scholarly journals Predicting experimental success: a retrospective case-control study using the rat intraluminal thread model of stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. dmm044651
Author(s):  
Lisa Liebenstund ◽  
Mark Coburn ◽  
Christina Fitzner ◽  
Antje Willuweit ◽  
Karl-Josef Langen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Stroke Research ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Cerebral Artery Occlusion ◽  
Control Study

ABSTRACTThe poor translational success rate of preclinical stroke research may partly be due to inaccurate modelling of the disease. We provide data on transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) experiments, including detailed intraoperative monitoring to elaborate predictors indicating experimental success (ischemia without occurrence of confounding pathologies). The tMCAO monitoring data (bilateral cerebral blood flow, CBF; heart rate, HR; and mean arterial pressure, MAP) of 16 animals with an ‘ideal’ outcome (MCA-ischemia), and 48 animals with additional or other pathologies (subdural haematoma or subarachnoid haemorrhage), were checked for their prognostic performance (receiver operating characteristic curve and area under the curve, AUC). Animals showing a decrease in the contralateral CBF at the time of MCA occlusion suffered from unintended pathologies. Implementation of baseline MAP, in addition to baseline HR (AUC, 0.83, 95% c.i. 0.68 to 0.97), increased prognostic relevance (AUC, 0.89, 95% c.i. 0.79 to 0.98). Prediction performance improved when two additional predictors referring to differences in left and right CBF were considered (AUC, 1.00, 95% c.i. 1.0 to 1.0). Our data underline the importance of peri-interventional monitoring to verify a successful experimental performance in order to ensure a disease model as homogeneous as possible.

The Role of Occlusal Factors in the Presence of Noncarious Cervical Lesions in Young People: A Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. E12-E22
Author(s):  
A Alvarez-Arenal ◽  
L Alvarez-Menendez ◽  
I Gonzalez-Gonzalez ◽  
E Jiménez-Castellanos ◽  
M Garcia-Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Occlusal Wear ◽  
Control Study

SUMMARY Objective: The aim of this retrospective case-control study was to evaluate the influence of different occlusal characteristics and self-referred bruxism in the presence of noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs). Methods and Materials: The participants were 280 students (140 cases and 140 controls), with an average age of 24.5 years, from six schools of dentistry in Spain. Clinical examination was carried out to record the NCCLs and the static and dynamic occlusal characteristics. The side of mastication and bruxism was collected by questionnaire. Data variables were analyzed by means of univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Odds ratios and the respective 95% confidence intervals were calculated (p<0.05). Results: The presence of NCCLs was significantly more likely in subjects with protrusive interferences (odds ratio [OR]=1.82); with lateral interferences, especially on the nonworking side (OR= 1.77); or who were self-reported bruxists (OR=1.72). In the multivariate analysis, protrusive interferences, bruxism, age, and the presence of attrition were risk factors for the development of NCCLs. These factors resulted in a model with an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of 0.667 and a positive predictive value of 61.43%. Conclusions: There was no significant relationship between most occlusal factors and the presence of NCCLs. Only bruxism, protrusive interferences, age, and occlusal wear were risk factors. The predictive model was not sufficiently explanatory. Occlusal factors alone do not appear to be sufficient to explain the presence of NCCLs.

scholarly journals A novel combination of serum microRNAs for the detection of early gastric cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiichiro Abe ◽  
Juntaro Matsuzaki ◽  
Kazuki Sudo ◽  
Ichiro Oda ◽  
Hitoshi Katai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Early Gastric Cancer ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Serum Mirnas ◽  
Validation Set

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to identify serum miRNAs that discriminate early gastric cancer (EGC) samples from non-cancer controls using a large cohort. Methods This retrospective case–control study included 1417 serum samples from patients with EGC (seen at the National Cancer Center Hospital in Tokyo between 2008 and 2012) and 1417 age- and gender-matched non-cancer controls. The samples were randomly assigned to discovery and validation sets and the miRNA expression profiles of whole serum samples were comprehensively evaluated using a highly sensitive DNA chip (3D-Gene®) designed to detect 2565 miRNA sequences. Diagnostic models were constructed using the levels of several miRNAs in the discovery set, and the diagnostic performance of the model was evaluated in the validation set. Results The discovery set consisted of 708 samples from EGC patients and 709 samples from non-cancer controls, and the validation set consisted of 709 samples from EGC patients and 708 samples from non-cancer controls. The diagnostic EGC index was constructed using four miRNAs (miR-4257, miR-6785-5p, miR-187-5p, and miR-5739). In the discovery set, a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of the EGC index revealed that the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.996 with a sensitivity of 0.983 and a specificity of 0.977. In the validation set, the AUC for the EGC index was 0.998 with a sensitivity of 0.996 and a specificity of 0.953. Conclusions A novel combination of four serum miRNAs could be a useful non-invasive diagnostic biomarker to detect EGC with high accuracy. A multicenter prospective study is ongoing to confirm the present observations.

