The International Telecommunication Union's Report on Telemedicine and Developing Countries

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Wright
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
International Telecommunication ◽  
Extensive Survey ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Guidelines And Recommendations

This paper reviews some of the main conclusions and recommendations from the Report on Telemedicine and Developing Countries, which was prepared for the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The report is the result of three years’ effort by a group of experts in telecommunications and telemedicine from around the world. It provides an extensive survey of the telemedicine experience of various countries. It discusses the different types and applications of telemedicine, the technologies used, costs and benefits, trends, prospects for global standards, and provides guidelines and recommendations to developing countries for implementation of telemedicine services. The ITU study group which prepared the report is expected to begin some new tasks in 1998, including the identification of a set of pilot telemedicine projects for developing countries.

scholarly journals THE CURRENT STATE AND TRENDS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL TELE-RADIO BROADCASTING SYSTEMS IN THE WORLD

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Virgilio Mateus Joao dos Santos ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Current Trend ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Analog To Digital ◽  
International Telecommunication ◽  
Satellite Broadcasting ◽  
Current State ◽  
Radio Broadcasting ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
The World

The object of the research is to make an analysis of the current state of the digital tele-broadcasting systems in the world and the transition trends from analogue to digital systems recommended by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-R) for use in this area are considered. Therefore, the current trend of global transition to digital tele-broadcasting is due not only to the lack of a frequency resource, but also to society’s growing demands for up-to-date information, the need to introduce common global standards and systems for broadcasting systems. expansion of digital tele-broadcasting in the context of globalization, as well as the presence of this transmission technology. In this work, he is dedicated to considering the sustainable development trends of digital satellite broadcasting in the world in the phase of migration from analog to digital technologies in this area. In the final part, the results obtained based on the research and analysis made in recommendations and in the ITU-R database are presented.

Telemedicine delivery to developing countries

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 76-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Wright
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Pilot Projects ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
International Telecommunication

This paper highlights current activities with regard to telemedicine activities in and for developing countries. The paper reviews: the preparation of a telemedicine report by a study group of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the aim of which is to provide recommendations and guidelines for developing countries; the formation of the European Telemedicine Collaboration Group (ETCG), which is undertaking telemedicine pilot projects in developing countries; and telemedicine delivery via Inmarsat, which is coordinating production of the ITU report and is a participant in the ETCG.

scholarly journals Geostationary Belt – State’s Territory or Province of Mankind?

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-178
Author(s):  
Rafał Kopeć
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Space Exploration ◽  
Outer Space ◽  
Geostationary Orbit ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
International Telecommunication ◽  
Space Law ◽  
Special Area ◽  
The Subject ◽  
State Of Affairs

Abstract The geostationary orbit is a special area in outer space. Because of its distinctive characteristics, it has constantly been the subject of economic and political desirability. Space powers, taking advantage of their technological superiority and rules applied by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) retained a privileged position. Developing countries, responding to this state of affairs, have taken a number of measures to improve their positions. Some of them posed a challenge to the main regulation of space law (Bogota declaration was an attempt to exercise a national sovereignty over the segments of the geostationary orbit), some are based on the use of the legal gaps in ITU regulations. Given these circumstances, the specific case of geostationary belt contributes to the debate on the regulations governing space exploration.

scholarly journals A Review on Epilepsy and its Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-279
Author(s):  
V.V. Potnis ◽  
Ketan G. Albhar ◽  
Pritamsinh Arjun Nanaware ◽  
Vishal S. Pote
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Brain Infection ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
The Brain

Today, people face various types of stress in everyday fast life and most people in the world suffer from various neurological disorder. Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders of the brain, affecting about 50 million people around the world, and 90% of them are coming from developing countries. Genetic factors and brain infection, stroke, tumors and epilepsy cause high fever. It imposes a great economic burden on the health systems of countries associated with stigma and discrimination against the patient and also his family in the community, in the workplace, school and home. Many patients with epilepsy suffer from severe emotional stress, behavioral disorders and extreme social isolation. There are many different types of seizure and mechanisms by which the brain generates seizures. The two features of generating seizures are hyperexcitability of neurons and a hyper synchronousneural circuits. A variety of mechanisms alters the balance between excitation and inhibition in predisposing brain local or generalized hyperexcitability region and a hypersynchronia. Purpose of the review is to discuss the history, epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, classification of epilepsy, symtomps, diagnosis, management of epilepsy and future trends. Keywords: Anti-epileptic drugs, pathophysiology, seizures, epidemiology, hypersynchrony

scholarly journals Methodology of Index Analysis of the Information Society Development Level

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
O. S. Korepanov
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
Development Index ◽  
International Telecommunication ◽  
The World ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Ict Development

