Imaging of photo-occlusion colour films for quantitative strain and stress analysis

1989 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
L Economikos
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Quantitative Comparison ◽  
Photographic Film ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Strain Fields ◽  
Induced Stress ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Autocorrelation Distance ◽  
Processing Techniques

Digital image analysis and processing techniques have been applied to colour films obtained by a photo-occlusion method to quantitatively describe strain and stress distributions. The objective here is to outline the different colour areas (training areas) on each image accurately and consistently in order for a quantitative comparison of the induced stress on each film to be made based on the size of each colour area. To ensure that the outlined colour areas are uniform in terms of grey levels (isochromatic areas), a statistical analysis was pursued. To ensure consistency of the outline process on each image, an autocorrelation distance was used. The technique described allows direct quantitative judgement of strain fields obtained ‘before’ and ‘after’ treatment. The technique can be applied in any research area where a sequence of isochromatic areas can be recorded on a photographic film.

scholarly journals Manufacturing and Characterization of Hybrid Bulk Voxelated Biomaterials Printed by Digital Anatomy 3D Printing

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Hyeonu Heo ◽  
Yuqi Jin ◽  
David Yang ◽  
Christopher Wier ◽  
Aaron Minard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Soft Matter ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Effective Density ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
3D Printers ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Complex Surgical Procedures ◽  
Digital Anatomy

The advent of 3D digital printers has led to the evolution of realistic anatomical organ shaped structures that are being currently used as experimental models for rehearsing and preparing complex surgical procedures by clinicians. However, the actual material properties are still far from being ideal, which necessitates the need to develop new materials and processing techniques for the next generation of 3D printers optimized for clinical applications. Recently, the voxelated soft matter technique has been introduced to provide a much broader range of materials and a profile much more like the actual organ that can be designed and fabricated voxel by voxel with high precision. For the practical applications of 3D voxelated materials, it is crucial to develop the novel high precision material manufacturing and characterization technique to control the mechanical properties that can be difficult using the conventional methods due to the complexity and the size of the combination of materials. Here we propose the non-destructive ultrasound effective density and bulk modulus imaging to evaluate 3D voxelated materials printed by J750 Digital Anatomy 3D Printer of Stratasys. Our method provides the design map of voxelated materials and substantially broadens the applications of 3D digital printing in the clinical research area.

The Analysis of Reinforcing the Bottom Chord around the Tapped Holes Based on the Thermosetting Resin Composite Materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 531 ◽  
pp. 609-612
Author(s):  
Xue Dong Han ◽  
Li Wei ◽  
Gang Luo ◽  
Li Ping Chang
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Steel Bridge ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Steel Truss Bridge ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Truss Bridge

The intensity of the joint in the bottom chord would affect the quality of the whole bridge because that the force of the bottom-through bridge is transferred mainly through the bottom chord, and the members of the truss connect each other by using the thread. In this paper, the bottom chord around the tapped holes is reinforced by composite material , and the stress on the bottom chord is analyzed before and after the reinforcement using the finite element analysis method, and the stress distributions in the directions of X,Y and Z on every layer of the composite material under the bilateral reinforcing condition are extracted and compared. The results show that: Reinforcing the bottom chord around the tapped holes using the composite material can change the stress level of the bottom chord effectively, helping to improve the quality of the construction of the steel bridge and the effect of the bilateral reinforcing is better than the unilateral reinforcing and providing certain reference for the security of the steel truss bridge

scholarly journals Anatomical Characteristics of Garcinia lucida (Vesque) and Scorodophloeus zenkeri (Harms) Wood and Debarking Response in the South Region Cameroon

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Marie Caroline Momo Solefack ◽  
Hans Beeckman ◽  
Lucie Felicite Temgoua ◽  
Ghislain Kenguem Kinjouo
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Anatomical Changes ◽  
Image Analysis Software ◽  
Conductive Zone ◽  
Before And After

