Laminate Tooling for Injection Moulding

1993 ◽  
Vol 207 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
G R Glozer ◽  
J R Brevick
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Injection Moulding ◽  
New Product ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Injection Mould ◽  
Part Geometry ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Cooling Passage ◽  
First Time ◽  
Production Part

The main goal of this research was to develop a method of prototyping injection moulded parts which produces a representation of the production part, including not only the part shape and functionality but the process as well. A prototyping method that meets all of these requirements could greatly aid in reducing the time required to bring a new product to the market by using the information gained from this prototype to manufacture a production tool that will be right the first time. Tooling constructed of laminations is appealing for prototyping or production because of the flexibility it affords in terms of rapidly altering mould geometry, gating or cooling passage design. This report summarizes a ‘proof of concept’ project which took a selected part geometry through the entire laminate tool manufacturing process. This report is divided into five sections: (1) introduction to the prototyping process, (2) background of current prototyping processes and description of the laminate tooling method, (3) description of the geometry selected for this work and the manufacturing details, (4) evaluation of the performance of the laminate injection mould and (5) conclusions.

scholarly journals Selective laser melting for improving quality characteristics of a prism shaped topology injection mould tool insert for the automotive industry

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622198938
Author(s):  
Mennatallah F El Kashouty ◽  
Allan EW Rennie ◽  
Mootaz Ghazy ◽  
Ahmed Abd El Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Injection Moulding ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Surface Topology ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Injection Mould ◽  
Tool Insert

Manufacturing process constraints and design complexities are the main challenges that face the aftermarket automotive industry. For that reason, recently, selective laser melting (SLM) is being recognised as a viable approach in the fabrication of injection moulding tool inserts. Due to its versatility, SLM technology is capable of producing freeform designs. For the first reported time, in this study SLM is recognized for its novel application in overcoming fabrication complexities for prism shaped topology of a vehicle headlamp’s reflector injection moulding tool insert. Henceforth, performance measures of the SLM-fabricated injection mould tool insert is assessed in comparison to a CNC-milled counterpart to improve quality characteristics. Tests executed and detailed in this paper are divided into two stages; the first stage assesses both fabricated tool inserts in terms of manufacturability; the second stage assesses the functionality of the end-products by measuring the surface roughness, dimensional accuracy and light reflectivity from the vehicle reflectors. The results obtained show that employing SLM technology can offer an effective and efficient alternative to subtractive manufacturing, successfully producing tool inserts with complex surface topology. Significant benefits in terms of surface roughness, dimensional accuracy and product functionality were achieved through the use of SLM technology. it was concluded that the SLM-fabricated inserts products proved to have relatively lower values of surface roughness in comparison to their CNC counterparts.

Manufacturing Process Development for Thin Film Filaments as a New Product

2020 ◽  
pp. 513-522
Author(s):  
Bahadır Tunaboylu ◽  
Biset Toprak ◽  
Ahmet Korhan Binark ◽  
Osman Öztürk ◽  
Selim Zaim
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Process Development ◽  
New Product

scholarly journals Principal Component Gradiometer technique for removal of spacecraft-generated disturbances from magnetic field data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ovidiu Dragoş Constantinescu ◽  
Hans-Ulrich Auster ◽  
Magda Delva ◽  
Olaf Hillenmaier ◽  
Werner Magnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Magnetic Field Data ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Sensor Configuration ◽  
Time Required ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Abstract. In situ measurement of the magnetic field using space borne instruments requires either a magnetically clean platform and/or a very long boom for accommodating magnetometer sensors at a large distance from the spacecraft body. This significantly drives up the costs and time required to build a spacecraft. Here we present an alternative sensor configuration and an algorithm allowing for ulterior removal of the spacecraft generated disturbances from the magnetic field measurements, thus lessening the need for a magnetic cleanliness program and allowing for shorter boom length. The proposed algorithm is applied to the Service Oriented Spacecraft Magnetometer (SOSMAG) onboard the Korean geostationary satellite GeoKompsat-2A (GK2A) which uses for the first time a multi-sensor configuration for onboard data cleaning. The successful elimination of disturbances originating from several sources validates the proposed cleaning technique.

scholarly journals Self-Dividing Micelles: A Mechanistic Look with Evolutionary and Clinical Implications

