Relations between Metachronism and the Direction of Ciliary Beat in Metazoa

1954 ◽  
Vol s3-95 (32) ◽  
pp. 503-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. KNIGHT-JONES
Keyword(s):  
Situs Inversus ◽  
Water Currents ◽  
Large Particles ◽  
Direction Of Movement ◽  
Systematic Group ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Waves ◽  
Metachronal Waves ◽  
Ciliary Beat

In various ciliated epithelia one can distinguish either symplectic, antiplectic, dexioplectic, or laeoplectic metachronal waves, according to whether the effective beat of their cilia is with, against, to the right of, or to the left of, the direction of movement of the waves. In a given epithelium the relation between the direction of the waves and the direction of beat is constant. Symplectic waves are probably associated with the transport of large particles, or viscous masses of mucus; antiplectic and diaplectic waves are better suited for creating water currents. It is unusual to find both dexioplectic and laeoplectic waves in the same animal; indeed, it is the rule for only one of these two types of metachronism to occur throughout a given systematic group. Dexioplectic waves are found in Protochordata, primitive Spiralia, the velum of Eulamellibranchiata, Phoronidea, Brachiopoda, Bdelloidea, and Melicertida; laeoplectic waves are found in Chaetopterus, Mollusca generally, Bryozoa, and Ploima. The incidence of dexioplectic and laeoplectic metachronism is not influenced by morphological reversals of symmetry such as the situs inversus. The relation between the direction of beat and the direction of the waves is therefore probably determined by cytological or stereochemical factors, rather than by gross morphology.

scholarly journals Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in a Patient with Dextrocardia with Situs Inversus

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Kaitlin E. Woods ◽  
J. W. Awori Hayanga ◽  
Daniel Sloyer ◽  
Roy E. Henrickson ◽  
Lawrence M. Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Situs Inversus ◽  
Anesthetic Management ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Bypass Grafting ◽  
Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
The Right

Dextrocardia involves embryologic malformations leading to a right hemithorax heart with rightward apex. Situs inversus encompasses all viscera in mirrored position. A 76-year-old male with dextrocardia with situs inversus presented for coronary artery bypass grafting due to a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction. Management was altered accordingly. Electrocardiography leads and defibrillator pads were reversed. A left internal jugular vein central venous catheter provided direct access to the right atrium. Transesophageal echocardiography confirmation of aortic and venous cannulation required turning the probe right for the right-sided aorta and left for liver visualization, respectively. Proactive surgical and anesthetic management was imperative for the successful and uneventful outcome for this patient.

scholarly journals Large inferior vena cava tumor with cardiac extension revealed by venous thrombembolism in a patient with complete situs inversus: what are the odds?

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Diana-Andreea Roscaneanu ◽  
Ovidiu Mitu ◽  
Daniela Crisu ◽  
Radu-Stefan Miftode ◽  
Mihai Stefan Cristian Haba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Situs Inversus ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Diffi Cult ◽  
Occult Malignancy ◽  
Chiari Syndrome ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
The Right ◽  
Complete Situs Inversus

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) can be the fi rst symptom of an occult malignancy in apparently healthy individual. Inferior vena cava (IVC) tumors are rare conditions but with negative prognosis. We present the case of a 57 year-old male patient, with complete situs inversus, diagnosed with hepatic cirrhotic disease and frequent decompensations, that was hospitalized for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and ascites. Further imagistic investigations revealed a 22 cm tumor inside the IVC with consequent Budd-Chiari syndrome that was actually causing the liver and kidney disease, extending from the infrarenal level to the right atrium. After compensation, the patient was referred to a multidisciplinary surgical team. However, the management of such patients is very diffi cult, and the prognosis is altered. Possible IVC leiomyosarcoma are very rare and such vascular extension has been rarely reported.

scholarly journals Human Emotion Detection using Eeg Sensor

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 409-413
Keyword(s):  
Data Visualization ◽  
Concentration Level ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Emotion Detection ◽  
Attention Span ◽  
Brain Waves ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Waves ◽  
The Brain

This is a data visualization art piece using 10 seconds of mind waves recordings of the human, captured with EEG sensor.10 seconds of Alpha, Beta, Gamma & Theta brain waves while meditating are recorded, the different wave channels are categorized to state when the right brain representing artistic brain activity, isolating the ranges for each channel when the brain channels were more meditating and imaginative. Based on the waves of the brain obtained, we will be able to deduce few attributes such as attention span and mood. The moods we will be trying to assess and display here the level of happiness, sadness, anger along with attention span and meditation level (Concentration level).

