scholarly journals ‘The future of regulation is culture’: opportunities to change unethical behaviour in business and public administration in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 279 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-114
Author(s):  
Christopher Hodges ◽  
Ruth Steinholtz ◽  
Alexandre Aroeira Salles
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Unethical Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Behavior ◽  
Regulatory Approach ◽  
Car Wash ◽  
Legislative Changes ◽  
Science Show

Isolated application of the deterrence theory isn’t enough to solve most of the problems regarding unethical behavior in business and enterprises, as demonstrated by some works cited in the text. If that were the case, Brazil, a country marked by the vigorous application of such theory, as shown by the traditional application of Brazilian legislation, would not suffer from recurring problems of corruption, such as those denounced by the “car wash” operation, “Petrolão”, etc. Differently from this traditional approach, recent studies presented in the body of this article, based in the behavioral science, show that deterrence is frequently ineffective in affecting future behavior, which conducts enterprises to a “compliance trap”: a false belief that the merely institution of compliance policies would reverse the current ethical crises. The thesis of the article is that such change requires the adoption of an ethical culture, which concerns a switch in regulatory approach, able to modify the nature of lawenforcement, but also the engagement of enterprises, it´s directors and collaboratives with this culture. The article also confronts evidence based on behavioral science and recommended by international bodies (such as the OECD) with recent legislative changes in Brazil (in particular the new LINDB and the Economic Freedom Act) that expand the strength of consensus between Public Administration and individuals.

Ustalenie właściwości organu administracji publicznej w zakresie prowadzenia egzekucji obowiązkowych szczepień ochronnych i występowania z wnioskiem o ukaranie za uchylanie się od tego obowiązku

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (70) ◽  
pp. 33-49
Author(s):  
Sebastian Czechowicz
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
The State ◽  
The Public ◽  
Judicial Decisions ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Preventive Vaccination ◽  
Administrative Courts ◽  
Legislative Changes

The article is devoted to determine the authority competent to carry out the execution of the obligation to vaccinate, as well as the authority competent to apply for punishment of those who persistently evade preventive vaccinations on the basis of the Code of Misdemeanours in Poland. After analysing the competencies of the public administration bodies and comparing them with the judicial decisions of the administrative courts and the Supreme Court issued in cases involving mandatory preventive vaccination, which present an inconsistent line of jurisprudence, the author concludes that the enforcement body is the province governor. However, it is necessary to postulate legislative changes, primarily in the area of the possible transfer of competencies from the province governor to the State Sanitary Inspection.

scholarly journals Developing a Wine Experience Scale: A New Strategy to Measure Holistic Behaviour of Wine Tourists

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 8055
Author(s):  
Vasco Santos ◽  
Paulo Ramos ◽  
Nuno Almeida ◽  
Enrique Santos-Pavón
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
The Body ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Wine Tourism ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Validation Tool

This study develops a scale to measure wine tourism experiences and was tested in Portugal, in two of the main wine tourism centres: Porto and Madeira. The wine experience scale combines experience traits with the traditional approach to scales related to wine tourism. The development of the scale follows the most recognised validated procedures. Data were collected from a total of 647 international wine tourists in the wine cellars of the two main fortified wine tourism regions visiting areas: Porto and Madeira. Structural equation modelling (SEM-AMOS) was used as the main analysis and validation tool. The resulting 18-item wine experience scale comprises four major dimensions: (1) Wine storytelling, (2) wine tasting excitement, (3) wine involvement, and (4) winescape. All these showed reliable and validated indicators. This new scale presents a valid new tool to better measure and evaluate experiences in a wine tourism setting. This study offers a broad range of use for academics, managers, planners, and practitioners. It shows how a new measurement tool focused on the wine tourism experience in terms of several outcomes and applications, addressing important practical managerial implications, can have an impact on academic research. Most previous tourism scales still fail to measure the specifics of wine settings. This is the first scale that comprises the dimensions of experience with wine senses, applied in a relevant wine destination where research is still limited. The results are relevant in boosting the increasingly recognized awareness of Portugal as wine tourism, as well as bringing experience scales to the body of knowledge.

Establishing the foundational elements of a public procurement body of knowledge

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-251
Author(s):  
Clifford P McCue ◽  
Eric Prier ◽  
Joshua M Steinfeld
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
The Body ◽  
Job Tasks ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Technical Competencies ◽  
Logical Process

Public procurement scholars have been striving to identify technical and behavioral competencies to drive toward professionalization. However, there is no vetted body of knowledge that practitioners and scholars can use to establish roles and responsibilities. This empirical study outlines a logical process to identify the foundational elements of the body of knowledge, specifically technical competencies, serving as the building blocks for advancement toward a recognized profession. Findings suggest that 87 job tasks can be classified under 6 job domains that contain many of the components and conceptual constructs for the field of public procurement. These domains can improve understanding of the knowledge, skills, and abilities necessary in public administration.

scholarly journals HIERARCHY AND SUBORDINATION IN THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION - SYNONYMES, DICHOTOMOUS CATEGORIES OR PREDESTINED TWO SIDES OF THE SAME MEDAL?