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-20
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Prebiotic Chemistry ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Mass Spec ◽  
First Time ◽  
Division Mechanism ◽  
Viable Treatment

Micellar therapy has become a usefully viable treatment arm in various fields, ranging from oncology to bioimaging. As such, research leading to any improvements or adaptations in administration and techniques can have far-reaching consequences. Potential aspects of prebiotic chemistry may also be explored in such research as well. To that end, proof-of-concept experiments were performed to elucidate a possible mechanism of action for prebiotic protocell division. Representative potentially prebiotically plausible biomolecules, i.e., a fatty acid, amino acid, and nucleotide were mixed and heated in water and subjected to microscopic examination for observation of possible self-division and laboratory testing for the presence of polypeptides and polynucleotides (Biuret, MALDI mass-spec, etc.) with and without the presence of nucleotide. The results are presented for the first time here and a mechanism is proposed that best fits the data obtained. The evolutionary, e.g., prebiotic biomolecular cooperativity, and clinical, e.g., potential antineoplastic micellar/vesicular therapy, ramifications are discussed as well. Keywords: Micelle; Liposome; Protocell; MRNA; Self-division; Mechanism; Solid tumors

scholarly journals Peningkatan Mutu Proses Pembuatan Cat Solvent dengan Metode Taguchi di PT JI

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Hery Hamdi Azwir ◽  
Mahfud Mufadhol
Keyword(s):  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Process Capability ◽  
Powder Coating ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Control Factors ◽  
Additional Process ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
First Time

In a manufacturing process, quality is not only seen from the final product, but also manufacturing process.  PT JI located in Cikarang is a company that produces paints and powder coating. Currently, the company has problems with 24.16% products that need rework or additional process. To increase productivity, PT JI applies the A3 project that is Right First Time (RFT). RFT is how to create a product with a one-time process and produce a product that has good quality on the first test. The average percentage of total RFT products in September 2016-January 2017 was 75.84%. This result is still below the company target of 80%. This study found the source of problems analyzed the manufacturing process using control chart, process capability, fishbone, and pareto. Taguchi method and ANOVA are applied to improve the design process. The application of the Taguchi Method shows that the factors which influence the value of viscosity quality are number of White Spirit, Number of Genekyd, Total Tio2 (kaolin), and mixing temperature, where each factor has an optimal level of 26.01%, 56.07%, 18.78% and 45oC. Then, it is found that all control factors have significant effect on viscosity value from ANOVA analysis. The application of this Taguchi method increases the process capability to Cp = 1.68 and Cpk = 1.43 from Cp = 0.29 and Cpk = 0.18, as well as an increase in RFT percentage of 5.78% or to 81.62% over the last two months.

Micromechanics-Based Fracture Risk Assessment Using Integrated Probabilistic Damage Tolerance Analysis and Manufacturing Process Models

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Enright ◽  
R. Craig McClung ◽  
Kwai S. Chan ◽  
John McFarland ◽  
Jonathan P. Moody ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Damage Tolerance ◽  
Random Variables ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Tolerance Analysis ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Damage Tolerance Analysis ◽  
Time Required

Materials engineering and damage tolerance assessment have traditionally been performed as disjoint processes involving repeated tests that can ultimately prolong the time required for certification of new materials. Computational advances have been made both in the prediction of material properties and probabilistic damage tolerance analysis, but have been pursued primarily as independent efforts. Integrated computational materials engineering (ICME) has the potential to significantly reduce the time required for development and insertion of new materials in the gas turbine industry. A manufacturing process software tool called DEFORM™ has been linked with a probabilistic damage tolerance analysis (PDTA) software tool called DARWIN® to form a new capability for ICME of gas turbine engine components. DEFORM simulates rotor manufacturing processes including forging, heat treating, and machining to compute residual stress and strain, track anomaly location, and predict microstructure including grain size and orientation. DARWIN integrates finite element stress analysis results, fracture mechanics models, material anomaly data, probability of anomaly detection, and inspection schedules to compute the probability of fracture of a gas turbine engine rotor as a function of operating cycles. Previous papers have focused on probabilistic modeling of residual stresses in DARWIN based on manufacturing process training data from DEFORM. This paper describes recent efforts to extend the probabilistic link between DEFORM and DARWIN to enable modeling of residual strain, average grain size, and ALA (unrecrystalized) grain size as random variables. Gaussian Process modeling is used to estimate the relationship among model responses and material processing parameters. These random variables are applied to microstructure-based fatigue crack nucleation and growth models for use in probabilistic risk assessments. The integrated DARWIN-DEFORM capability is demonstrated for a representative engine disk model which illustrates the influences of manufacturing-induced random variables on component fracture risk. The results provide critical insight regarding the potential benefits of integrating probabilistic computational material processing models with probabilistic damage tolerance-based risk assessment.