Surfing the Waves: Hyper-Fast Computers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlatko Vedral
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Embedded Computer ◽  
Electronic Computers ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Right ◽  
Physical Phenomena ◽  
Microsoft Windows ◽  
The Waves ◽  
The Church ◽  
Basic Level

Who hasn’t heard of a computer? In a society entirely dominated by these transistor infested boxes there are probably only a few remaining isolated tribes in the Amazon or around the Kalahari that have not been affected. From organizing our finances, flying a plane, warming up food, controlling our heartbeat (for some), these devices are prevalent in each and every aspect of our society. Whether we are talking about personal computers, mainframe computers, or the embedded computers that we find in our mobile phones or microwave ovens, it is very hard to even imagine a world without them. The term computer, however, means more than just your average Apple Mac or PC. A computer, at its most basic level, is any object that can take instructions, and perform computations based on those instructions. In this sense computation is not limited to a machine or mechanical apparatus; atomic physical phenomena or living organisms are also perfectly valid forms of computers (and in many cases far more powerful than what we can achieve through current models). We’ll discuss alternative models of computation later in this chapter. Computers come in a variety of shapes and sizes and some are not always identifiable as computers at all (would you consider your fridge a computer?). Some are capable of doing millions of calculations in a single second, while others may take long periods of time to do even the most simple calculations. But theoretically, anything one computer is capable of doing, another computer is also capable of doing. Given the right instructions, and sufficient memory, the computer found in your fridge could, for example, simulate Microsoft Windows. The fact that it might be ridiculous to waste time using the embedded computer in your fridge to do anything other than what it was designed for is irrelevant – the point is that it obeys the same model of computation as every other computer and can therefore – by hook or by crook – eventually achieve the same result. This notion is based on what is now called the Church–Turing thesis (dating back to 1936), a hypothesis about the nature of mechanical calculation devices, such as electronic computers.

scholarly journals What Does It Take to Become a Partner at a Big 4 Accounting Firm? Insights From Singapore’s Experience

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Gary Pan ◽  
Poh-Sun Seow ◽  
Yang Hoong Pang ◽  
Kwong Sin Leong
Keyword(s):  
Role Model ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Accounting Firms ◽  
Leadership Skill ◽  
Accounting Firm ◽  
Big 4 ◽  
Client Relationship ◽  
Asian Context ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Waves

Due to the shift in partner’s identity, there have been growing interests in understanding characteristics, skills and behaviours of accounting partners. Given that Big 4 Accounting firms are supposedly international accounting firms that are organized in similar structures, an interesting question of whether the same partner qualities can be applied in the Big 4 accounting firms for a non-western context such as Asia. As far as we know, no such study has been conducted in an Asian context. We argue this could be of great interest to the Big 4 Accounting firms as Asia is one of their fastest growing regions and it is essential they have partners who are equipped with the right attributes to ride the waves of rapid growth. Accordingly, our research aims to identify the essential attributes of a partner in the Big 4 accounting firms in Singapore.Our data collection involved interviewing 24 partners and ‘partners-to-be’ from the Big 4 Accounting firms in Singapore. From the data, we identified a number of attributes of a partner. Essential attributes include technical expertise, strong client relationship, solid leadership skill, team management skill, a strong sense of integrity and ethics, and good business sense. There are a few ‘good to have’ attributes that include overseas exposure, being IT savvy and having ‘X’ factor. Our study also highlighted that nurturing partner attributes may involve a development process. Mechanisms within the partner development process include having senior partners to be mentor, imitate a role model, sense-making through leadership and wide exposure to clients.

scholarly journals Endoscopic submucosal dissection of early gastric cancer via inverted overtube in a patient with situs inversus totalis: a case report

2018 ◽  
Vol 06 (05) ◽  
pp. E625-E629
Author(s):  
Youichi Miyaoka ◽  
Shinsuke Suemitsu ◽  
Aya Fujiwara ◽  
Satoshi Kotani ◽  
Kosuke Tsukano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Early Gastric Cancer ◽  
Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection ◽  
Situs Inversus ◽  
Gastric Fluid ◽  
Situs Inversus Totalis ◽  
Endoscopic View ◽  
Submucosal Dissection ◽  
The Right ◽  
Lesser Curvature

Abstract Background and study aims A 72-year-old man with complete situs inversus presented with early gastric cancer on the lesser curvature wall of the antrum of the stomach. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was selected as a treatment. When the patient was positioned in the left decubitus position, the lesion was hidden by blood and gastric fluid because it was located on the gravitational side. Therefore, we decided to perform ESD with the patient in the right lateral decubitus position and use an inverted overtube, which provided a good endoscopic view without the need to rearrange the endoscopist, assistants, or endoscopic system. ESD was safe and feasible using the inverted overtube.