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1393-1399
Author(s):  
Dejan Vitanski
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Civil Servant ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Layered System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Two Sides

The author of labor, through an in-depth considiration, tries to understand, capture and notify the essential elements and immanent features of the principles of hierarchy and subordination in the public administration. Administration is one of the key entities in the physiognomy of the state system. It is a complex mechanism and, in general, a hierarchically profiled structure, which forms the "spine" of the state. Hierarchy and subordination are the basic substrate of administrative architecture. In an organizational sense, the hierarchical principle is a system of eldership, whose essence is expressed in the obligation of the subordinate entity (individual or authority) to conform to the orders of the superordinate elder in a strictly formalized system of mutual relations that arise in connection with the performance of the working tasks within an organization. The hierarchical pyramid is a stratified (layered) system of functions, ranging from the more specific to the more general. Within that system, carriers of more general functions control the work of carriers of closer functions. The hierarchical structure has the form of a vertical chain, in which each higher level has authority over the lower one, and each lower level submits to the orders and the directives at the higher level. Hierarchical placement allows vertical process management, providing easier management, effective control, as well as locating the responsibility and dysfunctionality of each link in the administrative chain. According to modern understandings, which occurred with the establishment of the legal state, there is a legally established border and a demarcation line to which the elder can move when issuing specific orders to the subordinates. That limit implies that the elder can not issue orders to the subordinates. This means that in modern-established states, in which the administration is based on the pivotal principle of legality, subordination actually arises as a kind of counterbalance to the hierarchy. In accordance with the principle of subordination, when the duty of the civil servant is prescribed to perform the orders of the head of the body, as well as the orders of the immediate superior officer, it is noted that the civil servant is obliged to act upon those orders, but exclusively in accordance with the Constitution , by law or by other regulation. The fundamental dilemma that is put in front of the author of the labor and on which the focus of the scientific-research interest is placed is by determining and clarifying the essence of the principles of hierarchy and subordination, to answer the question: is the hierarchy and subordination synonyms, dichotomous categories or predestined two sides of the same medal?

scholarly journals Exploring Food Decision Processes of Latino Families in California’s Central Valley

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-44
Author(s):  
Mirna Troncoso Sawyer ◽  
Nelida Duran ◽  
Steven P. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
The Body ◽  
Developmental Approach ◽  
Health Goals ◽  
Food Decisions ◽  
Main Meal ◽  
California's Central Valley ◽  
California’S Central Valley

Background and Purpose: Latino children are more likely to be overweight than non-Latino whites. Family food context research is relevant to the prevention of overweight. The purpose of the study was to identify patterns in Latino family food decisions related to the dinner routine. Methods: In 2013-2014, thirty-four in-depth interviews were conducted with twenty-two Latina mothers with children age 5-10 in California’s Central Valley. Previously published research informed the semi-structured interview guide. A grounded theory methodology was used to identify themes. Results: Four salient food decision approaches emerged. Families exhibited six combinations of these approaches. Mothers’ explicit health goals guide the health approach. The traditional approach emphasizes eating favorite recipes. In the developmental approach, parents modify the main meal for children based on the belief children will develop an adult’s taste over time. The path of least resistance favors expediency over other concerns. Conclusion: While the path of least resistance and health approaches have previously been observed among other populations, this paper provides findings on these categories among Latinos. Additionally, our findings on the developmental and traditional approaches expand the body of knowledge on food decisions. The guiding approaches provide a framework that can be sensitive to diverse food schemas.

scholarly journals Facilitators, barriers and motivators of paramedic continuing professional development

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Hobbs ◽  
Scott Devenish ◽  
David Long ◽  
Vivienne Tippett
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Continuing Professional Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Self Directed Learning ◽  
Private Industry ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Barriers And Motivators

Introduction As registered health professionals, Australian paramedics are required to abide by professional registration standards including the maintenance of continuing professional development (CPD). The broader health literature identifies facilitators, barriers and motivators for engaging in CPD, however the body of knowledge specific to paramedicine is weak. This research seeks to address this gap in the paramedicine body of knowledge. Methods This study adopts a constructivist grounded theory methodology. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, and analysed using first and second cycle coding techniques. Paramedics from various state-based Australasian ambulance services and private industry (N=10) discussed their experiences specific to their attitudes, perceptions and engagement about CPD. Results Paramedic CPD goes beyond the traditional approach to mandatory training. Paramedics are motivated by factors such as modality of delivery, professional expectations, clinical/professional improvement and, sometimes, fear. Facilitators included organisational support, improved clinical knowledge, practitioner confidence, self-directed learning opportunities and perceived relevance of content. Barriers include cost, workload/fatigue, location, rostering, lack of incentive to engage, lack of employer support and technological problems. Conclusion By understanding what facilitates or motivates engagement in CPD activities, paramedics can navigate their CPD in conjunction with regulatory requirements. Although paramedics report some similar experiences to other health professionals, there are nuances that appear specific to the discipline of paramedicine. Of interest, a unique finding related to fear influencing paramedic CPD engagement. The results of this study informs paramedic employers and paramedic CPD providers with insights to assist in the development of positive CPD experiences and interactions.