scholarly journals Soluble SIGLEC5: A New Prognosis Marker in Colorectal Cancer Patients

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3896
Author(s):  
Karla Montalbán-Hernández ◽  
Ramón Cantero-Cid ◽  
Roberto Lozano-Rodríguez ◽  
Alejandro Pascual-Iglesias ◽  
José Avendaño-Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Prognostic Markers ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Prognosis Marker ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients ◽  
Healthy Participants

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most deadly and third most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. There is significant heterogeneity among patients with CRC, which hinders the search for a standard approach for the detection of this disease. Therefore, the identification of robust prognostic markers for patients with CRC represents an urgent clinical need. In search of such biomarkers, a total of 114 patients with colorectal cancer and 67 healthy participants were studied. Soluble SIGLEC5 (sSIGLEC5) levels were higher in plasma from patients with CRC compared with healthy volunteers. Additionally, sSIGLEC5 levels were higher in exitus than in survivors, and the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed sSIGLEC5 to be an exitus predictor (area under the curve 0.853; cut-off > 412.6 ng/mL) in these patients. A Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that patients with high levels of sSIGLEC5 had significantly shorter overall survival (hazard ratio 15.68; 95% CI 4.571–53.81; p ≤ 0.0001) than those with lower sSIGLEC5 levels. Our study suggests that sSIGLEC5 is a soluble prognosis marker and exitus predictor in CRC.

scholarly journals Prediction of anemia at delivery

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enav Yefet ◽  
Avishag Yossef ◽  
Zohar Nachum
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Iron Supplement ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Operating Characteristic Curve ◽  
Study Database

AbstractWe aimed to assess risk factors for anemia at delivery by conducting a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study database including 1527 women who delivered vaginally ≥ 36 gestational weeks. Anemia (Hemoglobin (Hb) < 10.5 g/dL) was assessed at delivery. A complete blood count results during pregnancy as well as maternal and obstetrical characteristics were collected. The primary endpoint was to determine the Hb cutoff between 24 and 30 gestational weeks that is predictive of anemia at delivery by using the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve. Independent risk factors for anemia at delivery were assessed using stepwise multivariable logistic regression. Hb and infrequent iron supplement treatment were independent risk factors for anemia at delivery (OR 0.3 95%CI [0.2–0.4] and OR 2.4 95%CI [1.2–4.8], respectively; C statistics 83%). Hb 10.6 g/dL was an accurate cutoff to predict anemia at delivery (AUC 80% 95%CI 75–84%; sensitivity 75% and specificity 74%). Iron supplement was beneficial to prevent anemia regardless of Hb value. Altogether, Hb should be routinely tested between 24 and 30 gestational weeks to screen for anemia. A flow chart for anemia screening and treatment during pregnancy is proposed in the manuscript.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02434653.

scholarly journals Lickometry: A novel and sensitive method for assessing functional deficits in rats after stroke

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 755-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jewel Ahmed ◽  
Dominic M Dwyer ◽  
Tracy D Farr ◽  
David J Harrison ◽  
Stephen B Dunnett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Precise Method ◽  
Functional Deficits ◽  
Sensorimotor Deficits ◽  
Stroke Research ◽  
Cerebral Artery Occlusion ◽  
Sensitive Method

The need for sensitive, easy to administer assessments of long-term functional deficits is crucial in pre-clinical stroke research. In the present study, we introduce lickometry (lick microstructure analysis) as a precise method to assess sensorimotor deficits up to 40 days after middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. Impairments in drinking efficiency compared to controls, and a compensatory increase in the number of drinking clusters were observed. This highlights the utility of this easy to administer task in assessing subtle, long-term deficits, which could be likened to oral deficits in patients.

