scholarly journals Κλινικοεργαστηριακή διερεύνηση της φορείας και των λοιμώξεων από πολυανθεκτικά στελέχη σε ασθενείς της μονάδας εντατικής θεραπείας και των μονάδων αυξημένης φροντίδας

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ματθαίος Παπαδημητρίου-Ολιβγέρης
Keyword(s):  
University Hospital ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Icu Patients ◽  
Vana Gene ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Group A ◽  
Previous Hospitalization ◽  
Group B ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
The University

The purpose of this study was to investigate the colonization and infectionscaused by KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-Kp), vancomycin-resistantEnterococcus (VRE) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in patientshospitalized in the Intensive Care Units of the University Hospital of Patras (ICU A)and the General Hospital “Saint Andrew” during October 2009 and February 2012.The dissemination of KPC-Kp constitutes the most important issue in GreekICUs, with its percentage rising in medical and surgical wards. During the duration ofthis study, 12.8% of patients admitted in the ICU A (52 from 405 patients) werecolonized upon admission and previous ICU stay, chronic obstructive pulmonarydisease, duration of previous hospitalization and previous usage of carbapenem orcombination of beta-lactamic/lactamase were found to influence colonization. Agradual increase of the percentage of colonized patients admitted at the ICU from3.9% (4 from 102 patients) during the first 6 months to 15.8% (48 from 300 patients)the next 16 months that reflects the dissemination of KPC-Kp in non-ICU wards.Among the 226 non-colonized upon ICU A admission patients, 164 (72.6%)became colonized during their stay with the presence of colonized patients in nearbybeds and the previous colonized occupant in the same bed were associated withcolonization, which did not influence mortality. The high percentage of colonizationin combination with the aforementioned factors indicates the importance of thedissemination of KPC-Kp among patients via the personnel and signifies the value ofa strict implementation of infection control protocols.In total, 53 patients developed KPC-Kp bloodstream infection during ICU Astay with 43.4% mortality. The most important factors that influence mortality werethe resistance of the strain to gentamicin/colistin/tigecycline and septic shock, whilethe treatment with two active antibiotics was associated with better survivalconfirming the results of previous studies favoring combination therapy for thetreatment of KPC-Kp infection.The development of resistance against colistin or tigecycline, which areconsidered the last frontier in the treatment of KPC-Kp infections, is an alarmingphenomenon. In total, 24.4% and 17.9% of ICU A patients became colonized byKPC-Kp resistant to colictin or tigecycline, respectively. As expected, the administration of colistin or tigecycline influenced colonization, while the mostimportant factor favoring colonization was the presence of colonized patients innearby patients, indicating the importance of dissemination of these strains against denovo resistance development.The comparison of the two ICUs, found a higher percentage of patientscolonized during ICU A stay (61.8% vs 34.1%) and in a shorter period (10.6 vs 19.9days). These results may be explained by the higher percentage of patients colonizedupon admission (11.4% vs 1.8%), the lower nurse/patient ration and the highercarbapenem administration.In total, 305 and 100 strains of K. pneumoniae isolated from patientshospitalized in ICU A and B, respectively, were positive for the presence of blaKPCgene while five strains in ICU A were positive for the blaVIM gene also. All strainswere resistant to penicillins, cephalosporins, aztreonam, trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole (30% of ICU B strains were sensitive), amikacin, tombramycin andquinolones. The resistance rates to carbapenems (67.9% vs 60%), colisitn (35.1% vs18%), gentamicin (50.8% vs 24%) and tigecycline (17% vs 18%) among the ICUsstrains were comparable. PFGE of 57 and 20 isolates from ICU A and B, respectively,revealed that ICU A strains belonged in two types, with type A comprising 65.5% ofthe isolates, while all ICU B isolates belonged in type A.The percentage of VRE colonization in both ICUs were lower in comparisonwith those of KPC-Kp. During ICU admission 14.3% (71 from 497 patients) wasalready colonized, while 14.4% (36 from 250 patients) became colonized during stay.The most important factor influencing colonization was the presence of colonizedpatients in nearby beds, indicating that non adherence with hand hygiene may play apredominate role in VRE dissemination.In total 107 VRE strains were isolated (100 E. faecium and 7 E. faecalis).Eighty four were positive for the vanA gene and resistant to vancomycin andteicoplanin, while the rest were vanB positive and were characterized by low levelresistance to vancomycin (12 were in susceptibility range) and susceptible toteicoplanin. All strains were susceptible to linezolid, daptomycin and tigecycline. AsMLST revealed, E. faecium strains belonged in six different Sequencing Types(ST117, ST17, ST203, ST226, ST786, ST125) with 90% among them belonging tothe Clonal Complex CC17. E. faecalis strains were categorized in four STs (ST6,ST41, ST19, ST28). The proportion of colonized patients by MRSA upon admission and duringICU stay was very low (5.3% and 3.7%, respectively). The most important factorassociated with colonization was enteric carriage of vanA-positive Enterococcus.Surveillance cultures revealed 28 mecA-positive S. aureus strains, with the majority(n=19) being PVL-positive, belonging to ST80 and resistant only to kanamycin,tetracycline and fucidic acid, while the remaining were categorized in four STs (6strains in ST239 and one at ST225, ST72 and ST30). The ST30 strain was tstpositive.The comparison of colonization strains from patients (n=67) and personnel(n=23) of the ICUs (Group A) with the strains of colonization (n=53) and bloodstreaminfections (n=75) isolated from non-ICU patients (Group B), revealed a higherpercentage of MRSA and PVL-positive strains in Group B, while Group A wascharacterized by higher percentage of tst-positive strains indicating their silentdissemination between ICU patients and personnel.The present study has identified the risk factors for colonization of infectionby KPC-Kp, VRE and MRSA, in order to guide the future efforts towards containingtheir dissemination in the two ICUs, as well as, to the Greek hospitals, which in totalare plagued by the aforementioned pathogens.

