Using Sequence Analysis to Identify Conversational Motifs in Supportive Interactions

This study demonstrates how sequence analysis, which is a method for identifying common patterns in categorical time series data, illuminates the nonlinear dynamics of dyadic conversations by describing chains of behavior that shift categorically, rather than incrementally. When applied to interpersonal interactions, sequence analysis supports the identification of conversational motifs, which can be used to test hypotheses linking patterns of interaction to conversational antecedents or outcomes. As an illustrative example, this study evaluated 285 conversations involving stranger, friend, and dating dyads in which one partner, the discloser, communicated about a source of stress to a partner in the role of listener. Using sequence analysis, we identified three five-turn supportive conversational motifs that had also emerged in a previous study of stranger dyads: discloser problem description, discloser problem processing, and listener-focused dialogue. We also observed a new, fourth motif: listener-focused, discloser questioning. Tests of hypotheses linking the prevalence and timing of particular motifs to the problem discloser’s emotional improvement and perceptions of support quality, as moderated by the discloser’s pre-interaction stress, offered a partial replication of previous findings. The discussion highlights the value of using sequence analysis to illuminate dynamic patterns in dyadic interactions.

CONTACT INTERACTION OF A TORSION SHAFT WITH A SPLINED BUSH IN ELASTICALLY PLASTIC DEFORMATIONS

Torsion shafts are the main elastic element of the suspension systems of a large number of vehicles. To simulate their reaction to the action of torque, the stress-strain state is analyzed taking into account the contact interaction with the spline sleeve. The features of the distribution of contact pressure between these bodies are established. The nature of stress concentration in the splined hollows of the shaft head is determined. Models and research methods have been developed that make it possible to develop recommendations for design decisions in the design of vehicle suspension systems. The factors are determined that ensure the strength of the torsion shaft at the values of its head diameters close to the diameters of the torsion shaft stem. In the case under consideration, this factor is firstly strength of the torsion shaft head. In particular, it was found that during manufacturing operations there are significant plastic deformations and contact loads in the heads of torsion shafts. This factor is decisive in substantiating the design parameters of torsion shafts. Keywords: torsion shaft; contact interaction; stress-strain state; elastically plastic deformation; suspension system

Metalloproteinases in Ovarian Cancer

Proteases play a crucial role in the progression and metastasis of ovarian cancer. Pericellular protein degradation and fragmentation along with remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is accomplished by numerous proteases that are present in the ovarian tumor microenvironment. Several proteolytic processes have been linked to cancer progression, particularly those facilitated by the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family. These proteases have been linked to enhanced migratory ability, extracellular matrix breakdown, and development of support systems for tumors. Several studies have reported the direct involvement of MMPs with ovarian cancer, as well as their mechanisms of action in the tumor microenvironment. MMPs play a key role in upregulating transcription factors, as well as the breakdown of structural proteins like collagen. Proteolytic mechanisms have been shown to enhance the ability of ovarian cancer cells to migrate and adhere to secondary sites allowing for efficient metastasis. Furthermore, angiogenesis for tumor growth and development of metastatic implants is influenced by upregulation of certain proteases, including MMPs. While proteases are produced normally in vivo, they can be upregulated by cancer-associated mutations, tumor–microenvironment interaction, stress-induced catecholamine production, and age-related pathologies. This review outlines the important role of proteases throughout ovarian cancer progression and metastasis.

Scale for Assessing University Digital Educational Environment (AUDEE Scale)

The paper presents results of the development of a scale for assessing university digital educational environment (AUDEE Scale; N = 406; 366 (90.1% women; age varies from 19 to 72 years, on average 28.7 ± 9.6 years (median = 24 years)).AUDEE scale provides a comprehensive description of digital educational environment based on the distinguishing of six indicators: satisfaction with the educational process; satisfaction with communicative interaction; stress tension; the need for support; dishonest strategies in knowledge control; and environment accessibility.The results of the confirmatory factor analysis confirm the six subscales model (IFI = 0.87; χ2 / df = 2.6; RMSEA = 0.06 [0.058; 0.066]; SRMR = 0.06).All subscales have acceptable reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.72—0.91, Split-half Guttman alpha = 0.82—0.92) and demonstrate predictable relationships with convergent indicators: experiences during learning (efforts, pleasure, meaning); cognitive motivation, achievement motivation, self-development motivation, introjected and external motivation, amotivation.To standardize the scale, stanines are calculated.

