Growth and Observations of Chinese Hamster Seminiferous Epithelium in Vitro

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-205
Author(s):  
D. J. ELLINGSON ◽  
K. T. S. YAO
Keyword(s):  
Cell Formation ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Chinese Hamsters ◽  
Cell Association ◽  
Nuclear Rotation ◽  
Dialysis Membranes ◽  
Germinal Cells

Seminiferous tubules from 1- to 3.5-month-old Chinese hamsters were cultivated under dialysis membranes in Rose chambers. The growth and development of the germinal cells was followed daily with phase-contrast microscopy and time-lapse cinemicrography. Spermatogonia lived for 2 or 3 weeks and underwent frequent mitoses. Spermatocytes in metaphase at culture initiation completed their meiotic division. These cells remained healthy for 3-4 days. Such phenomena as germinal cell/Sertoli cell association, nuclear rotation, multinucleated cell formation and spermatid formation were studied and photographed.

FREE FATTY ACID METABOLISM IN CHINESE HAMSTERS

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Campbell ◽  
G. R. Green
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Spontaneous Diabetes ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Chinese Hamsters

In normal Chinese hamsters (Cricetulus griseus) the mean concentration of free fatty acids (FFA) in serum varied from group to group, but was (i) consistently 4 to 9 times greater than in rats, dogs, or man; (ii) slightly higher than in Syrian hamsters; (iii) two- to four-fold higher than in fasting or alloxan-diabetic rats. The epididymal adipose tissue of the Chinese hamster (i) had initial concentrations of FFA comparable to those in the rat and Syrian hamster; (ii) released, in the same time interval, 8- to 10-fold more FFA in vitro than this tissue of the rat; (iii) had higher concentrations of FFA after incubation than the incubated tissue of the rat. The retroperitoneal (perirenal) adipose tissue of the Chinese hamster was less active in release of fatty acids in vitro than the epididymal, but was, however, more active than the epididymal adipose tissue of the rat. These characteristics of FFA metabolism in the Chinese hamster were apparently attributable to species, not to age, diet, or sex. In the Chinese hamster, the weight of the epididymal adipose tissue per gram of body was relatively high. It appears that in this species the rate of release of fatty acids from adipose tissue is great, leading to high FFA concentrations in serum.In Chinese hamster and rat adipose tissues in vitro, glucose and insulin (separately) reduced the rate of release of FFA and the amount of FFA in the tissues, but glucose and insulin together produced the greatest reductions. The net reduction in FFA release by glucose and insulin in vitro was greater in tissue from the Chinese hamster. Insulin markedly increased glucose uptake by the adipose tissues of both species. The possible relation of the results to spontaneous diabetes in the Chinese hamster is discussed.

CONVERSION OF PROGESTERONE TO ANDROGENS BY NON-FLAGELLATE GERMINAL CELLS ISOLATED FROM SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES OF RAT TESTIS

1974 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. GALENA ◽  
C. TERNER
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Isotonic Saline ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Rat Testis ◽  
Germinal Cells

SUMMARY A method is described for the isolation of non-flagellate germinal cells of the testis. The interstitial cells were removed by submersion of teased seminiferous tubules in distilled water. The interstitial cells exposed to water burst while the germinal cells inside the tubules remained intact. The tubules were then homogenized in isotonic saline and the non-flagellate germinal cells (spermatocytes and young spermatids) were isolated by centrifugation and filtration through a layer of Sephadex G-25 gel. On incubation with progesterone these cells produced 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione, and testosterone. The rate of conversion of progesterone to testosterone in vitro was 0·20 μg/h/109 germinal cells. These results suggest that the non-flagellate germinal cells of the testis may make a significant contribution to the production of androgens.

IN VITRO LEUCOCYTE CULTURES OF SYRIAN AND CHINESE HAMSTERS

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Szajkowski ◽  
M. Ray ◽  
K. L. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Syrian Hamster ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Syrian Hamsters ◽  
Chinese Hamsters ◽  
Mitotic Figures ◽  
Separating Agents ◽  
Made In

An investigation of a variety of different separation procedures and culture conditions was made in order to evaluate the methods for culturing leucocytes in vitro of Syrian and Chinese hamsters. Dextran (6%), human AB serum and fetal calf serum (FCS) were used as separating agents. In the Chinese hamster the best results were obtained with AB serum whereas in the Syrian hamster adequate separation was obtained with all three agents. Supplementation of the culture medium with FCS provided the most favourable conditions for cell survival in culture. Maximal numbers of mitoses were obtained after 4 days of culture at 37 °C with the Syrian hamster (0.5%) and after 5 days with Chinese hamster (0.2%). Leucocytes of Syrian and Chinese hamsters were also cultured following immunization with each of the ABO sera as well as with FCS. Both macro- and micromethods were partially successful. Using the macromethod, no mitoses were observed in the Chinese hamster, but a few in Syrian hamsters immunized with B serum. With the micromethod, mitotic figures were observed in Syrian hamsters immunized with B serum, O serum and FCS, and Chinese hamsters with O serum and FCS. Leucocytes of the Chinese hamster proved difficult to culture successfully by any of the methods used, whereas, with the Syrian hamster, immunization with FCS and culture using micromethod gave the best results.

scholarly journals Stage-related differences in rat seminiferous tubule contractility in vitro and their response to oxytocin

1998 ◽  
Vol 157 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
GC Harris ◽  
HD Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Seminiferous Tubule ◽  
Contractile Activity ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Assisted Analysis

