Serial Sectioning of Refractory Locust Eggs

1964 ◽  
Vol s3-105 (71) ◽  
pp. 379-380
Author(s):  
D. S. ANDERSON
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Picric Acid ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Serial Sectioning

A technique is described for sectioning the yolky tissue of locust eggs. It is a modified version of a method evolved by Griffiths and Carter and successfully used on reptile eggs. The fixative is dioxan saturated with picric acid, with 5% formic acid and 10% formaldehyde. It rapidly penetrates the yolk and minimizes hardening. Dehydration in cellosolve is followed by clearing in benzene. After embedding in wax the block is immersed in 5% tergitol ethane-diol solution, and 12 h later good serial sections are obtained.

scholarly journals Life Sentence: Mollusc Prisoner in Cretaceous Brachiopod Reconstructed in 3D. First Evidence for the Co-Existence of A Mollusc Inside a Living Animal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Bujtor ◽  
Philippe Andrey
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Lateral Wall ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Living Animal ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Serial Sectioning ◽  
Life Sentence

Abstract A tiny shell (7 mm length) of a juvenile Mollusc (supposed gastropod) was discovered enclosed within the packstone filled shell of a terebratellidine brachiopod (Zittelina hofmanni Bujtor and Vörös, 2020) from the Lower Cretaceous Apátvarasd Limestone Formation of Zengővárkony (Mecsek Mountains, South Hungary). Serial sectioning of the brachiopod shell revealed that in addition to the brachidium, a different and unusual shelly structure was preserved inside the brachiopod shell. 2D serial sections were digitalized and fed into Free-D imaging software to generate a 3D reconstruction of the entombed fossil, which is supposed a juvenile gastropod. Consideration of the emplacement, dimensions, and orientation of the shell suggests that it entered the cavity of the living brachiopod shell as an egg or larva and was trapped. Further analysis of both fossils suggests that the two animals lived and developed beside each other for a longer period: the brachiopod crus is less developed and slightly deformed on the gastropod side with the gastropod placed parallel to the crura and the lateral wall of the brachiopod. This example suggests that shells of brachiopods may have provided sheltered microhabitats for benthic micro- and macrofossils not only after the death but even during the life of the host brachiopod. This is the first evidence from the fossil record for the co-existence of a living Mollusc inside the shell of a living brachiopod. This work illustrates how general purpose 3D modelling software initially developed in other disciplines may provide new insights in the wide field of geosciences.

Preparation of serial sections

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 146-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Sandy
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Diamond Wheel ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Serial Sectioning ◽  
Permanent Record ◽  
Glass Slides ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Abrasive Surface ◽  
Saw Blade

Serial sectioning (also referred to as serial grinding) is used to investigate the internal structures of three-dimensional (rock or fossil). In this process series of sections are ground or cut in sequence through a specimen to reveal its internal structures. The specimen is ground down against an abrasive surface (e.g., abrasive powder on a sheet of steel or a rotating diamond wheel on a lathe) or cut with a saw blade. The details of each section can be recorded by drawing or photography. A permanent record of each surface can be made by taking acetate peels and mounting them in glass slides (Wilson and Palmer, this volume, Chapter 13). Serial section information can be digitized and reconstructed in three-dimensions using computer techniques (Chapman, this volume, Chapter 15).

Characterization of Conductive Anodic Filament (Caf) by X-Ray Microtomography and by Serial Sectioning

1993 ◽  
Vol 323 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Stock ◽  
L. L. Dollar ◽  
G. B. Freeman ◽  
W. J. Ready ◽  
L. J. Turbini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Printed Wiring Boards ◽  
Serial Sectioning ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Backscattered Electrons ◽  
Conductive Anodic Filament

ABSTRACTX-ray microtomography is used to nondestructively section printed wiring boards in which conductive anodic filaments (CAFs) had grown, Quantification of the spatial distribution of copper is compared for microtomography and for serial sections obtained in SEM with backscattered electrons. The agreement between the techniques is excellent and indicates that microtomography may be used confidently to follow the subsurface growth of CAFs.

A SERIAL SECTIONING TECHNIQUE FOR MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF COMPLEX CHITINOUS STRUCTURES WITH THE SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE

1977 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-479
Author(s):  
J. J. B. Smith ◽  
W. G. Friend
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Serial Sectioning ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Internal Surfaces ◽  
Conventional Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron

Special techniques are necessary to study the morphology of complex chitinous structures such as insect mouthparts. Many of the details are beyond the resolution of light microscopy, and the methods of conventional electron microscopy do not include the efficient production of serial sections for reconstruction. Although the scanning electron microscope (SEM) permits detailed observation of 3-dimensional surfaces, it cannot see internal surfaces and under complex folds, nor can it readily show the thickness of solid structures. To study the details of the stylet tips of the bug Rhodnius prolixus (Stål) several techniques were tried. Initially, specimens had been embedded in paraffin wax, sectioned, dewaxed, and prepared for the scanning electron microscope. Because of difficulties in sectioning the hard stylets and poor preservation of fine structure, this method was abandoned in favour of one using thick sections (2 μm) of material embedded in a mixture of Epon and Araldite.