RUANG PEREDA STRESS DI MAPHAR

individualistic characteristics, and are more sensitive to their personal space. This happens because of their lack of need for other people around them. All are available on a gadget or smartphone, they can send messages, buy goods, find information, with more easily and practically. The state of the city has also become functionalist, where people only have functional activities without thinking about elements such as interacting or socializing. In fact the workers go to work and will go straight home, then spend time watching television or just relaxing at home to relieve stress. These problems occur in the metropolitan city of Jakarta and are becoming increasingly complex, due to unequal social welfare that occurs in the community, as happened in Maphar Village, Taman Sari, West Jakarta. This area was indeed from the Dutch era dominated by people of Chinese descent who worked as traders. In this area the conditions and situation of the house were so tight that there was no room for reforestation or a place to relax. This is where the task of an architect which can provide an activity space for the community in the form of a third space as a solution in healing people with stress disorders. With the third room that is presented in the design of a building, by providing programs or facilities that are appropriate, and appropriate to the problem of stress by creating a stress relief room in the form of an outdoor classroom aimed at providing education and workshops for children and adults, Studio training, and the creative stage as a forum for the community to channel their talents and interests in the arts, mediatech library as a place for children to get positive space for learning, and other supporting programs. Keywords: interaction; stress; third place; tightAbstrakPesatnya perkembangan teknologi, masyarakat yang hidup di zaman modern ini cenderung memiliki sifat yang individualis, dan lebih sensitif terhadap personal space-nya. Hal ini terjadi karena rasa ketidakbutuhan mereka terhadap orang lain yang ada di sekitarnya. Semua sudah tersedia di gadget atau smartphone, mereka bisa mengirim pesan, membeli barang, mencari informasi, dan lainnya dengan mudah dan praktis. Keadaan kota juga menjadi fungsionalis, dimana masyarakat hanya beraktivitas secara fungsional tanpa memikirkan elemen seperti berinteraksi atau bersosialisasi. Kenyataannya para pekerja pergi bekerja dan akan langsung pulang ke rumah, kemudian menghabiskan waktu dengan menonton televisi atau hanya bersantai di rumah untuk menghilangkan stres. Permasalahan-permasalahan tersebut terjadi di kota metropolitan Jakarta dan menjadi semakin kompleks, karena tidak meratanya kesejahteraan sosial yang terjadi di masyarakat, seperti yang terjadi di Kelurahan Maphar, Taman Sari, Jakarta Barat ini. Kawasan ini memang dari zaman Belanda didominasi oleh orang-orang keturunan Tionghoa yang bekerja sebagai pedagang. Di daerah ini kondisi dan situasi rumahnya pun sangat rapat sampai tidak ada ruang untuk penghijauan atau tempat bersantai. Disinilah tugas seorang arsitek yang mana dapat memberikan ruang aktivitas untuk masyarakat berupa ruang ketiga sebagai solusi dalam penyembuhan terhadap masyarakat dengan gangguan stres. Dengan ruang ketiga yang dihadirkan dalam rancangan sebuah bangunan, dengan memberikan program atau fasilitas yang sesuai, dan tepat terhadap masalah stres dengan menciptakan sebuah ruang pereda stres berupa outdoor classroom yang bertujuan memberi edukasi dan workshop bagi anak-anak maupun orang dewasa, Pelatihan sanggar, dan panggung kreasi sebagai wadah masyarakat menyalurkan bakat dan minat di bidang seni, mediatech library sebagai tempat anak-anak mendapat ruang positif untuk belajar, dan program pendukung lainnya.

STUDI PROGRAM BANGUNAN BERDASARKAN KARAKTER KAWASAN DAN PENGARUH CAHAYA PADA MASSA BANGUNAN

The era of disruption has made it easier to live individually. The city center is a place of rapid development. Life that has a dense activity and individualistic society reduces the quality of social interaction in society. Kelurahan Rawa Barat, Kecamatan Kebayoran Baru, Kota Jakarta Selatan is an area that is filled with formal working communities. Boarding houses that are the first place for the community become the character of the region. Lack of interaction space makes society individualistic and stressful due to the poor quality of social interaction. Stress Relief Light House as a third place to relieve stress for the people of Kelurahan Rawa Barat. The building uses light as a support element to form spaces for therapy and as part of the third space for socializing. Communities can release stress and express themselves in buildings to improve the quality of socialization in the area. Workers can use the building as a place to work as well as a place to gather and play so that the building can be an antidote to busy lives in urban areas and create a warm relationship in the community. Keywords: Individualistic; interaction; light; quality; stress AbstrakPerkembangan jaman yang begitu pesat mengakibatkan semakin mudahnya untuk hidup secara individualistis. Pusat kota menjadi tempat yang sangat cepat perkembangannya. Kehidupan yang memiliki aktivitas padat dan masyarakat yang individualistis mengakibatkan kurangnya dan menurunnya kualitas interaksi sosial pada masyarakat. Kelurahan Rawa Barat, Kecamatan Kebayoran Baru, Kota Jakarta Selatan merupakan kawasan yang dipenuhi dengan masyarakat pekerja formal. Kost-kostan yang menjadi tempat pertama bagi masyakrakat ini menjadi karakter dari kawasan. Kurangnya ruang interaksi menjadikan masyarakat yang individualistis dan stress akibat kualitas interaksi sosial yang buruk. Rumah Cahaya Pelepas Stress hadir sebagai tempat ketiga untuk melepaskan stress bagi masyarakat Kelurahan Rawa Barat. Bangunan menggunakan bantuan cahaya sebagai elemen yang mendukung terbentuknya ruang-ruang untuk terapi dan sebagai bagian dari ruang ketiga untuk bersosialisasi. Masyarakat dapat melepaskan stress serta berekspresi di dalam bangunan untuk meningkatkan kualitas sosialisasi di dalam kawasan. Para pekerja juga dapat menjadikan bangunan sebagai tempat bekerja serta tempat berkumpul dan bermain sehingga bangunan dapat menjadi penawar kehidupan yang sibuk di perkotaan dan menciptakan hubungan yang hangat dalam masyarakat.