scholarly journals Inflammatory Biomarkers Predictive of Metabolic Syndrome in a Nigerian Population: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-390
Author(s):  
EN Adejumo ◽  
OA Adejumo ◽  
OA Ogundahunsi
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Control Study

Background: Inflammation is linked to the aetiopathogenesis of Metabolic syndrome (MetS). Objective: To assess the ability of high sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP), Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNFα) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) to predict MetS. Methods: A case-control study involving 123 subjects with MetS (cases) and age-matched 123 subjects. without MetS (controls) was conducted. The levels of TNFα, IL-6, and hs-CRP between independent groups were compared. The Receiver Operative Characteristic Curve was used to assess the ability of inflammatory markers to discriminately identify MetS. Results: The mean age of the case and control groups was 49.9±0.9 years and 48.1±1.1 years (p = 0.274) respectively. The median levels of TNFα, IL-6 and hS-CRP were significantly higher among the cases than the control group in both genders (p <0.001). There was a significant increase in the serum values of the markers with increasing components of MetS (p <0.001). The Area Under the Curve of TNFα, IL-6 and hs-CRP was > 0.9 in both males and females. Conclusion: TNFα, IL-6, and hs-CRP identified MetS. There is a need for further studies to determine the inflammatory marker most predictive of MetS.

scholarly journals The Optimal Cutoff Value of D-dimer Levels to Predict in Hospital Mortality in Severe Cases of Coronavirus Disease 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 1561-1564
Author(s):  
Ngakan Ketut Wira Suastika ◽  
Ketut Suega
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Optimal Cutoff ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
Operating Characteristic Curve ◽  
D Dimer

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) can cause coagulation parameters abnormalities such as an increase of D-dimer levels especially in severe cases. The purpose of this study is to determine the differences of D-dimer levels in severe cases of Covid-19 who survived and non-survived and determine the optimal cut-off value of D-dimer levels to predict in-hospital mortality. Method: Data were obtained from confirmed Covid-19 patients who were treated from June to September 2020. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine differences of D-dimer levels in surviving and non-surviving patients. The optimal cut-off value and area under the curve (AUC) of the D-dimer level in predicting mortality were obtained by the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) method. Results: A total of 80 patients were recruited in this study. Levels of D-dimer were significantly higher in non-surviving patients (median 3.346 mg/ml; minimum – maximum: 0.939 – 50.000 mg/ml) compared to surviving patients (median 1.201 mg/ml; minimum – maximum: 0.302 – 29.425 mg/ml), p = 0.012. D-dimer levels higher than 1.500 mg/ml are the optimal cut-off value for predicting mortality in severe cases of Covid-19 with a sensitivity of 80.0%; specificity of 64.3%; and area under the curve of 0.754 (95% CI 0.586 - 0.921; p = 0.010). Conclusions: D-dimer levels can be used as a predictor of mortality in severe cases of Covid-19.

scholarly journals Comprehensive and Integrative Analysis Reveals the Diagnostic, Clinicopathological and Prognostic Significance of Polo-Like Kinase 1 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 925-947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Lin ◽  
Dong-yue Wen ◽  
Yi-wu Dang ◽  
Yun He ◽  
Hong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Operating Characteristic Curve ◽  
Standardized Mean Difference

Background/Aims: Liver cancer has the second highest cancer-related death rate globally and has relatively few targeted therapeutics. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is a fascinating trigger of the cell cycle; however, the still-rudimentary understanding of PLK1 at present is a significant barrier to its clinical applications. Here, we comprehensively clarified the clinicopathological value and potential functions of PLK1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: HCC-related microarrays, RNA-sequencing datasets and published studies were deeply mined and integrated from The Cancer Genome Atlas, Gene Expression Omnibus, ArrayExpress, Oncomine, literature databases, and immunohistochemistry experiments. Meanwhile, the associations between PLK1 expression and its clinicopathological implications and prognostic value in HCC patients were assessed. The standardized mean difference, summary receiver operating characteristic curve and the corresponding area under the curve, hazard ratios, odds ratios (ORs), and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were examined by STATA 12.0. Additionally, several bioinformatics methods were used to identify the potential function of PLK1 in HCC. Results: Comprehensive analyses revealed that PLK1 was significantly increased in HCC (standardized mean difference = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.03–1.65, P < 0.001). The results of diagnostic tests specified that in the summary receiver operating characteristic curve, the area under the curve was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.85–0.90). Furthermore, an elevated PLK1 level significantly predicted unfavorable overall survival (hazard ratio = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.10–2.88, P = 0.019) and was correlated with female gender (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.56–0.95, P = 0.017), tumor thrombus (OR = 3.97, 95% CI: 1.46–10.78, P < 0.001), metastasis (OR = 3.46, 95% CI: 1.33–9.01, P = 0.011), pathologic stage (OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.17–2.07, P = 0.002), Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage (OR = 5.76, 95% CI: 2.17–15.28, P < 0.001) and histologic grade (OR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.12–487, P = 0.024). Through bioinformatics methods, we determined that enhancing the proliferative effect of PLK1 in HCC was associated with a series of hub genes and the activation of the cell cycle pathway. Conclusions: These findings substantiated that PLK1 may be an independent prognostic biomarker in HCC and may facilitate the development of targeted precision oncology.