scholarly journals Regulostat Inferelator: a novel network biology platform to uncover molecular devices that predetermine cellular response phenotypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (14) ◽  
pp. e82-e82
Author(s):  
Choong Yong Ung ◽  
Mehrab Ghanat Bari ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Jingjing Liang ◽  
Cristina Correia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Response ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Molecular Devices ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Genetic Circuits ◽  
Continuous Response ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
First Time ◽  
Phenotypic Responses

Abstract With the emergence of genome editing technologies and synthetic biology, it is now possible to engineer genetic circuits driving a cell's phenotypic response to a stressor. However, capturing a continuous response, rather than simply a binary ‘on’ or ‘off’ response, remains a bioengineering challenge. No tools currently exist to identify gene candidates responsible for predetermining and fine-tuning cell response phenotypes. To address this gap, we devised a novel Regulostat Inferelator (RSI) algorithm to decipher intrinsic molecular devices or networks that predetermine cellular phenotypic responses. The RSI algorithm is designed to extract gene expression patterns from basal transcriptomic data in order to identify ‘regulostat’ constituent gene pairs, which exhibit rheostat-like mode-of-cooperation capable of fine-tuning cellular response. Our proof-of-concept study provides computational evidence for the existence of regulostats and that these networks predetermine cellular response prior to exposure to a stressor or drug. In addition, our work, for the first time, provides evidence of context-specific, drug–regulostat interactions in predetermining drug response phenotypes in cancer cells. Given RSI-inferred regulostat networks offer insights for prioritizing gene candidates capable of rendering a resistant phenotype sensitive to a given drug, we envision that this tool will be of great value in bioengineering and medicine.

scholarly journals Exploring the utility of robots in exposure studies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Feld-Cook ◽  
Rahul Shome ◽  
Rosemary T. Zaleski ◽  
Krishnan Mohan ◽  
Hristiyan Kourtev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Product Development ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
New Product ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Exposure Model ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Simple Task ◽  
Research Ethics Review ◽  
Exposure Data ◽  
Volatile Organic

AbstractObtaining valid, reliable quantitative exposure data can be a significant challenge for industrial hygienists, exposure scientists, and other health science professionals. In this proof-of-concept study, a robotic platform was programmed to perform a simple task as a plausible alternative to human subjects in exposure studies for generating exposure data. The use of robots offers several advantages over the use of humans. Research can be completed more efficiently and there is no need to recruit, screen, or train volunteers. In addition, robots can perform tasks repeatedly without getting tired allowing for collection of an unlimited number of measurements using different chemicals to assess exposure impacts from formulation changes and new product development. The use of robots also eliminates concerns with intentional human exposures while removing health research ethics review requirements which are time consuming. In this study, a humanoid robot was programmed to paint drywall, while volatile organic compounds were measured in air for comparison to model estimates. The measured air concentrations generally agreed with more advanced exposure model estimates. These findings suggest that robots have potential as a methodology for generating exposure measurements relevant to human activities, but without using human subjects.

scholarly journals Establishing the concept of aza-[3 + 3] annulations using enones as a key expansion of this unified strategy in alkaloid synthesis

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1170-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey I Gerasyuto ◽  
Zhi-Xiong Ma ◽  
Grant S Buchanan ◽  
Richard P Hsung
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Alkaloid Synthesis ◽  
First Time ◽  
Made In

A successful enone version of an intramolecular aza-[3 + 3] annulation reaction is described here. Use of piperidinium trifluoroacetate salt as the catalyst and toluene as the solvent appears to be critical for a successful annulation. We also demonstrated for the first time that microwave irradiation can accelerate aza-[3 + 3] annulation reactions. An attempt to expand the scope of the enone aza-[3 + 3] annulation was made in the form of propyleine synthesis as a proof of concept. While synthesis of the enone annulation precursor was successfully accomplished, the annulation proved to be challenging and was only modestly successful.

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