Situs Inversus Totalis

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janie Spoon
Keyword(s):  
Situs Inversus ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Situs Inversus Totalis ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
The Body ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Situs Solitus ◽  
The Right

EXTERNALLY, THE HUMAN BODY appears symmetric; if a line is drawn down the middle of the body, each side appears identical. However, this is not true of the internal anatomy. For example, there is one heart, which lies in the left chest, one liver, in the right abdomen, and one stomach, in the left abdomen. The term situs refers to the position or location of an organ, specifically, the position of the atria and abdominal viscera in relation to the midline of the body.1 There are three types of situs: solitus, inversus, and ambiguous. Situs solitus refers to the normal arrangement of organs, with the right atrium, liver, gallbladder, trilobed lung, and inferior vena cava on the right side and the left atrium, stomach, spleen, bilobed lung, and descending aorta on the left side (Figures 1–3). Situs inversus totalis refers to a mirror image reversal of the normal position of the internal organs (Figures 4 and 5). 1 The incidence of situs inversus totalis is 1 in every 8,000 to 25,000 births, and the condition is most often diagnosed by radiographic examination.2Situs ambiguous, often referred to as heterotaxia, is the random arrangement of the internal organs and is associated with splenic abnormalities and congenital heart disease.3 The purpose of this column is to discuss the embryology, pathophysiology, and diagnosis of situs inversus totalis and to review a case study with radiographic findings.

An Early Classical Disc Relief from Melos

1951 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 96-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chr. J. Karouzos
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Classical Style ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Waves

In the islands surprises seem to be as ἀνήριθμοι as the γέλασμα of the waves. If news came from anywhere else of the discovery of a circular marble slab carved with a head in relief, experience would lead the archaeologist to expect a late portrait or one of the so-called oscilla. Not so on Melos: here he finds himself confronted with the splendid head of a goddess carved in the purest Early Classical style.For such in fact is the fragment of a circular marble disc (Plate XXXVII and fig. 1) discovered in 1937 on the slopes of Klema, the site of the ancient town of Melos. It was found lying on the surface of the ground, on the property of Panagioulis Vikhos, to the north-east of Kalyvaki. The distinguished lawyer of Plaka, Mr. N. Kyritses, to whom we must again express our gratitude for having rescued it, readily offered it to the State.The disc is of Parian marble. Its convex obverse is decorated in relief with a head in profile to the right—an unusual subject. The reverse (fig. 2) is flat and smooth. The flat rim joining the two faces is 0·016 m. wide, but at the centre, where it is broken, the disc is 0·073 thick, not counting the height of the relief. The greatest preserved height of the fragment is 0·325 m., the greatest width 0–335.

The Asylum Dilemma—Crisis in the Modern World: A European Perspective

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-110
Author(s):  
Philip Rudge
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Violence ◽  
Concentration Camps ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Acute Distress ◽  
Killing Fields ◽  
The Right ◽  
International Behavior ◽  
The Waves

The dark side of European history, the waves of persecution, the pogroms, and the explosions of political and ethnic violence have produced movements of refugees throughout the period of recorded history. There is nothing new in the phenomenon of forced displacement, of individuals and groups being suddenly uprooted and tragically torn from ties of nationality, of home, of family. One of the marks of social progress in Europe has been precisely the range of responses that have been developed to handle such movements of people, responses that have resulted in a codification of laws and the evolution of international institutions which, particularly in the twentieth century, constitute a remarkable example of internationalism and human solidarity. Such social progress has never been smooth; indeed it is disfigured by historical moments of great cruelty and shame where states have denied asylum to persons in acute distress. Worse, as the experience of Nazi Germany demonstrates, European states of immense sophistication and cultural richness have been capable of unspeakable savagery, which has led to the creation of enormous human displacements within Europe and beyond. Nevertheless, the right of asylum itself has become established as a norm of civilized international behavior in Europe and many millions of persecuted and marginalized people have benefited from it. Many millions more have within their family history an experience of someone who was forced to move, victimized by repression of their race, religion, their nationality, their opinions; and elsewhere, those who perished in ghettos, concentration camps, and unmarked killing fields.

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