scholarly journals Role of SatO2, PaO2/FiO2 Ratio and PaO2 to Predict Adverse Outcome in COVID-19: A Retrospective, Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11534
Author(s):  
Stefano Sartini ◽  
Laura Massobrio ◽  
Ombretta Cutuli ◽  
Paola Campodonico ◽  
Cristina Bernini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Adverse Outcome ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The University

COVID-19 respiratory failure is a life-threatening condition. Oxygenation targets were evaluated in a non-ICU setting. In this retrospective, observational study, we enrolled all patients admitted to the University Hospital of Genoa, Italy, between 1 February and 31 May 2020 with an RT-PCR positive for SARS-CoV-2. PaO2, PaO2/FiO2 and SatO2% were collected and analyzed at time 0 and in case of admission, patients who required or not C-PAP (groups A and B) were categorized. Each measurement was correlated to adverse outcome. A total of 483 patients were enrolled, and 369 were admitted to hospital. Of these, 153 required C-PAP and 266 had an adverse outcome. Patients with PaO2 <60 and >100 had a higher rate of adverse outcome at time 0, in groups A and B (OR 2.52, 3.45, 2.01, respectively). About the PaO2/FiO2 ratio, the OR for < 300 was 3.10 at time 0, 4.01 in group A and 4.79 in group B. Similar odds were found for < 200 in any groups and < 100 except for group B (OR 11.57). SatO2 < 94% showed OR 1.34, 3.52 and 19.12 at time 0, in groups A and B, respectively. PaO2 < 60 and >100, SatO2 < 94% and PaO2/FiO2 ratio < 300 showed at least two- to three-fold correlation to adverse outcome. This may provide simple but clear targets for clinicians facing COVID-19 respiratory failure in a non ICU-setting.

scholarly journals Profile of invasive group A and group B Streptococcal infections in patients hospitalized at the University Hospital for Infectious Diseases „Dr. Fran Mihaljević“ during the period from 2011 to 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Lana Šepec Rožmarić ◽  
Suzana Bukovski
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Streptococcal Infections ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The University

Aim: Beta-haemolytic streptococci (BHS) rarely cause invasive disease (ID). Usually the most common cause of ID is group B BHS (BHS-B). However, in our recent routine work higher number of group A BHS (BHS-A) isolates from blood was noted. The aim of this study was to report trends and findings by group BHS-A and BHS-B causing laboratory confirmed disease from 2011 to 2018 at the University Hospital for Infectious Diseases „Dr. Fran Mihaljević”. Methods: Data on patients from the electronic database of microbiological laboratory at UHID for the period 2011-2018 was collected and analysed. Results: During the period 2011-2018, 151 BHS A and B were identified from normally sterile body sites. Most isolates were from blood cultures (96.7%). BHS-A and BHS-B were isolated almost equally. The highest number of isolates was recorded in 2012 and 2017. The number of BHS A isolates peaked in 2012, 54% more than BHS-B, and 50% more in 2016. Children presented 19.9% of patients, and were mostly isolated with BHS-A. 80.1% patients were adults. Adults predominated in the age group &gt;65 years. 12 children and 18 adults were hospitalised in intensive care unit. Conclusion: Invasive group A and group B streptococcal infections predominantly affect most vulnerable age groups, children and elderly. In this study invasive BHS disease is most common among adults above 65 years of age. BHS-A was most common cause of invasive disease among paediatric patients as well as in the age group above 65 years. Typing and characterization of BHS-A isolates due to its characteristics should be foreseen as important diagnostic tool, especially to monitor changes in virulence and to prevent potential outbreaks.

