Stability classification of a Ricker model with two random parameters

We consider a stochastic version of the Ricker model describing the density of an unstructured isolated population. In particular, we investigate the effects of independently varying the per capita growth rate and the parameter governing density dependent feedback. We derive conditions on the distributions sufficient to guarantee different forms of stochastic stability such as null recurrence or positive recurrence. We find, for example, that null recurrence appears in two widely different scenarios: when there is a mean-zero growth rate or via a growth-catastrophe behaviour.

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Do Military Expenditure and Conflict Affect Economic Growth in Sri Lanka? Evidence from the ARDL Bounds Test Approach

International Journal of Economics and Finance ◽

10.5539/ijef.v8n3p1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Abdul Rasheed Sithy Jesmy ◽

Mohd Zaini Abd Karim ◽

Shri Dewi Applanaidu

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Civil War ◽

Sri Lanka ◽

Military Expenditure ◽

Gdp Growth ◽

Per Capita Gdp ◽

Long Run ◽

Gdp Growth Rate ◽

Per Capita ◽

Bounds Test

Conflicts in the form of civil war, ethnic tensions and political discord are of enduring concern and a major bottleneck to economic development in Sri Lanka. Three decades of civil war and unethical political culture have caused severe economic problems for the country, including slower rate of growth and a huge defence expenditure. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of military expenditure and conflict on per capita GDP growth rate in Sri Lanka from 1973 to 2014 using the Solow growth model and ARDL bounds test approach. The results of the bounds test are highly significant and lead to cointegration. The negative and significant coefficients of the error correction term illustrate the expected convergence process in the long-run dynamic of per capita GDP. The estimated empirical results show that, the coefficients of military expenditure and conflict are negative and statistically significant in the short-run as well as in the long-run in determining per capita GDP growth rate in Sri Lanka. Hence, it is critically important to take necessary action to decrease military expenditure and provide an efficient political solution to the problem of minorities, specifically in the post-war period.

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Prevalence and Incidence of Heart Failure Among Urban Patients in China: A National Population-Based Analysis

Circulation Heart Failure ◽

10.1161/circheartfailure.121.008406 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hua Wang ◽

Ke Chai ◽

Minghui Du ◽

Shengfeng Wang ◽

Jian-Ping Cai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Large Scale ◽

International Classification Of Diseases ◽

Population Based ◽

Unique Identifier ◽

Classification Of Diseases ◽

Per Capita ◽

Mean Cost ◽

Incident Cases

Background: Large-scale and population-based studies of heart failure (HF) incidence and prevalence are scarce in China. The study sought to estimate the prevalence, incidence, and cost of HF in China. Methods: We conducted a population-based study using records of 50.0 million individuals ≥25 years old from the national urban employee basic medical insurance from 6 provinces in China in 2017. Incident cases were individuals with a diagnosis of HF (International Classification of Diseases code, and text of diagnosis) in 2017 with a 4-year disease-free period (2013–2016). We calculated standardized rates by applying age standardization to the 2010 Chinese census population. Results: The age-standardized prevalence and incidence were 1.10% (1.10% among men and women) and 275 per 100 000 person-years (287 among men and 261 among women), respectively, accounting for 12.1 million patients with HF and 3.0 million patients with incident HF ≥25 years old. Both prevalence and incidence increased with increasing age (0.57%, 3.86%, and 7.55% for prevalence and 158, 892, and 1655 per 100 000 person-years for incidence among persons who were 25–64, 65–79, and ≥80 years of age, respectively). The inpatient mean cost per-capita was $4406.8 and the proportion with ≥3 hospitalizations among those hospitalized was 40.5%. The outpatient mean cost per-capita was $892.3. Conclusions: HF has placed a considerable burden on health systems in China, and strategies aimed at the prevention and treatment of HF are needed. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: ChiCTR2000029094.

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Melting and zero growth rate temperatures of syndiotactic polystryrene

Colloid & Polymer Science ◽

10.1007/s00396-008-1858-2 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 286 (8-9) ◽

pp. 983-991 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

A. Sorrentino ◽

R. Pantani ◽

G. Titomanlio

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Zero Growth

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International Trade and Economic Misery in African Countries with Low Human Development

International Journal of Finance Research ◽

10.47747/ijfr.v2i4.446 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 212-243

Author(s):

