid in the brain and other organs. This pathway also drives the cyclooxygenase-dependent generation of inflammatory prostaglandins in the brain, which has recently been implicated in the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease. Remarkably, we still know very little about the mechanisms that regulate DAGL activity—however, key insights can be gleaned by homology modelling against other α/β hydrolases and from a detailed examination of published proteomic studies and other databases. These identify a regulatory loop with a highly conserved signature motif, as well as phosphorylation and palmitoylation as post-translational mechanisms likely to regulate function.

scholarly journals Multiethnicity, pluralism, and migration in the south central Andes: An alternate path to state expansion

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (30) ◽  
pp. 9202-9209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul S. Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Central Andes ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
The South ◽  
Apparent Contradiction ◽  
State Expansion ◽  
South Central ◽  
Archaic States ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Social Entities

The south central Andes is known as a region of enduring multiethnic diversity, yet it is also the cradle of one the South America’s first successful expansive-state societies. Social structures that encouraged the maintenance of separate identities among coexistent ethnic groups may explain this apparent contradiction. Although the early expansion of the Tiwanaku state (A.D. 600–1000) is often interpreted according to a centralized model derived from Old World precedents, recent archaeological research suggests a reappraisal of the socio-political organization of Tiwanaku civilization, both for the diversity of social entities within its core region and for the multiple agencies behind its wider program of agropastoral colonization. Tiwanaku’s sociopolitical pluralism in both its homeland and colonies tempers some of archaeology’s global assumptions about the predominant role of centralized institutions in archaic states.

scholarly journals EXUMAÇÃO DA HISTÓRIA: A TRADIÇÃO ORAL EM PESQUISAS COM RELATOS DE EXPERIÊNCIA QUILOMBOLA

ILUMINURAS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (46) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Filogênio De Paula Junior ◽  
Cesar Romero Amaral Vieira ◽  
Márcia Cristina Américo ◽  
Viviane Marinho Luiz
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Oral History ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Graduate Program ◽  
School Education ◽  
Post Graduate ◽  
Education School ◽  
Political Project

ResumoEste artigo apresenta um estudo sobre tradição, transmissão e educação, a partir de duas pesquisas desenvolvidas no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba sobre uma mesma comunidade quilombola do Vale do Ribeira (SP). A partir de uma reflexão fundamentada na história oral, buscamos compreender o projeto político-educacional e comunitário do Quilombo Ivaporunduva, tentando entender os mecanismos de inserção da educação escolarizada, levando em conta a preservação dos saberes existentes, oriundos de tradições seculares que identificam as pessoas com seu grupo social. Palavras chave: Quilombo Ivaporunduva. Oralidade. Memória coletiva. Educação. Escola.  EXHUMATION OF HISTORY: THE ORAL TRADITION IN RESEARCHES WITH THE QUILOMBOLA EXPERIENCE NARRATIVES Abstract This article aims to present a reflection about tradition, transmission and education, from  two research developed at Post- Graduate Program in Education of the Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba,about of quilombola community of Vale do Ribeira, SP. Starting from a reflection based on oral history, this article aims to understand the educational  and communitarian political project of Quilombo Ivaporunduva. The challenge was attempt to understand the insertion mechanisms of school education along with this traditional community, considering tha preservation of existing knowledge, derived from secular traditions that identify people by their social group. Keywords: Quilombo Ivaporunduva. Orality, Collective Memory, Education, School

The Cultural Construction of Space and Migration in Paiwan, Taiwan

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-406
Author(s):  
Maa-ling Chen
Keyword(s):  
Social Group ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Construction ◽  
Cultural Continuity ◽  
Cultural Cognition ◽  
Use Of Space ◽  
Metaphorical Meaning ◽  
Spatial Dimensions ◽  
Southern Taiwan ◽  
And Migration