Oxytocin (OT) is present in the mammalian testis and has been shown to play a role in the modulation of seminiferous tubule contractility and steroidogenesis. However, stage-specific effects of the peptide have not been previously investigated. In this study, computer-assisted analysis and time-lapse videomicrography were used to investigate basal contractility and the response to OT of seminiferous tubules at specific stages of the spermatogenic cycle. Adult rat testes were placed in fresh oxygenated DMEM F12 medium, decapsulated, and the tubules gently teased apart. Stages were identified by transillumination and a 10 mm section of tubule at each of stages IV-V, VII-VIII and XIII-I was placed in a microslide chamber and perifused with medium. After a control period of 3 h, OT (2 nM) was given for 1 h, followed by another control period of 1 h. The experiment was repeated using tubules from different rats and data were analysed to give arbitrary units of tubule contractility. Contractility was observed in all the tubules studied and the contractile activity was shown to vary depending on the stage of the spermatogenic cycle. Mean basal contractility at stages VII-VIII, the time when sperm are shed from the epithelium, was significantly lower than that at stages IV-V and XIII-I. The response of the tubules to OT was also stage-dependent, with the peptide producing the largest increases in contractile activity at stages VII-VIII and having no effect at stages IV-V. We postulate that these stage-specific differences in basal and OT-stimulated contractility may be important in co-ordinating the movement of developing germ cells towards the lumen of the seminiferous epithelium and in the process of spermiation.

Ultrastructure of melanocyte-keratinocyte interactions and pigment transfer in vitro

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 650-651
Author(s):  
Raul I. Garcia ◽  
Evelyn A. Flynn ◽  
George Szabo
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Skin Pigmentation ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Pigment Granule ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Lanthanum Tracer ◽  
A Cell

Skin pigmentation in mammals involves the interaction of epidermal melanocytes and keratinocytes in the structural and functional unit known as the Epidermal Melanin Unit. Melanocytes(M) synthesize melanin within specialized membrane-bound organelles, the melanosome or pigment granule. These are subsequently transferred by way of M dendrites to keratinocytes(K) by a mechanism still to be clearly defined. Three different, though not necessarily mutually exclusive, mechanisms of melanosome transfer have been proposed: cytophagocytosis by K of M dendrite tips containing melanosomes, direct injection of melanosomes into the K cytoplasm through a cell-to-cell pore or communicating channel formed by localized fusion of M and K cell membranes, release of melanosomes into the extracellular space(ECS) by exocytosis followed by K uptake using conventional phagocytosis. Variability in methods of transfer has been noted both in vivo and in vitro and there is evidence in support of each transfer mechanism. We Have previously studied M-K interactions in vitro using time-lapse cinemicrography and in vivo at the ultrastructural level using lanthanum tracer and freeze-fracture.

Ultrastructural Changes in Three Different Mammalian Cells Following Ultraviolet Laser Irradiation

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 350-351
Author(s):  
K. Shankar Narayan ◽  
Kailash C. Gupta ◽  
Tohru Okigaki
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Differential Sensitivity ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Ultraviolet Laser

The biological effects of short-wave ultraviolet light has generally been described in terms of changes in cell growth or survival rates and production of chromosomal aberrations. Ultrastructural changes following exposure of cells to ultraviolet light, particularly at 265 nm, have not been reported.We have developed a means of irradiating populations of cells grown in vitro to a monochromatic ultraviolet laser beam at a wavelength of 265 nm based on the method of Johnson. The cell types studies were: i) WI-38, a human diploid fibroblast; ii) CMP, a human adenocarcinoma cell line; and iii) Don C-II, a Chinese hamster fibroblast cell strain. The cells were exposed either in situ or in suspension to the ultraviolet laser (UVL) beam. Irradiated cell populations were studied either "immediately" or following growth for 1-8 days after irradiation.Differential sensitivity, as measured by survival rates were observed in the three cell types studied. Pattern of ultrastructural changes were also different in the three cell types.

Inhibition by Carotenoids and Retinoic Acid of Osteoclast-Like Cell Formation Induced by Bone-Resorbing Agents In Vitro.

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiko ISHIMI ◽  
Mineko OHMURA ◽  
Xinxiang WANG ◽  
Michio YAMAGUCHI ◽  
Sachie IKEGAMI
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Cell Formation

Design, Synthesis, Molecular Docking and Biological Evaluation of 1-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-ylamino)(phenyl)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol Derivatives as Antiproliferative Agents

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 837-845
Author(s):  
Sandhya Jonnala ◽  
Bhaskar Nameta ◽  
Murthy Chavali ◽  
Rajashaker Bantu ◽  
Pallavi Choudante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Mouse Skin ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Binding Mode ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Design Synthesis

A class of 1-((benzo[d]thiazol-2-ylamino)(phenyl)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol derivatives (4a-t) has been synthesized in good yields through a three component coupling reaction. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antiproliferative activity against five cell lines such as DU145 (human prostate cancer), MDA-MB-B231 (human breast cancer), SKOV3 (human ovarian cancer), B16-F10 (mouse skin melanoma) and CHO-K1 (Chinese hamster ovary cells), a noncancerous cell line. In vitro inhibitory activity indicates that compounds 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4g, 4j, and 4o exhibited potent anti-proliferative behavior. Among them, compounds 4g, 4j and 4o found to be the most active members exhibiting remarkable growth inhibitory activity. Molecular docking facilitates to investigate the probable binding mode and key active site interactions in tubulins α and β proteins. The docking results are complementary to experimental results.

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