scholarly journals Analysis of methods of assessing the quality of protective paint car coatings

2018 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 02103
Author(s):  
Arthur Avakov ◽  
Evgeny Kosenko ◽  
Ivan Topilin ◽  
Fedor Kopilov
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
The Body ◽  
Paint Coating ◽  
The Road ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Car Wash ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Operational Impacts

At present, modern ways to protect a varnish coating of cars have become widespread among motorists. Small particles of dirt, dust, winter reagents, minuses of car wash systems, a large number of stones on the road do not have the best effect on car cover. All operational impacts destroy the protective paintwork, after which the steel car body is no longer able to resist the effects of the environment. The body begins to rust and deteriorate. The car eventually loses its appearance, ceases to shine, becomes opaque. Reduction of adverse operational impacts on the paint coating of the car is achieved by modern methods of protection. A wide distribution in the market of automobile cosmetics was produced by protective polishes based on wax or synthetic constituents. It is connected with their small cost and ease of application. The flagship on auto market for the protection of car paint coating is armor plate. This is a protective transparent film with a thickness of approximately 100 microns, providing the maximum degree of protection. Thus, with the help of modern means of protecting paint coating, one can minimize the negative impact of the environment and prolong youth to a car.

POLITICAL TRADITIONALISM

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
N.A. Antanovich ◽  
◽  
S.V. Reshetnikov ◽  
O.E. Poberezhnaya ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Cultural Model ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Past ◽  
Religious Doctrine

The article is devoted to the traditionalism as a phenomenon and its role in politics. The essence of the processes of conservation and transformation of political traditionalism in modern society is revealed. It is shown that the emphasis on the archaization of the spiritual and value elementstestifies to the “conservation of traditionalism”. Traditionalism can be primitive, everyday, political and ideological. “Integral traditionalism” is distinguished by a special interpretation of tradition and an understanding of the crisis of modern civilization. Traditionalism is associated with conservatism as a political ideology. As a philosophical and religious doctrine, in contrast to conservatism as an ideology, traditionalism is dogmatic, providing a transcendental justification for power. Traditionalism in politics, approaching conservatism as a political ideology, is used to protect against threats of destruction of the established socio-cultural model, which is idealized by references to the past. The semantic core of the understanding of management based on the traditional approach is the idea of ​​the ability of a state to achieve self-determination and independent development. Comparison of traditionalism and modernism / reformism as types of mentality is made. The advantages and disadvantages of traditionalism, its role in the interpretation and practice of public administration are shown. The article reveals the characteristics of neo-traditionalism as a transformed form of adherence to a protective approach to the development of society: politicization of traditionalism; adaptation of traditions to modern conditions and the incorporation of innovations during their reproduction; the subordination of the value-irrational meaning of traditions to the constructed technologies of referring to the past; construction of new traditions; maintaining subject and paternalistic elements in moral and political culture.

Administrative Law as Public Policy: The First Fifty Years

1990 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald M. Pops
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
The United States ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Legislative Action ◽  
The Core ◽  
Legislative Authority ◽  
Administrative Agencies ◽  
Private Citizens

Administrative law in the United States during the last half century has been dominated by three major themes: (1) the extent to which legislative authority may be delegated to administrative agencies, (2) judicial review of legislative action, and (3) analysis of the formal aspects of agency procedures. At the core of this traditional approach to administrative law—defining its purpose—is the problem of the legitimacy of public administration. Specifically, the issue, to traditionalists, is how far administrative agencies can go before they impinge on the rights of private citizens.

scholarly journals The Effect of Monetary Incentives on Individual and Organizational Performance in an Italian Public Institution

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cainarca ◽  
Delfino ◽  
Ponta
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
Monetary Incentives ◽  
A Value ◽  
Individual Behaviors ◽  
Individual Contributions ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

This paper addresses the role of monetary incentives with regard to the performance of employees and organizations. The distribution of monetary incentives among employees in public administration has been investigated. Specifically, the traditional approach of bureaucracy that pays a premium to each employee, based on the position held, is compared with a merit approach which tends to recognize and reward individual contributions. A task advice centrality indicator and a value index have been defined and used to study the performance of employees. The results show a modification of individual behaviors, in line with the theoretical foundations and predictions formulated.

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