scholarly journals The Cyclicality of Skill Acquisition: Evidence from Panel Data

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Méndez ◽  
Facundo Sepúlveda
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Quarterly Data ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual

This paper presents new empirical evidence regarding the cyclicality of skill acquisition activities. The paper studies both training and schooling episodes at the individual level using quarterly data from the NLSY79 for a period of 19 years. We find that aggregate schooling is strongly countercyclical, while aggregate training is acyclical. Several training categories, however, behave procyclically. The results also indicate that firm-financed training is procyclical, while training financed through other means is countercyclical; and that the cyclicality of skill acquisition investments depends significantly on the educational level and the employment status of the individual. (JEL E24, E32, I20, J24)

Children’s Height and Parental Unemployment: A Large-Scale Anthropometric Study on Eastern Germany, 1994–2006

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Baten ◽  
Andreas Böhm
Keyword(s):  
Employment Status ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Panel Analysis ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Parental Unemployment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Anthropometric Study

Abstract The average height of children is an indicator of the quality of nutrition and healthcare. In this study, we assess the effect of unemployment and other factors on this variable. In the Eastern German Land of Brandenburg, a dataset of 253,050 preschool height measurements was compiled and complemented with information on parents’ schooling and employment status. Unemployment might have negative psychological effects, with an impact on parental care. Both a panel analysis of districts and an assessment at the individual level yield the result that increasing unemployment, net out-migration and fertility were in fact reducing height.

scholarly journals Unemployment, Trust in Government, and Satisfaction with Democracy: An Empirical Investigation

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 237802311775053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Trust In Government ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Satisfaction With Democracy ◽  
The Impact

Evidence suggests that unemployment negatively affects various aspects of individuals’ lives. The author investigates whether unemployment changes individuals’ political evaluations in the form of trust in government and satisfaction with democracy. While most research in this area operates on the macro level, the author provides individual-level evidence. In doing so, the author investigates the assumed causal link with panel data from Switzerland and the Netherlands. In addition, the author studies the impact on life satisfaction, a “control outcome,” known to be affected by unemployment. Although there is strong evidence that changes in employment status do affect life satisfaction, effects on trust in government and satisfaction with democracy seem mostly absent or negligible in size.

scholarly journals A influência do Gestor e sua Ação Frente ao Risco no Processo de Internacionalização: Uma Meta-Síntese

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-300
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Ribeiro Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Adriana Roseli Wunsch Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Organizational Development ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Internationalization Process ◽  
Strategic Choices ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Qualitative Case Studies ◽  
Cognitive Characteristics ◽  
The Individual

Purpose: The objective is to understand how the manager's behavior and action in relation to risk influence and shape the internationalization processes.Methodology/Approach: A meta-synthesis study of qualitative case studies was carried out jointly involving the manager's influence and the action in relation to risk.Originality/Value: The literature recognizes that the different relationships established with risk can cause managers to overestimate or underestimate situations. However, there is little empirical evidence of how the manager's behavior in these situations changes his strategic choices and background, and a study emphasizing the individual level is significant.Findings: It can be said that the manager and his background influence the involvement and organizational development throughout the internationalization process. It is still possible to highlight that there is a predecessor to risk action, which is the perception of risks. In addition, it appears that the cognitive characteristics of these managers must also be considered when analyzing their perception of risks.Theoretical/Methodological contributions: As a contribution to the research, it is suggested that the manager's action in relation to risk is complemented by his/her perception of risk. It is believed that with this perspective of risk perception, research in the area can expand the theoretical scope of explanation, where this perception presents itself as a predecessor and a frame for future decisions and actions.

scholarly journals The Developmental Trajectories of Calling: Predictors and Outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelangelo Vianello ◽  
Elisa Maria Galliani ◽  
Anna Dalla Rosa ◽  
Pasquale Anselmi
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Developmental Model ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Third ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
The Individual

There are many open questions concerning the development of calling, and longitudinal empirical evidence is limited. We know that a calling is associated with many beneficial outcomes, but we do not know how it changes through time and what predicts these changes. Previous studies have shown that calling is relatively stable at the sample level. We show that, at the individual level, calling shows huge variations through time. We identified nine developmental trajectories that are typical across facets of calling, and we found evidence that the development of a calling is fostered by the extent to which individuals have lived it out. We also observed that the more a calling has grown over a 2-year period, the more it is lived out during the third year. These results provide support for a developmental model of calling according to which having a calling and living it out reciprocally influence each other. The practical and theoretical implications of these results are discussed.

scholarly journals Sustainable Debt Policies of Indian State Governments

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.S. Renjith ◽  
K.R. Shanmugam
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Panel Data Estimation ◽  
Sustainability Issue ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Debt Policies

