scholarly journals Η αυτοαποτελεσματικότητα και η συλλογική αποτελεσματικότητα των δασκάλων της Κύπρου σε τάξεις συνεκπαίδευσης με μαθητές στο φάσμα του αυτισμού.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Κυριακή Κουλλαπή ◽  
Όλγα Λύρα
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Classroom Management ◽  
General Education ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Teachers Attitudes

ΠερίληψηΤο παρόν άρθρο εξετάζει τη συσχέτιση της αυτοαποτελεσματικότητας και της συλλογικής αποτελεσματικότητας των εκπαιδευτικών πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης στην Κύπρο, όταν καλούνται να διδάξουν σε τάξεις συνεκπαίδευσης, στις οποίες συμπεριλαμβάνονται μαθητές που έχουν διαγνωστεί με κάποια διαταραχή στο φάσμα του αυτισμού (ΔΑΦ). Πιο συγκεκριμένα, διερευνώνται οι παράγοντες που δύνανται να επιδράσουν στα επίπεδα της αυτοαποτελεσματικότητας και της συλλογικής αποτελεσματικότητας των δασκάλων μέσα από την οπτική γωνία των ίδιων, τόσο γενικά, όσο και σε περίπτωση που διδάσκουν μαθητές με ΔΑΦ, καθώς επίσης και ο τρόπος που οι δύο αυτές μορφές αποτελεσματικότητας σχετίζονται. Στόχος είναι η διερεύνηση των παραγόντων που επιδρούν στη στάση των εκπαιδευτικών όσον αφορά το θεσμό της συνεκπαίδευσης. Στο πλαίσιο της παρούσας έρευνας πραγματοποιήθηκαν ημιδομημένες συνεντεύξεις με 13 δασκάλους και τα δεδομένα αναλύθηκαν με βάση την ποιοτική μεθόδο της θεματικής ανάλυσης περιεχομένου (content analysis). Η ανάλυση των αποτελεσμάτων προσέφερε μια επαλήθευση του θεωρητικού σχήματος των Tschannen - Moran and Hoy (2001), το οποίο βασίζεται στη θεωρία της αυτοαποτελεσματικότητας του Bandura (1977), και καταλήγει στο συμπέρασμα ότι η ενεργός συμμετοχή των μαθητών κατά τη διαδικασία της μάθησης, η δυνατότητα διαχείρισης της τάξης, και οι εκπαιδευτικές στρατηγικές που επιλέγει να χρησιμοποιήσει ο εκάστοτε εκπαιδευτικός είναι οι τρεις κατηγορίες, στις οποίες συνοψίζονται οι παράγοντες που επιδρούν στα επίπεδα της αυτοαποτελεσματικότητας του. Αναδεικνύεται, συνεπώς, η αναγκαιότητα μιας αγαστής συνεργασίας ανάμεσα σε όλους τους εμπλεκόμενους στην εφαρμογή των αρχών της συνεκπαίδευσης στα γενικά σχολεία, ούτως ώστε να επιτευχθεί η όσο το δυνατόν μεγαλύτερη μείωση των παραγόντων που επιδρούν αρνητικά στα επίπεδα αυτοαποτελεσματικότητας των δασκάλων της γενικής εκπαίδευσης. Η συμβολή της συγκεκριμένης έρευνας έγκειται στο γεγονός ότι η διερεύνηση των στοιχείων αυτών αφορά σε δασκάλους που καλούνται να διδάξουν σε μαθητές με ΔΑΦ μέσα σε τάξεις συνεκπαίδευσης, καθώς η συγκεκριμένη ομάδα μαθητών εντάσσεται τα τελευταία χρόνια στα γενικά σχολεία.AbstractThe current article examines the relationship between perceived self-efficacy and collective efficacy among primary school teachers in Cyprus, who teach in classes that include students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In particular, we examine the factors that affect teachers’ self-efficacy and collective efficacy through their own perspective, both in general as well as in the case of teaching students with ASD. In addition, we study the way that these two types of effectiveness are related, with the aim of investigating the factors that affect teachers’ attitudes towards inclusion. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 13 teachers and the data were analysed via qualitative content analysis. The analysis of the results confirmed the theoretical scheme of Tschannen - Moran and Hoy (2001), based on Bandura's (1977) theory of self-efficacy. They concluded that student engagement during the lesson, classroom management and the instructional strategies that each teacher applies, are the three categories that summarize the factors that affect teachers’ perceptions of self-efficacy. Therefore, we underline the need for a genuine cooperation among all those involved in the application of the principles of inclusion in mainstream schools, so that the factors that negatively affect the levels of self-efficacy of general education teachers are reduced. The study draws timely implications concerning the practices of teachers who teach students with ASD in inclusive school settings, given that the presence of students with ASD in mainstream Cypriot schools has increased in recent years.

