Radioproteomics in patients with ovarian cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 20201331
Author(s):  
Cathal McCague ◽  
Lucian Beer
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Profile ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Serous Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Future Direction

Radioproteomics is the integration of proteomics, the systematic study of the protein expression of an organism, with radiomics, the extraction and analysis of large numbers of quantitative features from medical images. This article examines this developing field, and it’s application in high grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Seminal proteomic studies in the area of ovarian cancer, such as the PROVAR and CPTA studies are discussed, along side recent research, such as that highlighting the central role of methyltransferase nicotinamide N-methyltransferase as the metabolic regulation of cancer progression in the tumour stroma. Finally, this article considers a novel, hypothesis generating approach to integrate CT-based qualitative and radiomic features with proteomic analysis, and the future direction of the field. Combined advances in radiomic, proteomic and genomic analysis has the potential to signal the age of true precision medicine, where treatment is centered specifically on the molecular profile of the tumour, rather than based on empirical knowledge, thus altering the course of a disease that has the highest mortality of all cancers of the female reproductive system.

Abstract 4511: The role of Wnt5a signaling pathway in epithelial ovarian cancer progression

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa Asem ◽  
Allison Young ◽  
Carlysa Oyama ◽  
Rebecca Burkhalter ◽  
Steven Buechler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Cancer Progression

scholarly journals Vascular endothelial growth factor correlation with clinicopathological parameters in ovarian cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1700
Author(s):  
Mahy Egiz ◽  
Alaa Masoud ◽  
Hamed Ellakwa ◽  
Mohamed Adel Elsayed
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Variable Parameters ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is one of the most lethal gynaecologic malignancies with an increasing incidence worldwide; there is an increasing need for the identification of novel prognostic biomarkers in EOC patients. Given the key role of angiogenesis and growth factors in the biology of tumorigenesis, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is considered a milestone in the process of ovarian cancer progression and invasiveness. Authors aimed in the present study to evaluate the relevance of serum level of VEGF with clinicopathological parameters in patients with EOC. VEGF is reported to be correlated with variable parameters in EOC patients including International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) classification, lymph nodal involvement and ascites formation. In the following review, authors discussed these correlations and distinguished the possible future role of VEGF as a promising prognostic biomarker for EOC patients.

scholarly journals The Intersection of Purine and Mitochondrial Metabolism in Cancer

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2603
Author(s):  
Humberto De Vitto ◽  
Danushka B. Arachchige ◽  
Brian C. Richardson ◽  
Jarrod B. French
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Mitochondrial Metabolism ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
Purines And Pyrimidines

Nucleotides are essential to cell growth and survival, providing cells with building blocks for DNA and RNA, energy carriers, and cofactors. Mitochondria have a critical role in the production of intracellular ATP and participate in the generation of intermediates necessary for biosynthesis of macromolecules such as purines and pyrimidines. In this review, we highlight the role of purine and mitochondrial metabolism in cancer and how their intersection influences cancer progression, especially in ovarian cancer. Additionally, we address the importance of metabolic rewiring in cancer and how the evolving landscape of purine synthesis and mitochondria inhibitors can be potentially exploited for cancer treatment.

Role of serine protease HtrA1 in ovarian cancer progression and metastasis

2007 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-364
Author(s):  
G ALETTI ◽  
J CHIEN ◽  
W CLIBY ◽  
V SHRIDHAR
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Serine Protease ◽  
Cancer Progression

scholarly journals Metalloproteinases in Ovarian Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3403
Author(s):  
Preston Carey ◽  
Ethan Low ◽  
Elizabeth Harper ◽  
M. Sharon Stack
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Interaction Stress

Proteases play a crucial role in the progression and metastasis of ovarian cancer. Pericellular protein degradation and fragmentation along with remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is accomplished by numerous proteases that are present in the ovarian tumor microenvironment. Several proteolytic processes have been linked to cancer progression, particularly those facilitated by the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family. These proteases have been linked to enhanced migratory ability, extracellular matrix breakdown, and development of support systems for tumors. Several studies have reported the direct involvement of MMPs with ovarian cancer, as well as their mechanisms of action in the tumor microenvironment. MMPs play a key role in upregulating transcription factors, as well as the breakdown of structural proteins like collagen. Proteolytic mechanisms have been shown to enhance the ability of ovarian cancer cells to migrate and adhere to secondary sites allowing for efficient metastasis. Furthermore, angiogenesis for tumor growth and development of metastatic implants is influenced by upregulation of certain proteases, including MMPs. While proteases are produced normally in vivo, they can be upregulated by cancer-associated mutations, tumor–microenvironment interaction, stress-induced catecholamine production, and age-related pathologies. This review outlines the important role of proteases throughout ovarian cancer progression and metastasis.

scholarly journals New insights into the role of PTCH1 protein in serous ovarian carcinomas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Karin-Kujundzic ◽  
Adriana Covarrubias-Pinto ◽  
Anita Skrtic ◽  
Semir Vranic ◽  
Ljiljana Serman
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Tumor Promoter ◽  
Protein Expression Level ◽  
Ovarian Carcinomas ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Serous Ovarian Carcinoma

Abstract Background The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is essential for normal embryonic development, while its hyperactivation in adult organism is associated with development of various cancers, including ovarian cancer. The role of the Hh signaling pathway in ovarian cancer, as well as in certain histological subtypes of ovarian cancer, is poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated the role of PTCH1 protein and changes in the promoter methylation status of the corresponding gene, in a cohort of low- (LGSC) and high-grade (HGSC) serous ovarian carcinomas and HGSC cell lines (OVCAR5, OVCAR8 and OVSAHO). Methods PTCH1 protein expression level was analyzed using immunohistochemistry in tissue samples, and by immunofluorescence and Western blot in cell lines. DNA methylation pattern of PTCH1 gene were analyzed by methylation-specific PCR (MSP). Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare differences in expression of PTCH1 protein among ovarian tumor samples compared with normal tissue samples, while Spearman’s correlation was used to test the association between DNA promoter methylation of the PTCH1 gene and expression of the corresponding protein. Results PTCH1 protein expression level was significantly higher in HGSCs and LGSCs compared with control tissues (healthy ovaries and fallopian tubes). Similarly, cancer cell lines exhibited significantly higher PTCH1 protein expression in comparison with normal fallopian tube non-ciliated epithelium cell line (FNE1). Nuclear localization of the PTCH1 protein in tumor tissue and cultured tumor cells suggests that this protein could play an active tumor promoter role in the nuclei of serous ovarian carcinoma cells. PTCH1 protein fragments of different molecular weights were detected in the cell lines, indicating possible proteolytic cleavage of this protein, resulting in the generation of soluble N-terminal fragments that are translocated to the nucleus. DNA methylation of the PTCH1 gene promoter was not in line with the expression level of this protein, suggesting that possibly other mechanisms, either epigenetic or posttranslational, regulate PTCH1 gene expression and protein level in serous ovarian carcinomas. Conclusions Our results indicate that PTCH1 protein could play an active tumor promoter role in the pathogenesis of serous ovarian carcinoma.

scholarly journals Abstract 6116: Role of secretory factors from obese-derived omentum in supporting ovarian cancer progression

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Waters ◽  
Mikella Robinson ◽  
Samuel F. Gilbert ◽  
Logan J. Alexander ◽  
Carrie D. House
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression
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