Animal-Based Measurements to Assess the Welfare of Dairy Cull Cows during Pre-Slaughter

Culling is the departure of cows from the herd as a result of sale, slaughter, health, national regulations, salvage, or death. Cull cows are removed from farms with poor health, production, behavior, or other problems, and during pre-slaughter they are sometimes kept without food and water, which compromises their well-being. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the welfare state of culled dairy cows during pre-slaughter using some animal-based measurements and to identify possible associations between them. Data were recorded for 62 different dairy production farms referring to 137 cull cows (n = 60 Holstein and n = 77 Normandy crosses) slaughtered in an abattoir in Colombia (South America). In this study, we evaluated and recorded land transport conditions, the health of animals on arrival to the abattoir, human–animal interaction, stress physiological variables and the association of these variables with characteristic bruises on the carcass, the lairage time, the presence of diseases, and the stage of pregnancy. In total, 98.5% of the cows were very thin, 35.7% were pregnant, and 84.7% had bruising on the carcass. In total, 74.5% had clinical conditions; these included skin lesions (32.4%), mastitis (27.5%), lameness (21.6%), vulvar secretions (8.8%), diarrhea (6.8%), and eye carcinoma (2.9%). The total number of cull cows with bruises during pre-slaughter was associated with lot size, transport time, presence of pregnancy, body score condition, and creatine kinase levels. The results suggest that the cows were not fit for transport because their health was severely affected before they left the farms. The animal-based indicators used in this study are useful for evaluating the welfare of cull dairy cows at abattoirs.

Proteomics of Brucella

Brucella spp. are Gram negative intracellular bacteria responsible for brucellosis, a worldwide distributed zoonosis. A prominent aspect of the Brucella life cycle is its ability to invade, survive and multiply within host cells. Comprehensive approaches, such as proteomics, have aided in unravelling the molecular mechanisms underlying Brucella pathogenesis. Technological and methodological advancements such as increased instrument performance and multiplexed quantification have broadened the range of proteome studies, enabling new and improved analyses, providing deeper and more accurate proteome coverage. Indeed, proteomics has demonstrated its contribution to key research questions in Brucella biology, i.e., immunodominant proteins, host-cell interaction, stress response, antibiotic targets and resistance, protein secretion. Here, we review the proteomics of Brucella with a focus on more recent works and novel findings, ranging from reconfiguration of the intracellular bacterial proteome and studies on proteomic profiles of Brucella infected tissues, to the identification of Brucella extracellular proteins with putative roles in cell signaling and pathogenesis. In conclusion, proteomics has yielded copious new candidates and hypotheses that require future verification. It is expected that proteomics will continue to be an invaluable tool for Brucella and applications will further extend to the currently ill-explored aspects including, among others, protein processing and post-translational modification.

Assessment on University Students’ Financial Management Skills

Financial management defined as behavior and perceptions about how financial is managed. For the present, student financial management refers to the behavior and perceptions of how students manage their finances and handle their money during studies. The aim of this study is to assess university students’ financial management skills. Data were collected among Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM) students. The selection of this sample was students with an age between 18 years old to 25 years old. The sample was selected through the simple random sampling technique with the sample size of 114 respondents. Perceived financial management skills were measured using a Likert scale from 1 (unskilled) to 5 (skilful) on 12 management related items: daily expenses, debt, future needs, time, savings, use of education loan, purpose of education loan, social interaction, stress, decision making, problem solving and career planning. The data were analyzed by using t-tests and Analyses of Variances (ANOVA) through Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. The scores for the financial management skills were computed and the results revealed there was no gender difference in the score. However, the female students showed a higher level of financial skills than the males. Therefore, there are significant differences in the mean score among ethnic groups, with Indian students scoring the lowest compared to other ethnic groups.