Uchechukwu C. Nwogwugwu ◽

Collins C. Umeghalu

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

International Trade ◽

Exchange Rate ◽

Trade Agreements ◽

Balance Of Payments ◽

Total Export ◽

Manufacture Export ◽

African Countries ◽

Gdp Growth Rate ◽

Per Capita

Puzzled by the demeaning level of poverty most African countries continue to grapple with despite their extensive participation in international trade, the study attempts to examine the encumbrances that tend to impede African countries from optimally reaping the developmental gains inherent in partaking in international trade, which seems to also worsen the economic misery the inhabitants endlessly contend with. The System Generalized Method of Moments (System-GMM) estimation technique was used in the study which involves 17 African countries and spans from 1995 - 2018. While misery index is used to measure economic misery, the impact of international trade on economic misery is captured by means of its effect via economic misery, economic growth rate, balance of payment, total export, manufacture export and exchange rate. The results of the study reveal that balance of payments, total export, manufacture export, per capita GDP growth rate, exchange rate and lagged form of economic misery all have positive effect on economic misery. While the effects of total export, manufacture export, per capita GDP growth rate, and exchange rate on economic misery are significant, those of balance of payments and lagged form of economic misery are insignificant. While the study recommends that international trade be engaged strategically such that it results in favourable balance of payments, it also encourages the discarding of obsolete trade policies such as outright bans on importation of certain commodities. Bilateral trade agreements are recommended over multilateral trade agreements, since they are more mutually beneficial and binding on the parties involved

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The Evolution of Economic Activity in the Rural Area of Region 2 South - East

SHS Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/shsconf/20219501007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 95 ◽

pp. 01007

Author(s):

Daniela – Lavinia Balasan ◽

Dragoş Horia Buhociu

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Growth Rate ◽

Economic Development ◽

Economic Activity ◽

Labour Force ◽

Standard Of Living ◽

Economic Growth Rate ◽

Current State ◽

Per Capita ◽

The Impact

When we talk about economic development, we can refer to improve the standard of living and the prosperity of the population. This is due by increasing per capita income. In order to analyze economic activity, severe indicators must be studied, namely productivity, economic growth rate, labour force share, gross domestic product. In order to carry out as accurate an analysis as possible, it is required to discover the bottlenecks and problems that Region 2 South East makes and to develop a set of reservations and indications leading to the reduction and, why not, the removal of negative aspects. The main purpose of this work is to achieve a strategic plan by studying the current state and the impact of the economic system in recent times in all its forms, with a view to the development of the countryside of Region 2 South – East. I set out to create a website based on the advice of small rural entrepreneurs that evolves gathering information in realistically identifying all the strengths and concentrating them in the region’s potential innovation.

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A Panel Data Study of the Effects of Economic Freedom, Regulatory Quality, and Taxation on the Growth Rate of Per Capita Real GDP

Journal of Public Finance and Public Choice ◽

10.1332/251569212x15664519360506 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 103-122

Author(s):

Richard J. Cebula ◽

Maggie Foley

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Economic Freedom ◽

Government Regulation ◽

The Third ◽

Real Gdp ◽

Regulatory Quality ◽

Gdp Growth Rate ◽

Per Capita ◽

The Cost

Abstract This study empirically investigates three hypotheses. The first is that higher levels of economic freedom in an economy promote a higher growth rate of economic activity and hence yield a higher growth rate of per capita real GDP in that economy. The second hypothesis is that higher quality government regulation leads to a more efficient economic system, in large part by interfering less with market functioning and in part by not adding unnecessarily to the cost of conducting business in the marketplace, and thereby leads to a higher per capita real GDP growth rate. The third hypothesis is that the higher the taxation level/burden relative to GDP in an economy, the lower the growth rate of private sector spending and hence the lower the growth rate of per capita real GDP in that economy. Using a panel dataset for OECD nations over the 2003 through 2006 period, fixed effects PLS estimations find compelling evidence in support of all three of these hypotheses.

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IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE GROWTH RATE OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN THE LENINGRAD REGION

Meteorologiya i Gidrologiya ◽

10.52002/0130-2906-2021-5-99-112 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 99-112

Author(s):

M. V. Klyueva ◽

◽

I. M. Shkol’nik ◽

Yu. L. Rudakova ◽

T. V. Pavlova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Growth Rate ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Heat Waves ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Leningrad Region ◽

System A ◽

Return Levels ◽

Main Geophysical Observatory

Return levels of the major climatic stressors affecting the level of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases in the Leningrad region are evaluated. Based on data from 26 ob-serving stations located in 18 municipal units, a cluster analysis has been carried out allowing for classification of the territory according to the degree of influence of climatic conditions on the pathology of cardiovascular system. A projection of future changes in the selected climate indica-tors for the mid and end of the XXI century is conducted. The projection is based on the ensem-ble of climate change simulations using the Voeikov Main Geophysical Observatory regional cli-mate model under the IPCC RCP8.5 scenario. It has been shown that the main future threats due to the changing climate are associated with an increase in mortality from cardiovascular diseases connected with the projected increase in the intensity of the heat waves. The relevancy to take into account climate warming when it comes to developing a strategy for combating cardiovascu-lar diseases in municipal units is emphasized.

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