Extrapunitive, Intropunitive and Impunitive Responses of Indian Students to Different Racial Groups in South Africa

1980 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 77-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Rajab ◽  
E.A. Chohan
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The University ◽  
Indian Students

The Rosenzweig P — F Study was administered to a group of South African Indian students (N = 403) from the University of Durban-Westville with slight modifications in administration. The subjects were divided into three groups and were instructed to react to Blacks in Group A, to Whites in Group B, and to Indians in Group C. The results indicated that the subjects differed in their responses to the three racial groups revealing predominantly intropunitive and impunitive responses to Blacks, and extrapunitive responses to Indians.

Comparison of Outcome of one Versus two Drains Insertion for Seroma Formation Following Modified Radical Mastectomy in Breast Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-55
Author(s):  
Shiraz Shaikh ◽  
Ambreen Munir ◽  
Shahnawaz Abro ◽  
Shahida Khatoon ◽  
Zameer Hussain Laghari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Carcinoma ◽  
General Surgery ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Seroma Formation ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Modified Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objective: Comparative outcome of one versus two drains insertion for in the term of seroma formation following modified radical mastectomy in breast carcinoma. Methodology: This Prospective Interventional trial was conducted at Department of General Surgery, Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad from February 2018 to January 2019.  Females with breast carcinoma admitted for modified radical mastectomy were included. Patients were divided into two groups.  Groups I underwent one drain placement and group II underwent two drains placement. All patients were observed to measure and record the volume of the fluid. Patients were discharged from Hospital in stable condition and after removal of drains, and followed up weekly for one month. Data was recorded on self-made proforma and analyzed by using SPSS-20. Results: Total of 80 patients were selected, 38 in group A and 42 in group B. Mean age of patients of group A was 49.08 ± 9.89 years and group B was 51.40 ± 13.59 years. , Excised Mass weight was lesser in group A as compared to group B. Mean volume of drain discharge was significantly higher in Group B 323.43 ± 158.88 ml, while it was in group A 230.29± 200.98, findings were statistically significant 0.013. Seroma formation was statistically insignificant among both groups as 8(21.1%) in group A and   10(23.8%) in group B, p-value 0.768. Conclusion: One-drain and two-drain insertion are equally effective to reduce the seroma formation after modified radical mastectomy; however, one drain insertion leads to more patient compliance and comfort with probably less morbidity and cost.

A Comparative Study of Epidemiology, Clinicopathologic Features and Outcome of Colorectal Cancer Patients between Ain Shams University Hospitals and Luxor International Hospital

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarek Hussein Kamel ◽  
Amr Lotfy Farag ◽  
Dr/Sherif Hassanin Ahmed ◽  
Chresteen Talaat Samy Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Clinicopathologic Features ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the world. It is the third most common malignancy after lung & breast and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, accounting for approximately 1,400,000 new cases and about 700,000 deaths worldwide. Objectives The aim of this retrospective study is to compare the epidemiology, clinicopathologic features, different treatment modalities and outcomes regarding disease free survival (DFS), progression free survival (PFS) & overall survival (OS) of colorectal cancer disease between cases presented to Ain shams university hospital & to Luxor international hospital in 3 consecutive years. Patients and Methods The study is retrospective comparative study. Clinical oncology department in Ain Shams University Hospital and Luxor International Hospital. The data Collected from January 2013 to December 2015. This study analyzed hospital records of patients who diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) and allocated into two groups: Group A: CRC patients presented to Ain-Shams University Hospital from January 2013 to December 2015, group B: CRC patients presented to Luxor International Hospital from January 2013 to December 2015. Results There was no statistically significant difference regarding age parameter in LIH when compared to ASU, but the study was consistent with higher incidence in patients who were aged more than forty- accounted about 70.5% in all CRC cases. Cases less than 40 years old, in group A were 35.2%, while in Group B were 23.5%. Even there was no statistically significant difference but it may be attributable to more westernization in Lower Egypt. Other explanation may be due to decreased low socioeconomic status and different lifestyle factors in more developing region what increase risk of colorectal cancer. Among our cases, there is no statistically significant difference regarding gender between the two hospitals. Both sexes almost were affected equally, females appeared to be at a slightly higher risk of developing CRC cancer with current prevalence 1.3:1 in ASU group, and 1.1:1 in LIH group. Conclusion The need to increase awareness about CRC in Egypt especially upper Egypt, is recommended. An awareness campaign should be performed to promote detection of CRC at its earliest and most curable stage by recognizing early symptoms and enabling early referrals for colonoscopy. Those at higher risk should be offered more intensive surveillance. Similarity of the data from different centers suggests that this is the picture of colorectal cancer typical of Egypt.