The aim of this work was to investigate the possible anatomical changes of Garcinia lucida and Scorodophloeus zenkeri after the removal of their bark. Debarking was done on individuals of each species at 1.30 m from the soil. The wound was rectangular in shape with 30 cm side. There was a follow-up every three months for nine months during which the survival and rate of regeneration of the bark were recorded. A block of cube was cut from the regenerated and intact wood of species for microtomy and microscopy activities. On the cross-section of each wood, vessel features like density and diameter were measured before and after wounding. Semi-automatic measurements were made using the SpectrumSee digital image analysis software. In the wood of the two species, it appeared that the density of the vessels before debarking was significantly comparable to the density after debarking, while the diameter of vessels in the regenerated wood was smaller. The cambial area increased slightly in the rainy season for all species. After nine months all the species started the restoration of their conductive zone. G. lucida heals its wound more rapidly than S. zenkeri.

scholarly journals How changing API terms changed Instagram's domain? A bibliometric analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Hartman ◽  
Tereza Simova
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Application Programming ◽  
Key Topics ◽  
Media Research ◽  
Social Media Research

In 2018 Facebook blocked a public Application Programming Interfaces (API) that could be used to download data from Facebook and Instagram. Much uncertainty still exists about the effect on social media research due to changes in Instagram API conditions. The presented paper provides an overview of the Instagram domain in terms of a research area. The main focus of this research is on the comparison of the key topics before and after the change of the Instagram API terms (comparing Instagram's research domain before and after 2018). A partial goal was to find out how the change in the conditions of the Instagram API has changed the number of social media research itself. We used a bibliometric approach to map the domain of Instagram. The paper has identified key topics in the domain of Instagram. Between the years 2010 and 2018 the key topics were gender, behavior on social media, dissemination of information, and platform selection. After the change of Instagram API conditions, after 2018, the key topics were gratifications, body image, dissatisfaction, and basic Instagram topics. The paper has found that generally, there was no change in research topics, nor the number of papers published after the Instagram API condition. Further study should focus on establish the relationships between Instagram use and psychological well-being; investigate the motives for Instagram use a study the effect of Instagram API on research with the use of different methods; gaining a better understanding of social media consumer activity; establish whatever our key topics are relevant to other social media platforms (Facebook, Twitter or Tiktok); study Instagram domain on different citation databases (e.g., in Scopus). This paper has also raised important questions about whether the Instagram API should be or should not be open for research purposes.

scholarly journals The Intervention Effects of Acupuncture on Fatigue Induced by Exhaustive Physical Exercises: A Metabolomics Investigation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifeng Ma ◽  
Xia Liu ◽  
Ying Wu ◽  
Naixia Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Acupuncture Treatment ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
Induced Stress ◽  
Choline Metabolism ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Metabolomics Analysis

In this study, the antifatigue effects of acupuncture had been investigated at the metabolic level on the young male athletes with exhaustive physical exercises. After a series of exhaustive physical exercises and a short-term rest, the athletes either were treated with needling acupuncture on selected acupoints (TA group) or enjoyed an extended rest (TR group). NMR-based metabolomics analysis was then applied to depict the metabolic profiles of urine samples, which were collected from the athletes at three time points including the time before exercises, the time before and after the treatment of acupuncture, or taking the extended rest. The results from multivariate statistical analysis indicated that the recoveries of disturbed metabolites in the athletes treated with acupuncture were significantly faster than in those only taking rest. After the treatment with acupuncture, the levels of distinguished metabolites, 2-hydroxybutyrate, 3-hydroxyisovalerate, lactate, pyruvate, citrate, dimethylglycine, choline, glycine, hippurate, and hypoxanthine were recovered at an accelerated speed in the TA group in comparison with the TR group. The above-mentioned results indicated that the acupuncture treatment ameliorated fatigue by backregulating the perturbed energy metabolism, choline metabolism, and attenuating the ROS-induced stress at an accelerated speed, which demonstrated that acupuncture could serve as an alternative fatigue-relieving approach.

scholarly journals Spatial Exploration of Economic Data—Insight into Attitudes of Students towards Interdisciplinary Knowledge