scholarly journals Self-Efficacy of People with Chronic Conditions: A Qualitative Directed Content Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ebrahimi Belil ◽  
Fatemeh Alhani ◽  
Abbas Ebadi ◽  
Anooshirvan Kazemnejad
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Family ◽  
Empowerment Model ◽  
Chronically Ill Patients

Background: Given the increasing prevalence of chronic illnesses and their complications, supporting and empowering chronically ill patients seems crucial. Self-efficacy is considered as a predictor for empowerment. The purpose of this study to explore of different aspects of self-efficacy among persons with chronic physical conditions based on the Family-Centered Empowerment Model (FCEM). Methods: this qualitative study is part of a larger study; sequential exploratory mixed-method for designing an instrument for the FCEM was conducted from May 2015 to March 2016 in two university hospitals. The sample was 22 participants, including chronically ill patients, family caregivers, and nurses. Data were collected through personal semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was performed concurrently with data collection through directed qualitative content analysis. Results: after determining the self-efficacy attributes in the family-center empowerment model, a category matrix was developed and the codes are placed in subcategories of the matrix. Most participants were female (58.0%), with a mean age of 49.50 years. The final analysis yielded a total of 247 units of analysis dispersed in eight subcategories belonging to four generic-categories. Conclusions: the findings of this study represent the dimensions of chronically-ill individuals’ self-efficacy that can be used to develop and implement programs for empowering chronic ill patients.

scholarly journals Development of Adaptation Tools for Pupils on the Autism Spectrum in Microsystems

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Alvyra Galkiene ◽  
Giedre Puskoriene
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
Adaptation Processes ◽  
Education Process

This research investigates the possibilities for the development of adaptation tools for pupils on the autism spectrum (AS), studying in the first and second forms, within their microsystems. Five mothers and five teachers of children on the AS participated in the research, and their insights help reveal the process of moving from one microsystem to another for a child on the AS. Children studying in the first and second forms were chosen because children experience a particularly significant social turning-point during this period. The following question is raised: How do synergy-driven processes taking place in the microsystems of pupils on the AS contribute to the development of the adaptation processes in these children? The research data was collected via semi-structured interviews and underwent qualitative content analysis. The research results reveal that the development of adaptation tools in children on the AS is determined by a mesosystem that covers various combinations of microsystems, and the synergy between the factors of the microsystems creates conditions for a child’s gradual transfer from one microsystem to another, perceiving the mechanisms of its functioning, and adapting within them. A mesosystem, which evolves on the school campus, within a family, and with specialists, not only encourages the development of adaptation tools in a child on the AS but also helps mothers to restore their inner harmony and actively engage in their children’s education process. In the microsystem of their peers, children on the AS acquire fundamental instruments for participation in community activities.

scholarly journals Views about sensory modulation from people with schizophrenia and treating staff: A multisite qualitative study

2021 ◽  
pp. 030802262098847
Author(s):  
Tawanda Machingura ◽  
Chris Lloyd ◽  
Karen Murphy ◽  
Sarah Goulder ◽  
David Shum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Treatment Option ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Sensory Modulation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Effective Training

Introduction Current non-pharmacological treatment options for people with schizophrenia are limited. There is, however, emerging evidence that sensory modulation can be beneficial for this population. This study aimed to gain insight into sensory modulation from the user’s and the treating staff’s perspectives. Method A qualitative content analysis design was used. Transcripts from occupational therapists ( n=11) and patients with schizophrenia ( n=13) derived from in-depth semi-structured interviews were analysed for themes using content analysis. Results Five themes emerged from this study: Service user education on the sensory approach is the key; A variety of tools should be tried; Sensory modulation provides a valued treatment option; There are challenges of managing perceived risk at an organisational level; and There is a shortage of accessible and effective training. Conclusion People with schizophrenia and treating staff had congruent perceptions regarding the use of sensory modulation as a treatment option. The findings suggest that sensory modulation can be a valued addition to treatment options for people with schizophrenia. We suggest further research on sensory modulation intervention effectiveness using quantitative methods so these results can be further explored.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Etiology among Parents of Children with ASD

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6774
Author(s):  
Wei-Ju Chen ◽  
Zihan Zhang ◽  
Haocen Wang ◽  
Tung-Sung Tseng ◽  
Ping Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Parental Perceptions ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Religious Factors

