scholarly journals Delayed ejaculation and alexithymia: what is the relationship?

F1000Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Maria Michetti ◽  
Stefano Eleuteri ◽  
Marta Giuliani ◽  
Roberta Rossi ◽  
Chiara Simonelli
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Sexual Dysfunctions ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Delayed Ejaculation ◽  
Ejaculation Latency ◽  
Intravaginal Ejaculation Latency Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Personality Construct ◽  
Tas 20

Delayed Ejaculation (DE) is probably the least studied and understood of the male sexual dysfunctions (MSD). There is still little unanimity concerning its psychological/interpersonal aetiology. Previous studies found that MSD are strongly related with alexithymia, a multifaceted personality construct that describes a disturbance in the regulation of emotions.The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of alexithymia in men with DE and correlate alexithymia levels with DE severity. According to specific features of the symptoms, we hypothesized that alexithymia would not be correlated with this specific sexual disorder.54 outpatients with a diagnosis of DE assessed at the Institute of Clinical Sexology and the Urology Department of Sapienza, University in Rome were enrolled in the study. DE was diagnosed after a specialist examination and according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders -IV-TR criteria. Participants were provided with the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (20 items; TAS-20), a self-measure of the Intravaginal Ejaculation Latency Time and an ad hoc questionnaire to collect anamnestic data.9.3% of patients could be categorized as alexithymics, 9.3% of them as borderline, while 81.4% of the sample was found to be non-alexithymic. The overall average TAS-20 score was 45.46. Results show that alexithymia is correlated neither with the presence of DE nor with its severity, in contrast to other MSDs, where this condition was found in about 30% of patients.The data presented suggest that DE, although not correlated to alexithymia, is probably related to other psychogenic features such as hypercontrol configuration. This paper can contribute to the understanding of DE, by excluding one of the possible etiological factors, previously found to be important in the onset and the maintenance of the other MSDs. More studies are needed in order to better understand DE and provide recommendations about treatment.

scholarly journals Exercise Addiction and Perfectionism: A Systematic Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gizem Çakın ◽  
Ignatius Darma Juwono ◽  
Marc N. Potenza ◽  
Attila Szabo
Keyword(s):  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Exercise Addiction ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background and aims Exercise addiction may be conceptualized as a behavioral addiction in which a person develops an unhealthy obsession with exercise and physical activity. While exercise addiction is not a formally recognized disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual or the International Classification of Diseases, it has been studied and connected to both personal and situational factors. Perfectionism is a feature that has been strongly linked to exercise addiction. The objective of this systematic literature review, performed by following the PRISMA protocol, was to examine relationships between exercise addiction and perfectionism while also considering the subdimensions of perfectionism in different groups. Methods Three databases (PsycINFO, PubMed/Medline, and SPORTDiscus) were examined. Sixty relevant articles were identified, of which 22 met inclusion criteria. Results The findings substantiate that perfectionism and its dimensions are weakly or moderately related to exercise addiction. This relationship has been observed in adults, adolescents, athletes, and patients with eating disorders. Of the 22 studies examined, only one did not identify an association between perfectionism or its subdomain(s) and exercise addiction. However, in most studies, the common variance between perfectionism and exercise addiction is relatively small, raising questions regarding the clinical relevance of the relationship. Conclusion Perfectionism is related to exercise addiction, but the strength of the relationship varies in different circumstances, which should be examined in future research.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Peteet ◽  
Mary Lynn Dell ◽  
Wai Lun Alan Fung
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Ethics Committees ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Cultural Formulation ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Religious Professionals ◽  
The Relationship

Historical tensions between psychiatry and religion continue to hinder dialogue and restrict consensus on how to approach areas of overlap in clinical decision making. In Part One, contributors to this volume discuss concerns arising in the general areas of values, religious and psychiatric ethics, diagnosis and treatment, and the work of religious professionals and ethics committees. In Part Two, chapter authors consider these issues as they arise within various subspecialties of psychiatric practice, often using the Jonsen Four Topics (or Four Quadrants) Model. The theme of the relationship between religion and culture runs throughout and is addressed more directly than in the Outline for Cultural Formulation in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5).