scholarly journals miR-142-3p as a novel biomarker for predicting poor prognosis in renal cell carcinoma patients after surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiqi Peng ◽  
Xiang Pan ◽  
Kaihao Liu ◽  
Chunduo Zhang ◽  
Liwen Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Receiver Operating

Background: miR-142-3p has proved to be involved in tumorigenesis and the development of renal cell carcinoma. The present study aimed to explore the prognostic value of miR-142-3p. Methods: Total RNA was extracted from renal cell carcinoma specimens and the expression level of miR-142-3p was measured. Pearson Chi-square test, Kaplan–Meier analysis, as well as univariate and multivariate regression analysis were performed to determine the correlation between miR-142-3p and the prognosis of renal cell carcinoma patients. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to evaluate the predictive efficiency of miR-142-3p for the prognosis of renal cell carcinoma patients. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were utilized to validate our findings. Results: Our results demonstrated that upregulation of miR-142-3p was correlated with shorter overall survival (P=0.002) and was, in the meantime, an independent prognostic factor for renal cell carcinoma patients (P=0.002). The receiver operating characteristic curve combining miR-142-3p expression with tumor stage showed an area under the curve of 0.633 (95% confidence interval 0.563, 0.702). The result of TCGA data was consistent with our findings. Conclusions: Our results suggest miR-142-3p expression is correlated with poor prognosis of renal cell carcinoma patients and may serve as a prognostic biomarker in the future.

scholarly journals Accuracy of apparent diffusion coefficients and enhancement ratios on magnetic resonance imaging in differentiating primary cerebral lymphomas from glioblastoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 328-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayan Sirat Maheen Anwar ◽  
Mirza Zain Baig ◽  
Altaf Ali Laghari ◽  
Fatima Mubarak ◽  
Muhammad Shahzad Shamim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Normal Appearing White Matter ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
Patient Subgroups

Background and purposeThis study aimed to determine the accuracy of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and enhancement ratio (ER) in discriminating primary cerebral lymphomas (PCL) and glioblastomas.Materials and methodsCircular regions of interest were randomly placed centrally within the largest solid-enhancing area of all lymphomas and glioblastomas on both post-contrast T1-weighted images and corresponding ADC maps. Regions of interest were also drawn in the contralateral hemisphere to obtain enhancement and ADC values of normal-appearing white matter. This helped us to calculate the ER and ADC ratio.ResultsMean enhancement and ADC (mm2/s) values for PCL were 2220.56 ± 2948.30 and 712.00 ± 137.87, respectively. Mean enhancement and ADC values for glioblastoma were 1537.07 ± 1668.33 and 1037.93 ± 280.52, respectively. Differences in ADC values, ratios and ERs were all statistically significant between the two groups ( p < 0.05). ADC values correctly predicted 71.4% of the lesions as glioblastoma and 83.3% as PCL (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.86 on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis). ADC ratios correctly predicted 85.7% of the lesions as glioblastoma and 100% as PCL (AUC = 0.93). ERs correctly predicted 71.4% of the lesions as glioblastoma and 88.9% as PCL (AUC = 0.92). The combination of ADC ratio and ER correctly predicted 100% tumour type in both patient subgroups.ConclusionsADC values, ADC ratios and ERs may serve as useful variables to distinguish PCL from glioblastoma. The combination of ADC ratio and ER yielded the best results in identification of both patient subgroups.

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