The purpose of the article is to analyze changes in methodological approaches to calculating the indexes of information and communication technologies development (ICT) proposed by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The article analyzes the process of development of ICT and the transformation of territories towards the formation of an information society, examines three main stages in evolution of the information society, which are in line with the structure of the ICT Development Index (IDI). An international methodology for calculating the ICT development index is based on three sub-indexes: access to ICT, use of ICT and practical ICT skills developed by the ITU in 2010. The basic indices of aggregate sub-indexes, their nominal values and the methodology for calculating the ICT Development Index are presented in the annual reports of the ITU “Measuring the Information Society” 2009–2017. The article also analyzes the significance of the ICT development indexes and the corresponding sub-indexes for the countries of the world, which ranked among the top ten leaders by the corresponding rating. A comparative analysis of the IDI values of Ukraine and Iceland, one of the leading countries by IDI-2016 level, is made; the corresponding diagram is constructed on the basis of the statistical indicators used for the calculation and the corresponding sub-indexes. The dynamics of changes of IDI basic statistical characteristics by region of the world in 2012-2017 is analyzed. The changes to the IDI calculation methodology of 2018, proposed by the specialized international expert groups, are analyzed. The proposed changes relate to a set of metrics that should be additionally included in the IDI instead of a few excluded. The analysis of changes in methodological approaches to the calculation of IDI shows significant differences in the ICT development by geographical region of the world. There are also significant fluctuations in the experience of individual countries within each region.

Space wavelengths will be contested globally

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
Content Type ◽  
International Telecommunication ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

Subject Implications of the WRC-15 meeting on space. Significance The latest meeting of the UN International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-15), closed on November 27. The WRC-15 set out the basic principles for allocating international communications spectra for the next four years, affecting telecommunications operators in 193 member states. It also responded to growing demands for satellite-based airliner flight tracking. However, a number of uncertainties affecting some aspects of space-based communications, including Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) control systems, were not resolved. Impacts The ITU-led international regime will come under increasing pressure from commercial interests. It will also face challenges from political interests dissatisfied with the status quo. As a result the ITU system will struggle to maintain consensus on space-related issues.

International Telecommunication Union

1962 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 631-632
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
International Telecommunication ◽  
Financial Regulations ◽  
Traditional Work

The sixteenth session of the Administrative Council of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) was held in Geneva from April 22 to May 20, 1961, under the chairmanship of Mr. Vladimir Senk (Yugoslavia). Mr. Šenk spoke of some of the more important matters which the sixteenth session would have to discuss. He stressed that as the Union came to include more developing countries, technical assistance became increasingly important. He pointed out that, in addition to the help of experts and assistance in the training of their staff, these countries needed aid in obtaining essential materials for the development of their telecommunication networks. He stated that technical assistance in all its forms has gradually become a part of the traditional work of the Union. Turning to financial matters, Mr. Šenk mentioned that it would be necessary to revise the financial regulations of the union.

International Telecommunication Union

1950 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-136 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Consultative Committee ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
International Telecommunication ◽  
The World ◽  
European System

International Telegraph and Telephone Conference: The International Telegraph and Telephone Conference was held in Paris from May 23 to August 4, 1949 to amend the regulations drawn up at Cairo in 1938. In addition the conference considered questions referred to it by the International Telegraph Consultative Committee. Attention was concentrated on two items: unification of categories of telegrams; and tariff principles. The number of categories of telegrams was reduced from five to three, and all member countries were granted freedom to fix their own terminal and transit rates, as the conference abolished the Cairo regulation which had imposed restrictive rates for countries in the European system in their relations with countries in the extra-European system. The conference devised rules and a method of calculating rentals applicable to the joint use of circuits operated by start-stop apparatus in the European civil aviation system. The telephone regulations devised applied only to countries within the European system, whereas the telegraphy regulations were applicable throughout the world.

Final Acts of the World Conference on International Telecommunications

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 843-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Fidler
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
World Conference ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
International Telecommunication ◽  
International Telecommunications ◽  
The World ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Telecommunications Law ◽  
The Impact

On December 14, 2012, member states of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) approved the Final Acts of the World Conference on International Telecommunications. The ITU is the specialized agency of the United Nations fostering cooperation on information and communication technologies, and, through world conferences, it periodically revises the International Telecommunication Regulations (ITRs), a treaty the ITU adopted in 1988 However, in December 2012, the Final Acts, the manner in which they were approved, and the World Conference proved controversial, and these controversies will adversely affect the impact of the Final Acts and the revised ITRs on international telecommunications law.

scholarly journals Negotiating International Communications: Structure and Infrastructure

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula M. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
World Trade Organization ◽  
World Trade ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
Group Of Seven ◽  
International Telecommunication ◽  
International Telecommunications ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The World ◽  
Telecommunications Services ◽  
Or Organization

Abstract: Negotiations in international telecommunications policy are characterized by a myriad of structures as well as new emerging actors ranging from bilateral framework talks between nation states and corporations, plurilateral and regional talks by the Group of Seven or Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries, as well as multilaterally at the International Telecommunication Union and within the World Trade Organization (former GATT) context. This paper highlights particular developments within the World Trade Organization in the area of telecommunications services while underscoring their relevance to the concept of "universal service.'' A further effort is made to examine the nature of competition as well as to draw attention to the need to re-think the decision-making structures within the international telecommunications regime if we are to achieve the purported goal of a truly "Global Information Infrastructure.''

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