The establishment and use of space is a culturally constructed dimension of the human experience that is figurative, metaphorical, and analogical in nature. Such phenomena are mapped and encoded in people's spatial and cultural cognition and they are constituted and reconstituted during moments of migration onto new lands. In this paper it is argued that analysing the spatial dimensions that are enacted by a social group during its migration offers scholars a means to ascertain the metaphorical meaning of the lives of its members. Examining such processes also enables archaeologists to identify and interpret the nature of cultural continuity during such movements. The paper presents the results of examining the nature of cultural continuity in the configurations and patterns of ancient house structures and settlements that were established and then abandoned by the Kaushi, a Paiwan group in southern Taiwan, as they migrated and colonized and created a new cultural landscape.

“The Lost Province”: Neglect and Governance in Colonial Ogoja

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 327-345
Author(s):  
John Manton
Keyword(s):  
Economic Geography ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Clayey Soils ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
British Rule ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
And Migration

The notion that the colonial entity administered as Ogoja Province represented a Nigerian form of “the frontier” persisted right through the period of British rule in Nigeria. In a late colonial geography, Ogoja and eastern Calabar are referred to as the “pioneer fringe.” Marginalized by the economic geography of colonialism, as a result of its relatively low population density, in contrast to much of southeastern Nigeria, and by virtue of its terrain, crossed by unforded rivers and characterized by heavy, clayey soils which restricted wet-season travel, it could still be characterized in the 1940s as a “traceless praierie [sic]” by one of its most seasoned European observers, and as “the Lost Province” in common colonial parlance. Scholarly exploration has done little to address this marginalization, a fact both pivotal in the administration and development of Ogoja Province and restrictive of our attempts to understand and describe these administrative processes. The dynamics of community, trade, and migration in Ogoja, and the systematic misunderstandings to which these dynamics were subject, both constitute historical processes which call for scrutiny, and help shape development and welfare projects undertaken in the later colonial period and in post-independence Nigeria. This study investigates the problematic interaction of ethnography and administration at the colonial margin, and the implications of this both for the historical study of Ogoja and its hinterland and for economic and social development planning in the area.

Urban Squatting and Migration in Peninsular Malaysia

1983 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-322
Author(s):  
Michael Johnstone
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Uneven Development ◽  
World City ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Third World

This article examines some of the links between the phenomena of urban migration and squatter settlements in the Third World city. This will be done by demonstrating that both are outcomes of fundamental social and political forces that have operated on these societies. Migration and squatting are placed in a context of the historical processes that led to the uneven development of Malaysia1. The article offers some explanation for the origin of the inequalities observed in spatial structures — in this case urban housing—by focusing on one of the contributory factors, namely migration.

scholarly journals Global Markets, Local Issues: The Hegemonic Process of Agri-Food Construction to Present Challenges

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1182
Author(s):  
Guilherme Silva Fracarolli
Keyword(s):  
Food Markets ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Market Formation ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Food Market ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
Market Construction ◽  
Agrarian Systems

The social construction of the agri-food market has undergone revolutionary changes throughout history since the Anthropocene. This conceptual paper discusses the embeddedness of institutions in this market construction. To do so, this work analyses the geographical indication (GI) of agri-food market formation through the lens of critical theory. Through dialectics, it analyzes the historical process of agrarian systems’ shape according to their complexity, and the origins and effects of hegemonic interests in the construction of agri-food markets. Furthermore, this work shows how the market has evolved from different trade types as the capitalist system also evolved, changing the mechanics of trade and functions of food production. The results indicate that as agrarian systems evolved, food became more homogeneous and standardized in order to meet the demands of urban masses in capitalist economies. Regions where less complex systems predominate tend to hinder the creation, maintenance, and perpetuation of products such as GI, which may compromise their existence in the long run. Moreover, nations reproduce ideologically oriented interests according to the formation of dominant groups in each place, as also expressed in the agri-food market. This paper aims to provide new conceptual and theoretical insights into the institutional mechanisms and historical processes of agri-food market construction in terms of power interests.

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