An Examination of Chronic Pain Indices and the Updated Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental-Disorders-Fifth Edition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Lehinger ◽  
David E Reed ◽  
Paul Nabity ◽  
Nicole Brackins ◽  
Robert Villarreal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Symptom Clusters ◽  
Pain Severity ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Introduction Chronic pain and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) comorbidity is prevalent among veterans and is associated with increased levels of pain severity and pain-related disability. An improved understanding of the relationship between these co-occurring disorders, in addition to effective integrated treatments, will develop by considering the changes to the PTSD diagnostic criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). The current study examined the relationship between the revised PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) symptom clusters (i.e., intrusion, avoidance, negative alterations in cognition and mood [NACM], and arousal) and chronic pain measurements (i.e., pain severity, interference, and disability). Materials and Methods Participants included 103 veterans (ages 26-70, mean = 45.33) participating in a randomized clinical trial examining the efficacy of an interdisciplinary pain management program for chronic musculoskeletal pain. The study was approved by a university system Institutional Review Board and affiliated healthcare system. Results The participants with a provisional PTSD diagnosis based on PCL-5 responses (N = 76) had significantly greater pain severity, interference, and disability than the participants without a provisional diagnosis (N = 23). Correlations between symptom clusters and pain measurements were mostly significant and positive with varying strengths. The avoidance symptom cluster, however, had relatively weaker correlations with pain measurements and was not significantly associated with the numeric rating scale of pain severity. Path analyses revealed that, after controlling for avoidance symptoms, significant associations remained between NACM and all the pain measurements. After controlling for NACM symptoms, however, there were no significant associations between avoidance symptoms and pain measurements. Conclusion The current study highlights a need to re-examine the leading theories about the mutual maintenance of these disorders in order to develop effective integrative treatment approaches. PTSD-related avoidance may have a relatively weaker role in co-occurring chronic pain than the other symptom clusters and may have a qualitatively different role than chronic pain–related avoidance. Future research should explore the relationship between the avoidance in PTSD and the avoidance in chronic pain as well as identify which chronic pain measurements are the most useful when examining the relationship between PTSD and chronic pain. The potential impact of trauma-related cognition and mood on chronic pain indicates that this is an important area for intervention and should be considered in the development of integrated treatments for chronic pain and PTSD among veterans.

Male Sexual Dysfunction

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Eisenberg ◽  
Kathleen Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Delayed Ejaculation ◽  
Ejaculation Latency ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Male Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Male Sexual Function ◽  
Intravaginal Ejaculation Latency Time

Normal male sexual function requires complex interactions among psychological, neurologic, hormonal, and vascular systems. Under the influence of proper stimulation, the acquisition and maintenance of a penile erection occur. Male sexual dysfunction includes erectile dysfunction (ED), impaired libido, and abnormal ejaculation, which occur due to aberrations in normal male sexual response. Estimates suggest a prevalence of approximately 10 to 20% in the adult male population. Thus, sexual dysfunction is a common problem in this country. This chapter focuses on several key, common components of male sexual dysfunction: namely, ED, premature ejaculation (PE), and Peyronie disease (PD). Figures include management algorithms, a graph depicting distribution of intravaginal ejaculation latency time values in a random cohort of men, and a Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM). Tables list medications associated with ED, oral therapies for the treatment of PD, intralesional therapies for PD, indications for surgical correction of PD, recommended questions to establish the diagnosis of PE, treatment options for PE, and causes of delayed ejaculation, anejaculation, and anorgasmia.This chapter contains 5 highly rendered figures, 8 tables, 116 references, 1 teaching slide set, and 5 MCQs.

scholarly journals Risk factors of premature ejaculation and its influence on sexual function of spouse

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hu Li ◽  
Pan Gao ◽  
Jingjing Gao ◽  
Xu Wu ◽  
Guodong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Premature Ejaculation ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Female Sexual Function ◽  
Female Partners ◽  
Ejaculation Latency ◽  
Intravaginal Ejaculation Latency Time ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Premature ejaculation (PE) is a multifactorial problem with a complicated aetiology that has detrimental effects on female partners’ sexual function. However, there is a lack of studies on the relationship between the factors related to PE and female sexual dysfunction (FSD) in China. We aimed to identify and explore the relationship between the factors associated with PE and FSD. Results Ultimately, information was collected from 761 couples: 445 couples with PE complaints and 316 couples without PE complaints. The mean ages of the men with and without PE complaints were 36.29 ± 9.87 years and 31.48 ± 10.77 years, respectively. Female partners in the group with PE complaints reported lower total and subdomain female sexual function index (FSFI) scores, and approximately 65% of them were diagnosed with FSD (vs. control group: 31.96%). A PE duration of more than 14 months, a self-estimated intravaginal ejaculation latency time (self-estimated IELT) less than 2 min, a negative attitude towards PE problems, men’s introversion, and men’s depression were risk factors for FSD in the PE group. Conclusions PE affects not only the patient himself but also the spouse. Comprehensive analysis reveals a clear relationship and interaction between female sexual function and PE. Moreover, in PE treatment, we should not ignore the occurrence of FSD and its impact and should emphasize the treatment of couples together.