The Effect of Viewing Angle on the Appearance of Trilaminar Structures of Desmosomes

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 220-221
Author(s):  
Richard J. Neal ◽  
Joy L. Paulson
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Serial Section ◽  
Viewing Angle ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Serial Sectioning ◽  
Adjacent Section ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Spinous Layer

Examination of desmosomes in the spinous region of the epidermis of human skin reveals that the trilaminar structure, usually associated with desmosomes, is not always observed. Desmosomes were examined utilizing serial sectioning and tilting techniques to determine if the trilaminar structure is consistant throughout the desmosome. Concomitantly, information concerning the size and shape of the spinous layer desmosomes was obtained from examination of serial sections that completely transversed many desmosomes.Figures 1 and 2 are from a serial section series and demonstrate that the trilaminar structure of desmosomes (Dl and D2) can be observed in one section (figure 1) and not observed in an adjacent section (figure 2). Figure 3 thru Figure 6 are micrographs of the same section seen in Figure 2. These micrographs show the effect on the appearance of desmosomes Dl and D2 when they have been tilted about their longitudinal axes 5, 10, 20, and 30 degrees, respectively.

A rotatable 3-D computer reconstruction of paper from light microscopic images of serial-sections

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 640-641
Author(s):  
R. J. Neal ◽  
M. Telljohann
Keyword(s):  
Serial Sections ◽  
Serial Sectioning ◽  
Computer Reconstruction ◽  
Microscopic Images ◽  
Computerized Processing ◽  
Void Structure ◽  
D Model ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Considerable Insight

The utilization of images from serial-sections to build 3-D models has always been a desirable goal of microscopists. This has been a formidable task because of the tedious effort required to obtain suitable microscopic images from properly registered serial-sections, and to build 3-D models from these images. With the advent of computerized imaging capabilities, 3-D modeling has been simplified considerably. It seemed likely, then, that by combining serial-sectioning techniques with computerized processing, a rotatable 3-D model of paper could be generated. Such a model could yield considerable insight into void structure and fiber relationships that relate to the strength and absorption qualities of paper. This data could lead to novel ways of manufacturing paper of improved quality.Small pieces of paper hand-sheets were embedded in plastic and polymerized at 60° overnight. Registration holes (50 μm Dia.) were burned into the block with an Ar laser.

scholarly journals Serial Sectioning via Microtomy (or, How To Get Over 100 Consecutive Serial Sections On One TEM Gird)

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Serial Sections ◽  
Serial Sectioning ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Common Technique

Serial sectioning of TEM blocks is a common technique. The more sections that are desired, the more complex the procedure becomes. Some of the problems faced are staining without losing or obscuring sections, appropriate block trimming, finding the area of interest in the next section, transferring sections to the grid. Here, I relate a set of techniques that permit the microtomist to regularly get over 100 consecutive serial sections on a single slot grid. Much of what is discussed below is not new, but by putting all of these techniques together I believe that a powerful tool for TEM is presented.The first issue that must be addressed is how to stain the sections on the grid without losing sections or obscuring sections with staining artifacts (e.g. lead pepper). The simplest solution is to stain the sample with both uranium and lead prior to embedding and not stain the sections on the grid.

scholarly journals A Fool-Proof Method For Mounting Serial Sections On Single Hole Grids

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 27-28
Author(s):  
Debbie Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
List Type ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Serial Sectioning ◽  
Machine Shop ◽  
Single Hole ◽  
Glass Slides ◽  
Potential Problems

I did serial sectioning for years on large single hole grids using a very simple technique that made the potential problems of film thickness, wrinkles and section loss very minor. I was not the original developer of the method and do not remember who originally gave it to me. It goes as follows:1)Have your machine shop cut some thin pieces of Plexiglas into the size of glass slides. At one end, drill about a dozen holes, roughly 5 mm in diameter, in an area about the size of a formvar film cast on glass slides. These slides will serve as your template for holding your films.

Super-Thin Serial Sectioning for High-Resolution 3-D Reconstruction of Cellular Structures

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 221-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. N. Mastronarde ◽  
M. S. Ladinsky ◽  
J. R. Mcintosh
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Thin Section ◽  
Cellular Structures ◽  
Average Thickness ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Section Thickness ◽  
Serial Sectioning ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
20 Nm

We are developing techniques for obtaining the thinnest possible serial sections of biological specimens. Our goal is to produce not just an occasional very thin section but large numbers of 5-15 nm serial sections suitable for 3-D reconstruction. We have worked out conditions that allow us routinely to cut serial sections ˜15 nm thick, and have achieved ribbons of sections with an average thickness of only 11 nm.We have worked with the Leica Ultracut S and Ultracut UCT microtomes, which have proven to be exceptionally stable instruments, capable of very regular advance between cutting strokes. The resulting low variability in section thickness is essential for serial sections thinner than 15 nm. However, these machines have an inherent forward drift that increases the thickness of sections cut soon after a block has been mounted and prepared for cutting. This drift is initially 50-100 nm/min, but decreases to only 10-20 nm/min if the microtome is allowed to cycle for 0.5—1.5 hours.

scholarly journals Form of the postsynaptic density. A serial section study.

1978 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
R S Cohen ◽  
P Siekevitz
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Serial Section ◽  
Synaptic Vesicles ◽  
Synaptic Cleft ◽  
The Other ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Serial Sectioning ◽  
Presynaptic Membrane ◽  
Synaptic Junction ◽  
Cerebral Cortex Tissue

Through the use of serial sectioning of dog cerebral cortex tissue, holes or perforations could be revealed in the larger postsynaptic densities (PSDs), in confirmation of the earlier work of Peters and Kaisermann-Abramof (1969. Z. Zellforsch. Mikrosk. Anat. 100:487-506). These holes appeared in serial sections which happened to be cut both parallel and normal to the plane of the synaptic junction. Cleft material was absent in that part of the synaptic cleft opposite this hole. Somestimes the presynaptic membrane opposite the hole was indented into the presynaptic cell. In addition, most of the synaptic vesicles in the presynaptic cell close to the membrane were clustered at that part of the membrane opposite the edge of the density disk. The meaning of the hole and of the other features mentioned above for the function of the density is not known at present.

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