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social communication deficits and restricted or repetitive behaviors. Parental perceptions of the etiology of their child’s ASD can affect provider–client relationships, bonding between parents and their children, and the prognosis, treatment, and management of children with ASD. Thus, this study sought to examine the perceptions of ASD etiology of parents of children with ASD. Methods: Forty-two parents of children diagnosed with ASD were recruited across Texas. Semi-structured interviews were conducted individually. All interviews were recorded and later transcribed verbatim for content analysis utilizing NVivo 12.0 (QSR International, Doncaster, Australia). Results: The content analysis identified the following themes regarding parental perceptions of ASD etiology: Genetic factors (40.5%), environmental factors (31.0%), problems that occurred during pregnancy or delivery (23.8%), vaccinations (16.7%), other health problems (7.1%), parental age at the time of pregnancy (4.8%), and spiritual or religious factors (2.4%). Conclusions: The parental perceptions of ASD etiology were diverse, but several views, such as vaccinations and spiritual or religious factors, were not based on scientific evidence. Health professionals and researchers can use these findings to develop and provide targeted education to parents who have children with ASD. Our findings also support policymakers in developing campaigns designed to increase parental ASD awareness and knowledge.

scholarly journals Wrong Belief of Emergency Delay: A Qualitative Content Analysis in Iranian Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-206
Author(s):  
Elham Sepahvand ◽  
◽  
Hamidreza Khankeh ◽  
Mohammadali Hosseini ◽  
Behnam Akhbari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Professional Staff ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cord Injury

Background: During traffic accidents, professional staff provide care to the patient at the scene of the accident and then transport the victim to the hospital by ambulance. But sometimes this transition is carried out by relatives and laypeople. The purpose of this study was to explore the factors affecting people’s involvement and transmission of the victims of the traffic accident. Materials and Methods: This study was done with a qualitative content analysis method in 2018. The study participants were 16 people. In this study, a purposeful sampling method with maximum diversity was used. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data using guiding questions. To observe the research ethics, the researcher, after obtaining permission from the University Ethics Committee, conducted interviews (IR.USWR.REC.1395.399). Results: In total, 15 spinal cord injury victims and their relatives or laypeople and medical emergency technicians were interviewed. The class of wrong belief of delay was the main class in all interviews. Concepts such as past experiences, the pressure time, the lack of emergency time, cultural beliefs, and the tension explaining the wrong belief concept. Conclusion: Wrong belief of delay was a concept that was extracted from the present study. It is recommended that the scene of the accident be examined in-depth and how to create a spinal cord injury in the injured with a grounded theory approach.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Nurses’ Perceived Organizational Commitment: A Qualitative Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faribah Sepahvand ◽  
Foorozan Atashzadeh Shoorideh ◽  
Soroor Parvizy ◽  
Mansoureh Zagheri Tafreshi
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Nurse Managers ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Clinical Nurses

Objective: Nurses’ organizational commitment is one of the most important factors that facilitates their professional evolution and influences the method of care provision, quality of care, and patients’ satisfaction. The aim of this study was identified the factors that affect nurses’ perceived organizational commitment. Material and Methods: This qualitative study, conducted on 16 clinical nurses employed in Social Security Hospital of Khorramabad, Iran, during five months from May to September 2015, used deep semi-structured interviews. Purposive sampling method was used for the selection of nurses and the data were analyzed using conventional qualitative content analysis. Lincoln & Guba’s criteria were used to secure data accuracy and stability. Results: Sixteen subcategories, five categories, and three themes were distilled during content analysis process. The abstracted themes included “organizational factors”, “occupational challenges”, and “contributory management”. Conclusion: Our findings showed that numerous factors present in nurses’ profession and work environment may influence the rate of nurses’ interest and commitment in the hospital and the related organization. Hence, nurse managers can foster the promotion of nurses’ organizational commitment through creating the required suitable conditions. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(2) 2019 p.303-311

How Do Coaches Experience Psychological Momentum? A Qualitative Study of Female Elite Handball Teams

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Moesch ◽  
Erwin Apitzsch
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Competitive Sports ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Psychological Momentum ◽  
Behavioral Aspects

Psychological Momentum (PM) is commonly referred to in competitive sports, but still has to be considered elusive from a scientific perspective. This study explores coaches’ perception of triggers, strategies and characteristics of PM in female elite handball teams. Semi-structured interviews with nine coaches were evaluated using a qualitative content analysis. The results revealed that positive and negative PM were characterized by factors regarding behavior, cognition, confidence, emotions, and the team. Triggers for positive PM were categorized into confidence, players’ individual factors, team factors, and team-opponent-factors, whereas triggers for negative PM related to coach factors, confidence, external factors, players’ individual factors, and team factors. Moreover, strategies emerged that are considered beneficial for controlling PM. The results are discussed with emphasis on behavioral aspects, confidence, emotions, team factors, and application. Foundations based on this study and recent research lead to the assumption that PM is probably best portrayed in a circular approach.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Reasons for Infidelity in Women with Extra-marital Relationships: A Qualitative Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shima Messripour ◽  
Ozra Etemadi ◽  
Seyed Ahmad Ahmadi ◽  
Rezvanosadat Jazayeri
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Marital Relationships ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Marital Conflicts ◽  
Intrapersonal Factors