scholarly journals Nosographic considerations on obsessive-compulsive disorder occurring exclusively during the menstrual phase

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hicham Laaraj ◽  
◽  
Mina Ouhamou ◽  
Omar El Omari ◽  
Jalal Doufik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Menstrual Phase ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the menstrual cycle and mood disturbances has been described in the literature and is linked to changes in the secretion of sex hormones. Rare studies have reported the exacerbation of obsessions during menstruation, while no case reports the onset of premenstrual Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Nosographically, obsessive symptoms are not part of premenstrual syndrome, and no specification of the menstrual cycle for obsessive disorders was mentioned in DSM 5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders). We report a 39-year-old patient followed for panic disorder since adolescence, and who currently presents for obsessive symptoms that meet the diagnostic criteria for an obsessive-compulsive disorder, and which have the particularity of occurring exclusively during menstruation. Our case emphasizes the importance of establishing a new nosographic framework that takes into account the development of obsessive-compulsive symptoms related to the menstrual cycle. Keywords: Obsessive-compulsive disorder; menstruation cycle; nosography.

scholarly journals Cognitive Insight as the Differentiating Feature of Psychosis and Anxiety

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Fatahi ◽  
◽  
Abbas Ramezani Farani ◽  
Ahmad Ashuri ◽  
Seyed Vahid Shariat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Dysfunctional Attitudes ◽  
Anxiety Group ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Cognitive Insight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Positive Symptoms Of Psychosis ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: Cognitive theories and research have focused on the relationship between emotions, particularly anxiety, and the positive symptoms of psychosis. The aim of this study, based on Beck’s cognitive theory, was to compare dysfunctional attitudes and cognitive insight between patients with anxiety disorders and those with delusion. Methods: The study sample consisted of 90 participants in 3 groups (anxiety=30, delusion=30, healthy=30). The study subjects were interviewed using Structured Clinical Interview (SCID-I) for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV). Then, they completed Beck Anxiety Inventory (BDI), Peters et al.’s Delusions Inventory (PDI), General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28), Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale-26 (DAS-26), and Beck Cognitive Insight Scale (BCIS). Results: The present research results indicated that anxiety and delusion groups presented significantly greater dysfunctional attitudes than the healthy subjects (P<0.001); however, there was no significant difference between the clinical groups. The anxiety group had significantly higher cognitive insight than the delusional (P<0.05) and normal groups (P<0.01); however, there was no significant difference between the last two groups. Conclusion: Dysfunctional attitudes can be considered as a common aspect and cognitive insight as a differentiating aspect of anxiety and psychosis.

Male Sexual Dysfunction

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Eisenberg ◽  
Kathleen Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Delayed Ejaculation ◽  
Ejaculation Latency ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Male Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Male Sexual Function ◽  
Intravaginal Ejaculation Latency Time

Normal male sexual function requires complex interactions among psychological, neurologic, hormonal, and vascular systems. Under the influence of proper stimulation, the acquisition and maintenance of a penile erection occur. Male sexual dysfunction includes erectile dysfunction (ED), impaired libido, and abnormal ejaculation, which occur due to aberrations in normal male sexual response. Estimates suggest a prevalence of approximately 10 to 20% in the adult male population. Thus, sexual dysfunction is a common problem in this country. This chapter focuses on several key, common components of male sexual dysfunction: namely, ED, premature ejaculation (PE), and Peyronie disease (PD). Figures include management algorithms, a graph depicting distribution of intravaginal ejaculation latency time values in a random cohort of men, and a Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM). Tables list medications associated with ED, oral therapies for the treatment of PD, intralesional therapies for PD, indications for surgical correction of PD, recommended questions to establish the diagnosis of PE, treatment options for PE, and causes of delayed ejaculation, anejaculation, and anorgasmia.This chapter contains 5 highly rendered figures, 8 tables, 116 references, 1 teaching slide set, and 5 MCQs.

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