This study analyses the public debt sustainability issue of 20 major Indian states using the Bohn framework for panel data from 2005–2006 to 2014–2015. It employs regular panel data estimation procedures and the penalized spline (p-spline) technique. The results indicate that the primary balance of state governments responds positively to high public debt, so debt policies are successful in sustaining the debt situation of Indian states as a whole. However, at the individual level, debt is sustainable only in 12 states; in 8 states, debt is unsustainable and so these states require corrective action. These findings may be useful to policymakers and other stakeholders to formulate appropriate strategies to improve the debt situation of Indian states. JEL Classification: E62, H63, H72, H740

scholarly journals The Influence of Developmental Idealism on Marital Attitudes, Expectations, and Timing

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (17) ◽  
pp. 2359-2388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keera Allendorf ◽  
Arland Thornton ◽  
Colter Mitchell ◽  
Linda Young-DeMarco
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Young People ◽  
Recent Theory ◽  
Marital Attitudes ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Family Behavior ◽  
Beliefs And Values ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Developmental Idealism

Recent theory suggests that developmental idealism (DI) is an important source of variation and change in family behavior, yet this suggestion is largely untested at the individual level. This study examines the influence of DI beliefs and values on individuals’ entrance into marriage. We hypothesize that when individuals and their parents endorse DI, they enter into marriage later or more slowly. We also hypothesize that two pathways connecting DI to marriage are the instillation of older timing attitudes and expectations of marrying at older ages. We test these hypotheses using panel data collected in Nepal from 2008 to 2014. When young people and their parents endorsed DI, the young people valued older ages at marriage and expected to marry later. Young people’s own DI endorsement also delayed their entrance into marriage, but parents’ DI did not.

The absorptive capacity process: an exposition and update

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Susilo Lukito-Budi ◽  
Nurul Indarti ◽  
Kusdhianto Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Cognitive Learning ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Process Step ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderating Variables ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Wald Tests ◽  
The Individual

PurposeThis study investigates the development of absorptive capacity. Using an integrated cognitive learning perspective, this study provides empirical evidence about the conceptual absorptive capacity model through examining the full process step by step. Two groups of moderating variables were studied—namely, social integration and appropriability—to examine their impact on the process.Design/methodology/approachThis study employed a longitudinal study from a community service program (Kuliah Kerja Nyata) at Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, by using surveys at the beginning and the end of the project. Of 492 teams from 2,444 students participated in the study. Each individual within a team had at least one project assigned to him/her during the project. The absorptive capacity process was examined through six consecutive models and analysed using hierarchical linear modelling. The moderating variables were tested using the Moderated Regression Analysis and Wald tests.FindingsThe study confirms the full cycle of absorptive capacity as an independent, dynamic and complex process; it involves acquiring, assimilating, transforming and exploiting sequencing variables from the individual level to the team level and vice versa using feed-forward and feedback mechanisms adopted from the 4I framework of organisational learning. However, the roles of the moderating variables are still inconclusive due to some possible factors, which were also reflected by the U-phenomenon.Originality/valueThis study provides vital support to the learning theory as well as to the organisation learning concept. This study also reveals empirical evidence about the unsupported moderating variables behave during a project cycle, such as what they function, how they evolve and what we should do about the moderating factors during a project. The findings of this study provide practical suggestions and highlight areas for future research.

War Deaths Can Increase Support for Incumbents

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Peter John Loewen ◽  
Daniel Rubenson
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Conservative Party ◽  
District Level ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
General Elections ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Election Studies ◽  
Effects Of War

Abstract War comes with terrible costs both in terms of money and lives. Do voters punish incumbents for these costs? Much of the existing literature on the effects of war deaths on public opinion toward incumbents and their war efforts suggests that the answer is yes. We test this proposition on data from a non-US case: Canada's war in Afghanistan. We estimate models of the effect of local war deaths on incumbent support using individual-level panel data from the 2006, 2008 and 2011 Canadian Election Studies and aggregate district-level data from the 2008 and 2011 general elections. In none of our models do we find support for the conclusion that war deaths decrease support for candidates of the governing party. Instead, we find evidence at both the individual and district levels that support for Conservative party candidates is higher in districts that experienced war deaths.

Do Francophone and Islamic schooling communities participate differently? Disaggregating parents' political behaviour in Mali

2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaimie Bleck
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Literature ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Social Service ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Electoral Politics ◽  
Political Behaviour ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Original Survey ◽  
The Individual

ABSTRACTDespite strong empirical evidence of the influence of religious brokers on political mobilisation in Africa, we know very little about the individual-level relationship between religious association and political behaviour. Drawing upon an emerging comparative literature on the effect of social service provision on political participation, this article asks whether Malian consumers of Islamic schooling are as likely to seize new democratic opportunities for electoral participation as their peers who send their children to public schools. Using an original survey of 1,000 citizens, exit polling and interviews, this analysis demonstrates that parents who enrol their children in madrasas are less likely than other respondents to report voting. Conversely, parents who send their children to public schools are more likely to participate in electoral politics.

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