A finite element application in the analysis and design of point-supported composite conoidal shell roofs: Suggesting selection guidelines

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
H S Das ◽  
D Chakravorty
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Dynamic Behaviour ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Conical Shells ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Doubly Curved Shells ◽  
Doubly Curved ◽  
Bending Behaviour

In the present paper, a finite element code is applied to study the bending behaviour of point-supported composite conoidal shells. These doubly curved surfaces may look similar to single curved conical shells, but the non-developable conoids present much stiffer surfaces. Laminated composites offer a high strength-to-weight ratio, and composite conoidal shells can cover large column-free areas. These shells on point supports have wide applications in car parks and theatres. Research reports are available regarding the static and dynamic behaviour of composite and isotropic conoidal shells, but with different combinations of simply supported, clamped, and free boundary conditions. Reports on corner-point-supported isotropic rhombic plates and doubly curved shells also exist, but data on the bending behaviour of conoidal shells supported at discrete points only are missing. Hence, in the present paper, three different point-supported boundary conditions are considered with four different laminations, the relative performance of different shell options is studied in detail, and suitable approaches are proposed to choosing the best shell option among many in a practical situation.

Determination of deformation of a highly oriented polymer under three-point bending using finite element analysis

e-Polymers ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Yi-Chang Lee ◽  
Ho Chang ◽  
Ching-Long Wei ◽  
Rahnfong Lee ◽  
Hua-Yi Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Shear Failure ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Oriented Polymer ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Tensile Direction ◽  
Deformation And Failure ◽  
Three Point Bending

AbstractThe molecular chains of a highly oriented polymer lie in the same direction. A highly oriented polymer is an engineering material with a high strength-to-weight ratio and favorable mechanical properties. Such an orthotropic material has biaxially arranged molecular chains that resist stress in the tensile direction, giving it a high commercial value. In this investigation, finite element analysis (FEA) was utilized to elucidate the deformation and failure of a highly oriented polymer. Based on the principles of material mechanics and using the FEA software, Abaqus, a solid model of an I-beam was constructed, and the lengths of this beam were set based on their heights. Three-point bending tests were performed to simulate the properties of the orthotropic highly oriented polymer, yielding results that reveal both tension failure and shear failure. The aspect ratio that most favored the manufacture of an I-beam from highly oriented polymers was obtained; based on this ratio, a die drawing mold can be developed in the future.

scholarly journals Numerical Modeling of GFRP Reinforced Concrete Slabs

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omer R EL Zaroug, John P Forth, Jianqiao YE
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Mechanical Load ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Load Range ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slabs ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Element Program ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer

The use of non-metallic fibre reinforced polymer reinforcement as an alternative to steel reinforcement in concrete is gaining acceptance mainly due to its high corrosion resistance. High strength-to-weight ratio, high stiffness-to-weight ratio and ease of handling and fabrication are added advantages. Other benefits are that they do not influence to magnetic fields and radio frequencies and they are thermally non-conductive. However, the stress-strain relationship for Glass fibre reinforced polymer reinforcement (GFRP) is linear up to rupture when the ultimate strength is reached. Unlike steel reinforcing bars, GFRP rebars do not undergo yield deformation or strain hardening before rupture. Also, GFRP reinforcement possesses a relatively low elastic modulus of elasticity compared with that of steel. As a consequence, for GFRP reinforced sections, larger deflections and crack widths are expected than the ones obtained from equivalent steel reinforced sections for the same load. This investigation provides details of the numerical analysis of GFRP reinforced slabs loaded mechanically using the commercial finite element program (DIANA). To prove the validity of the proposed finite element approach, a comparison is made with experimental test results obtained from full-size slabs. The comparisons are made on the basis of first cracking load, load-deflection response at midspan, cracking patterns, mode of failure and loads at failure. Using the DIANA software for the analysis of GFRP reinforced slabs under mechanical load is possible and can produce acceptable predictions throughout the load range in terms of final load and crack patterns. However, DIANA overestimated the first cracking load and tended to over predict the experimental deflections.  

scholarly journals Finite Element Modelling of Laser Stitch Welding Joints for Structural Dynamic Predictions

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 6556-6567
Author(s):  
M. A. S. Aziz Shah ◽  
M. A. Yunus ◽  
M. N. Abdul Rani ◽  
M. S. Mohd Zin ◽  
W. I. I. Wan Iskandar Mirza
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Dynamic Behaviour ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Shell Element ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Mode Shapes ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Structural Dynamic ◽  
Welded Structure