<p>Due to the higher statistics of male infidelity, the focus of previous studies has been on investigating the reasons for infidelity in this gender group. On the other hand; since marital infidelity is a phenomenon that affects every country’s culture, people, and even families, the results of research studies conducted overseas cannot be fully implicated to Iranian families. To this end, this study aimed at analyzing the reasons behind infidelity in women with extra-marital relationships in the form of a qualitative study. This study was conducted through a qualitative research approach and by using the content analysis method. Participants included 11 women referred to the counseling centers in the city of Isfahan. Purposive sampling was used and continued until data saturation. Semi-structured interviews were employed as the primary method of data collection. The data were analyzed via qualitative content analysis and constant comparative analysis methods. After the examination and division of the basic concepts, 800 initial codes were extracted from interviews. The categories were created based on the codes following several reviews and summarizations on the basis of similarities. By the nature, these conceptual and abstract themes were named in three categories of intrapersonal factors, marital conflicts, and sexual reasons. The factors affecting female infidelity in this study had three dimensions. These factors included intrapersonal factors, marital conflicts, and sexual reasons. These findings can help psychologists, family counselors, and planners in the field of the social sciences identify the efficient scopes and purposes.</p>

scholarly journals City brand image formation by urban heritage initiatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 29-42
Author(s):  
Miglė Černikovaitė ◽  
Žaneta Karazijienė
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Brand Image ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
City Brand ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Urban Heritage ◽  
The City

In today's world, as cities compete in the marketplace, strategies for creating a city brand image are often shaped solely to meet the aspirations of profit, business development, and awareness. The preservation of culture, historical, and urban heritage remains important only in urban development strategies and not in actual development actions. The truth is, the image of a city is shaped by different historical, political, demographic, sociological, and economic factors which make up what we perceive as the brand image of a city. However, one of the most noticeable elements of the brand image of a city is the urban heritage based on national traditions. The aim of this article is to evaluate the effects of urban heritage initiatives in the creation of the brand image of the city of Vilnius. Research methods used in this article are qualitative content analysis and expert semi-structured interviews. Main conclusions stimulate debate, hesitation and criticism from communities and city researchers for using new heritage object and culture initiatives in order to create the brand image of Vilnius. The influence of urban heritage is inevitable when modelling the brand image of Vilnius, but there are no effective strategies to deal with the new urban heritage initiatives by creating the brand image of Vilnius yet.

scholarly journals Teachers’ attitudes towards inclusive education of children with ASD: A review of Russian and foreign research

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 189-210
Author(s):  
R. M. Aysina ◽  
A. A. Nesterova ◽  
T. F. Suslova ◽  
V. V. Khitryuk
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Academic Publications ◽  
Students With Autism ◽  
Teachers Attitudes

Introduction. Contemporary psychological and pedagogical studies emphasise that the success of inclusive education of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) depends largely on teachers’ readiness and ability to understand students’ with ASD specific needs and take them into account when implementing learning technologies. Thus, it is extremely important to investigate teachers’ attitudes towards educational inclusion of students with autism and identify factors, which may facilitate or hinder teachers’ readiness to work with this category of students in an inclusive format.Aim. On the basis of an analytical review of Russian and foreign academic publications, the aims of the research were the following: to identify and specify the attitudes of teachers to the educational education of children with ASD; to reveal the factors that determine educators’ readiness to teach children with ASD.Methodology and research methods. The theoretical and methodological framework of the research involves social and psychological concepts of an inclusive culture formation in the society. The authors used the methods of theoretical and comparative analysis, systematisation and generalisation of research publications and materials concerning the origins of stereotypical views of different social groups towards children with autism and the problems of professional training of teachers to work in the conditions of inclusion.Results and scientific novelty. The teachers’ attitudes towards children with ASD are highlighted and described on the basis of a complete and complex review of academic publications, which was undertaken for the first time. The authors identify the reasons for positive attitude towards this kind of inclusion and barriers preventing the perception of students with autism as full participants in the educational process. The rejection of idea concerning the possibility and effectiveness of mutual learning of schoolchildren with normative development and with ASD results from the teachers’ characteristics (lack of awareness about the heterogeneity of autism and its manifestations, uncertainty in own forces and abilities to interact with children with expressed emotional and behavioural disorders) and from the lack of methodological and advisory assistance, including the absence of support by an interdisciplinary team of specialists. The age and profile of teachers’ professional activities may also be influenced by the willingness to work in the conditions of inclusion with children with ASD. The recommendations for change in negative attitudes of general education school teachers to the discussed type of inclusion are proposed.Practical significance. The research results can be used to develop a set of measures for improving the inclusive culture of teachers and eliminate their skepticism about teaching in mainstream educational institutions for children with ASD. Moreover, the present findings might help to design specific technologies for interaction with children both in the educational context and in the widest range of social situations. 

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