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 421
Author(s):  
Simona Sternad Zabukovšek ◽  
Polona Tominc ◽  
Samo Bobek ◽  
Tjaša Štrukelj
Keyword(s):  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Important Implication ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Interdisciplinary Cooperation ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Interdisciplinary Knowledge ◽  
Students Attitudes

This paper uses the technology acceptance model (TAM) framework for the research of economic and geography students’ attitudes towards interdisciplinary knowledge. Based on the SmartPLS Structural equation modelling SEM variance-based method, research results were gained through analysis of survey data of economic and geography students. They participated in the Spationomy project in the period of 2017–2019. Online questionnaires were fulfilled before and after students’ participation in the project and their future behavioural intention to use interdisciplinary knowledge was analysed. Based on the research, we can confirm that the Spationomy project has achieved its purpose, as both groups of students (economic and geography students) have acquired interdisciplinary knowledge and students intend to use it also in the future. Therefore, we can argue that the students included in the project in practice gained recognition of systems thinking about the importance of mutual interdisciplinary cooperation towards achieving synergies. The results also show that TAM can be successfully implemented to analyse how students of economics and geography accept the use of interdisciplinary knowledge in the learning process, which is an important implication for management and education as well as from the theoretical implications viewpoint. While effective analysis using TAM has been used successfully and relatively frequently in economics and business field, we have not found relevant examples of its implementation in the broader field of geography. However, the acceptance of geographic information system (GIS) or other information technologies/information software (IT/IS) tool-based approaches of analysis in the geography field may be of most importance. Therefore, also, this represents an important implication for the research area.

scholarly journals LOCALIZATION OF β-GALACTOSIDASES AND ACID PHOSPHATASE IN THE SMALL INTESTINAL WALL COMPARISON OF ADULT AND SUCKLING RAT

1969 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 341-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTER NORDSTRÖM ◽  
OTAKAR KOLDOVSKÝ ◽  
ARNE DAHLQVIST
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Quantitative Comparison ◽  
Distribution Profile ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Flat Distribution

By horizontal sectioning of fresh frozen pieces of rat intestinal wall different parts of the villi and crypts were isolated. The sections were collected in groups, homogenized and used for enzyme analyses. Single sections for histologic examination were taken before and after each collection. A quantitative comparison of the distribution of the two intestinal β-galactosidases, EC 3.2.1.23 (neutral and acid β-galactosidase), and the acid phosphatase, EC 3.1.3.2, in jejunum and ileum of adult and suckling (12 days old) rats was performed. The neutral β-galactosidase, which corresponds to the enzyme usually called lactase, was always present along the villi with the highest activities in the apical halves of the villi. This distribution profile is typical for digestion enzymes. The acid β-galactosidase, which is chiefly a heterogalactosidase, and acid phosphatase were found to have a rather flat distribution profile with about the same activities along the villi and in the crypts. The only exception was the ileum of suckling rat, in which especially the acid β-galactosidase showed higher activity in the villi and decreased toward the crypts. The results support the concept that the neutral β-galactosidase is responsible for the digestion of dietary lactose, while the acid β-galactosidase seems to have a different functional significance. That this enzyme is distributed in parallel with the acid phosphatase is consistent with the suggestion that the acid β-galactosidase may be a lysosomal enzyme.

Effect of Induced Stress on Convergent and Divergent Thinking

1969 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 895-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry D. Krop ◽  
Cecilia E. Alegre ◽  
Carl D. Williams
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Motion Picture ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Convergent Thinking ◽  
Motion Picture Film ◽  
Induced Stress ◽  
Control Film ◽  
Intellectual Abilities ◽  
Before And After

Measures of convergent and divergent thinking were obtained from college students before and after the presentation of either a disturbing motion picture film or a benign control film. Induced stress was found to inhibit divergent thinking but to have no effect on convergent thinking. The data suggest that certain intellectual abilities are influenced more readily than others by psychological stress.

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