Laser stitch welding is a joining technique that has been increasingly popular in automotive industries, such as in the manufacturing and assembling of the car’s body-in-white (BiW) due to its advantages over the resistance spot weld, such as low heat application and high strength weld. The dynamic behaviour of a laser stitch welded structure is relatively difficult to predict accurately due to local parameters being induced during the laser welding process, such as heat affected zone (HAZ) and residual stress in the welded structure. This paper presents the idea of modelling the laser stitch weld by investigating different types of element connectors that can be used to represent laser stitch weld, such as rigid body element (RBE2), shell element (CQUAD4), bar element (CBAR) and area contact model (ACM2) format of element connectors. The accuracy of finite element models of laser stitch welded joints is compared in terms of natural frequencies and mode shapes with the experiment counterparts. The dynamic behaviour of the measured structure is obtained by using an impact hammer with free-free boundary conditions. It is found that the accuracy of the finite element models of the laser stitch welded structure highly depends on the involvement of residual stress and the heat affected zones that are generated from the welding process.

Validation of Macroscopic Forming Simulations of a Unidirectional Pre-Impregnated Material through Optical Measurements

2013 ◽  
Vol 554-557 ◽  
pp. 465-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexane Margossian ◽  
François Dumont ◽  
Uwe Beier
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Optical Measurements ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic

Presenting interesting aspects such as a high strength-to-weight ratio, Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic components are frequently used in the aerospace industry. The forming step, which conforms the reinforcement to a specific geometry, is a sensitive phase of the manufacturing process. In order to detect the occurrence of defects prior to any trial, forming methods are often simulated via finite element software. The presented work will detail the simulation validation of a double curved helicopter frame forming out of a unidirectional carbon fibre pre-impregnated material (M21E, Hexcel®). The finite element model was based on an explicit approach at a macroscopic level and developed via the commercially available software Visual-Crash PAM (ESI®) [1]. The validation was carried out on six different preforms. Measurements of the top layers were performed by an enhanced version of a 4D measuring system, originally developed for non-woven fabric [2], able to make reproducible photographic and height measurements (Fig. 1). Experimental results were then compared to simulated ones. Due to material specificities, the photo quality reached for non-crimp fabrics could not be achieved [2]. After hardware and software modifications, measurements and analyses were eventually successfully completed. The validation of the simulation reached an accuracy of 1° to 3° depending on the geometrical features of the preform (Fig. 2).

Design and Analysis of Automotive Multi-Leaf Springs Using Composite Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 372 ◽  
pp. 533-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Suprith ◽  
K. Annamalai ◽  
C.D. Naiju ◽  
Arjun Mahadevan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Commercial Vehicle ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Commercial Vehicles ◽  
Finite Element Approach ◽  
Leaf Springs ◽  
Element Approach ◽  
Solid Works

One of the oldest suspension components that are still in use, especially in commercial vehicles, is leaf springs. Due to high strength to weight ratio, the automobile industries have shown interest in replacing steel springs with composite leaf springs. This work is carried out on multi leaf springs having nine leaves, used in commercial vehicle. A Finite element approach for analysis of a multi leaf springs using ANSYS software is carried out. The model is generated using solid works and imported in ANSYS. The material of the leaf springs is 65Si7 (SUP9), composite leaf springs and hybrid leaf springs. Fatigue analysis of leaf springs is carried out for steel leaf springs, and Static analysis for steel leaf springs, composite leaf springs and hybrid leaf springs.

Finite Element Analysis of Mechanical Behavior of Light-Weight Mobile FRP Bridge

2010 ◽  
Vol 163-167 ◽  
pp. 1995-1998
Author(s):  
Xin Huang ◽  
Zai Gen Mu ◽  
Peng Feng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Superior Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Main Material

As composite materials have advantages of high strength-to-weight ratio and superior corrosion resistance properties, it is used in emergencies in the construction of mobile bridges as the preferred material. However, In contrast to traditional steel or aluminum to the movement of the bridge as the main material, the original bridge forms need to be improved in order to reach the full of FRP material properties. In this paper, to study the domestic light-weight mobile FRP Bridge, the finite element method is used to analysis the mechanical properties of bridge.

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