scholarly journals It is not enough to flip your classroom. A case study in the course of Pavements in Civil Engineering

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
Yasmany García-Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Flipped Classroom ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Traditional Model ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Group B ◽  
The University

The flipped classroom, as an active learning model, has given remarkable results in several areas in the university teaching; however, its execution is still able to improve. This research shows the implementation and improvement of the flipped classroom model in the course of Pavements. It evaluates their influence on the students’ final grades and their learning experience. Three groups of students participated in this study, who enrolled in the course of Pavements in the Civil Engineering. Group A took the course with the traditional model, while Group B took it with a flipped classroom, and Group C experienced it with a reinforced flipped model. Groups did the course the subject in 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively. Results show that even though with the flipped classroom models, the finals grades did not increase compared to the scores of the traditional model; however, it improved their learning experience. The students were more satisfied with the method; they even asked for fewer modifications than they did in the traditional model. This research shows that adding little academic things to the course, it would greatly influence their students' opinion.

scholarly journals A Modern Perspective on Phishing: An investigation into susceptibility to phishing attacks between mobile and desktop email clients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jayden Nowitz
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Device ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Administrative Staff ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Device Type ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The University ◽  
Modern Perspective

<p>Research on how to counter phishing from a user behavior perspective has been explored for over a decade, yet the prevalence of such threats is increasing. This thesis aims to provide a modern perspective by considering if there is a difference in how susceptible an individual is on a mobile device versus a desktop email client. Currently very few studies consider phishing on mobile devices and the research is unclear as to the potential difference in susceptibility rates between the two device types. Initially a review of 60 phishing emails received by the university that had passed mail filtering were used to assist in the design of the messages to be used in the second stage of the study. Following this a simulated phishing attack on two groups in one unit of professional administrative staff in the university (141 in total with 71 in Group A and 70 in Group B) within the university was undertaken. The defining characteristic between the groups was how they responded to a message with a ‘loss versus gain’ appeal. This area has received limited exploration in the research and findings remain unclear. This study found that people were statistically far more susceptible to the ‘gain’ message of a free coffee at 28.2% than the ‘loss’ message of Office365 account suspension 7.1% . For device type there appears to be no statistically significant difference, even between the groups. This study highlights the complexities of device usage around phishing, that have not been clearly highlighted in previous studies, such as people viewing emails with one device and falling victim on another device.</p>

Energy-Based Devices Affect the Aesthetic Outcome of Cervical Thyroidectomy and Parathyroidectomy. A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Pino ◽  
◽  
Lorenzo Gasco ◽  
Daqi Zhang ◽  
Paolo Carcoforo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽  
The Body ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Aesthetic Outcome ◽  
Aesthetic Result ◽  
Scar Assessment ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Thyroid and parathyroid diseases are very common. Most of these cases are in women and may be amenable to surgery. The patient’s perception that these are not life-threatening diseases leads them to expect an excellent aesthetic result, since the surgical incision area is clearly visible. Objective: To evaluate different scarring outcomes using three different energy-based devices (Harmonic Focus®, Johnson & Johnson, New Brunswick, NJ; Thunderbeat Open Fine Jaw®, Olympus Medical, Tokyo, Japan; LigaSure Small Jaw®, Medtronic, Dublin, Ireland) and to determine the impact of post-thyroidectomy/parathyroidectomy scars on the patient’s quality of life. Methods: One hundred female patients who underwent thyroidectomy or parathyroidectomy between September 2017 and September 2019 at the Endocrine and Minimally Invasive Surgery Department of Messina University Hospital were recruited. A retrospective analysis assessed the thickness of the cervical scar via ultrasound imaging, and the patient’s degree of satisfaction through the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) and the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire (BDDQ). Results: The patients were divided into three groups according to the energy-device used: group A (LigaSure SJ (n=38), group B (Harmonic F, n=32) and group C (Thunderbeat OFJ, n=30). The three groups were homogeneous with respect to number of patients, age and surgical procedures. The best aesthetic result, which correlated with the lowest scar thickness, was observed in group A; these patients were more satisfied than those in the other two groups. Moreover, correlations between scar thickness and quantitative variables (such as age or BMI) were not found in any of the groups. Conclusions: Based on the data collected and our experience, the LigaSure Small Jaw® (Medtronic) seems to offer the best aesthetic outcome in patients who undergo transverse cervicotomy for thyroid and parathyroid diseases. However, further prospective studies involving a greater number of cases are needed.

A Foxtail-Shaped Vermilion Flap to Reconstruct the Medial Tubercle in Asymmetric Bilateral Cleft Lip With Contralateral Lesser Form Defect

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 1052-1057
Author(s):  
Yuta Nakajima ◽  
Shunsuke Yuzuriha ◽  
Fumio Nagai ◽  
Kenya Fujita ◽  
Masahiko Noguchi
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Primary Repair ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Senior Author ◽  
The Body ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip ◽  
Group A ◽  
Cleft Lip Repair ◽  
Group B

Objective: There have been few reports addressing asymmetric bilateral cleft lip repair with contralateral lesser form defects. Two studies have described the thin medial tubercle as the most common remaining labial deformity. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the use of a foxtail-shaped vermilion flap to reconstruct the median tubercle in primary repair. Design: A blinded retrospective study of photography and chart review. Setting: Shinshu University Hospital, tertiary care. Private practice. Patients: Forty-nine patients with asymmetric bilateral cleft lip with lesser form defects treated using a primary “unilateral” repair by the senior author (S.Y.) between 2007 and 2017. Interventions: The foxtail-shaped vermilion flap was applied at the time of the primary nasolabial repair. This flap is similar to Noordhoff laterally based triangular vermilion flap but with modifications to the shape and length. The body of the flap is wider than the pedicle to add tissue to the center of the vermilion, and the length is sufficiently elongated to reach the lesser side. Main Outcome Measure: Lip shape was graded on a 4-point scale when patients were 1 year old. Results: Twenty-two patients were treated with the foxtail-shaped vermilion flap (group A) and 27 patients with Noordhoff triangular vermilion flap (group B). Group A had a better lip shape than group B ( P = .006). Conclusions: The foxtail-shaped vermilion flap is useful to reconstruct the median tubercle in asymmetric bilateral cleft lip repair with contralateral lesser form defects.

scholarly journals Intra-Abdominal Pressure as a Marker of Enteral Nutrition Intolerance in Critically Ill Patients. The PIANE Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2616
Author(s):  
M Bordejé ◽  
Juan Montejo ◽  
M Mateu ◽  
Manuel Solera ◽  
Jose Acosta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Enteral Nutrition ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Urinary Catheter ◽  
Abdominal Pressure ◽  
Icu Patients ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Low Sensitivity

To determine whether elevated intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) is associated with a higher rate of enteral nutrition-related gastrointestinal (GI) complications; to assess the value of IAP as a predictor of enteral nutrition (EN) intolerance. Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients on mechanical ventilation requiring at least 5 days of EN were recruited for a prospective, observational, non-interventional, multicenter study. EN was performed and GI complications were managed with an established protocol. IAP was determined via a urinary catheter. Patients who developed any GI complications were considered as presenting EN intolerance. Variables related to EN, IAP and GI complications were monitored daily. Statistical analysis compared patients without GI complications (group A) vs. GI complications (group B). 247 patients were recruited from 28 participating ICUs (group A: 119, group B: 128). No differences between groups were recorded. Patients in group B (p < 0.001) spent more days on EN (8.1 ± 8.4 vs. 18.1 ± 13.7), on mechanical ventilation (8.0 ± 7.7 vs. 19.3 ± 14.9) and in the ICU (12.3 ± 11.4 vs. 24.8 ± 17.5). IAP prior to the GI complication was (14.3 ± 3.1 vs. 15.8 ± 4.8) (p < 0.003). The best IAP value identified for EN intolerance was 14 mmHg but it had low sensitivity and specificity. Although a higher IAP was associated with EN intolerance, IAP alone did not emerge as a good predictor of EN intolerance in critically ill patients.

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