Dynamics of the global tourism market

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 99-111
Author(s):  
Елена Поворина ◽  
Elena Povorina ◽  
Ирина Суслова ◽  
Irina Suslova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
International Travel ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
Promising Area ◽  
Global Tourism ◽  
World Tourism Organization ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Developed Countries

Tourism is one of the most profitable and rapidly developing sectors of the economy and it plays an important role in ensuring sustainable socio-economic development of many countries and regions. Tourism is recognized internationally as the most promising area of activity that is essential not only in terms of economic growth, foreign exchange earnings and employment, but also for environmental, cultural and social awareness, peace and recognition of international cooperation. Tourist activity in the developed countries is an important source of revenue for the state. In addition to the apparent profitability of tourism is also one of the most powerful factors in enhancing the prestige of the country, the growth of its value in the eyes of the international community and ordinary citizens. The article analyzes the international tourism market for the period from 1990 to 2013, the profits of international tourism and international travel expenses on the basis of data from the World Tourism Organization. The study is conducted for the market in general, as well as in the context of advanced economies and emerging economies, by regions, as well as major tourist destinations. The results of the analysis are presented for the global tourism market by international tourist arrivals and receipts from international tourism in the regions. The place of Russia in international tourist arrivals, international tourism revenues and expenditures of international tourism is analyzed. The dynamics of income from international tourism and international travel expenses of the Russian Federation are presented. The authors emphasize that the international travel expenses of the Russian Federation are far ahead of its earnings.

From Township Tourism, Semigration, and Second-Home Tourism

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Unathi Sonwabile Henama
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Second Home ◽  
Global Tourism ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Township Tourism ◽  
Developed World

Tourism is disproportionally important for African economies, considering that Africa receives less than 10% of the global tourism receipts. The majority of international travel occurs between the developed world, which means that the positive economic impacts of tourism are shared amongst the developed countries. Tourism has become the number one foreign exchange earner for many countries in Africa, diversifying the economy from either agriculture or mining. Tourism is developed with the intention that it will improve the quality-of-life and standard of living of the local community. The tourism industry has shown sustained growth, and it is regarded as a panacea for the plethora of challenges facing many countries. The structural challenges that face the economy in South Africa require an economic sector that can create immediate employment and catalyse the economy.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY AT THE CONTEMPORARY STAGE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
K. D. Kovaleva ◽  
◽  
A. A. Sagdeeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Developed Countries

The article examines the role of digitalization in modern market relations. The key aspects of the development of the digital economy are reflected, as well as the role of IT companies in the global eco-nomic arena. The experience of digitalization in the Russian Federation, aspects of the development of information and communication technologies are considered. The structure of expenses of households and organizations of various sectors of the economy in terms of the use of information and communication technologies and digital technologies has been analyzed. The developed countries of the world are actively involved in the implementation of digital technologies, both at the enterprise level and at the level of all countries. The econ-omy of the Russian Federation, which is part of the global world economic system, is also trying to make the most of the benefits of digitalization. Households in the Russian Federation actively use information and com-munication technologies to improve their quality of life. In addition, the article presents data on various software tools that are currently used by Russian companies.

Integral method for evaluating the activity results of main offices of EMERCOM of Russia for the subjects of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-54
Author(s):  
Александр Васильевич Матюшин ◽  
Юрий Александрович Матюшин ◽  
Александр Георгиевич Фирсов ◽  
Валентина Сергеевна Гончаренко
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Object Of Control ◽  
Damage Risk

Предложена математическая модель и рассчитаны значения риска причинения вреда (ущерба) в результате пожаров в субъекте Российской Федерации. Субъекты Российской Федерации распределены по категориям уровня обеспечения пожарной безопасности в зависимости от расчетного значения риска причинения вреда (ущерба) в результате пожаров в субъекте Российской Федерации. Предложены оценки результатов деятельности ГУ МЧС России в зависимости от риска причинения вреда (ущерба) и категории уровня обеспечения пожарной безопасности, к которому отнесены субъекты Российской Федерации. The regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation establish that the criteria for assigning objects of control to the categories of damage risk should be formed based on the results of the damage risk assessment. In the developed countries of the world, as a rule, the distribution of objects of control by risk categories is used to justify the frequency of their inspections and is carried out depending either on the point risk assessment or on the number and seriousness of violations of mandatory fire safety requirements identified during the inspection of the object of control. In the literature sources there are no mathematical models for determining the damage risk as a result of a fire in buildings for evaluating the activity results of fire authorities (Main offices of EMERCOM of Russia). The purpose of this work was to develop and test a mathematical model for evaluating the activity and rating of the Main offices of EMERCOM of Russia for the subjects of the Russian Federation based on the category of fire safety level. As a criterion for assigning the subjects of the Russian Federation to different categories of fire safety level it is proposed to use the damage risk as a result of a fire in buildings located on the territory of the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation. The mathematical model has been developed to determine the damage risk of causing harm (damage) as a result of a fire in a building and there is given its assessment for buildings on the territory of each subject of the Russian Federation. There was carried out the distribution of the subjects of the Russian Federation according to the categories of fire safety based on the calculated value of damage risk. It is shown that such distribution significantly depends on the objectivity of statistical information on fires and the number of buildings on the territory of each subject of the Russian Federation. The assessment of the activity results for each of 86 EMERCOM of Russia Main offices was made and they were rated based on the category of fire safety level of the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation.

PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE ELECTRONIC PRESCRIBTION SYSTEM IN RUSSIA. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 8-8
Author(s):  
S.E. Rauzina ◽  
◽  
V.A. Shelgunov ◽  
T.V. Zarubina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Information Space ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Medical Information System ◽  
Electronic Prescription ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Developed Countries

Development and implementation of the electronic prescription system is one of the priority areas of eHealth which fulfils a number of functions from prescribing medicines to comprehensive analysis of information and support for medical and management decisions. The current Russian legal framework legitimizes a doctor's prescription in the form of an electronic document. However, there is no definition of the following concepts in the legal acts: “Electronic prescription” and “Electronic prescription system”. The subject of the study is information space in the field of electronic prescription. The purpose is to study the Russian and foreign experience in its implementation, problems and prospects for its introduction at the national and cross-border level on the basis of descriptive and analytical methods. Analysis of the situation in the developed countries shows that currently most of the countries have implemented the electronic prescription system which involves physicians, pharmacists, regulatory organizations, insurance companies, and patients. This system ensures rapid interaction between all parties, lower medical errors, monitoring of medicines’ use, information analysis, and enables the patient to see the prescribed and provided medicines. Large-scale European eHealth projects of the last decade have initiated the exchange of digital prescriptions at the cross-border level, when a patient can get medicines from a pharmacy in the country of temporal residence with a prescription issued in the country of permanent resistance. Information support for the processes of prescribing and dispensing medicines in different regions of the Russian Federation is uneven, from its almost complete absence to full-fledged information systems close to the best analogues in the developed countries by functionality. Specific features of implementing the electronic prescription system in Russia are related to the obligatory registration of information related to supply of medicines to benefit recipients, involvement into circulation of medicines of systems and subsystems of various organizations: registration, keeping the state register of medicines, monitoring of medicine movement, monitoring of procurement, prescription and write off in health care facilities, dispensing within the pharmacy network, circulation of medicines and medical devices of the Eurasian Economic Union countries. It is impossible to develop a full-fledged system of electronic prescription in the Russian Federation without consolidated efforts of all parties, legislative consolidation of basic concepts, a unified information space, and standard data management approaches. Keywords: eHealth; electronic prescription (e-prescription); electronic prescription system; system of electronic drug prescription; medical information system; information system of drug provision to benefit recipients; information support for prescription.

scholarly journals TOURISM INDUSTRY OBJECTS CERTIFICATION UNDER THE "HALAL FRIENDLY" PROGRAM: THE MODERN ASPECT

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 41-53
Author(s):  
Лилия Духовная ◽  
Liliya Duhovnaya
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Political Events ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
Market Economic ◽  
Global Tourism ◽  
The Russian Federation

Over the past few years, the structure and scale of international tourist flows have undergone several significant changes, which affected the situation on the global tourism market. Economic and political events are the reason for changing the format of the structure and quantitative indicators. The article analyzes the current state and development trends of one of the most promising areas in tourism - halal tourism based on the current experience of serving this category of tourists in the world. The author present analytical data characterizing the steady increase in the flow of tourists, who follow Islam. On the base of the Global Muslim Travel Index-2016 rating (International Index of Muslim Travels) the author identifies the most and least friendly countries for this segment of tourists, and considers the specifics of the service of tourists following Islam in the countries that hold the leading positions of the rating. The information of the Federal Agency for Tourism of the Russian Federation and a number of authoritative expert assessments clearly demonstrate the increase in the flow of tourists from the countries of the Middle East and Asia-Pacific re-gions. Based on this data, the author analyzes the state, problems and develop-ment prospects for this direction of tourism in the Russian Federation. All this confirms the viability of implementing the tourism industry objects certification under the "Halal Friendly" program. The author examines in detail the essence and specific features of introducing the experience of certification under the "Halal Friendly" program based on the examples of individual Russian cities and regions. The author draws special at-tention to the fact that certification of a significant number of tourist facilities is still a debating issue and is actively discussed in various professional communi-ties.

Global Tourism Trends to 1997: Africa

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-204
Author(s):  
Raphael Raymond Bar-On
Keyword(s):  
International Tourism ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Tourism ◽  
World Tourism Organization ◽  
Tourism Organization

The World Tourism Organization (WTO) reported 613 million international tourist arrivals (excluding day-visitors) in 1997 worldwide, 3.1% above 1996, with Receipts reported from international tourism totalling US$444 billion, 2.2% above 1996 (in current US$, including receipts from day-visitors, excluding International Fares). Tourist arrivals are presented for 47 countries of WTO's Africa Region (by Sub-Regions), totalling 23.3 million tourist arrivals, 8.1% above 1996, and their receipts from international tourism, totalling US$8.7 billion, 4.8% above 1996.

scholarly journals COVID-19 mortality rate in Russia: forecasts and reality evaluation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Lifshits ◽  
Natalia Neklyudova
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Developed Countries

COVID-19 is an extremely dangerous disease that not only spreads quickly, but is also characterized by a high mortality rate. Therefore, predicting the number of deaths from the new coronavirus is an urgent task. The aim of the study is to analyze the factors affecting COVID-19 mortality rate in various countries, to predict direct and indirect victims of the pandemic in the Russian Federation, and to estimate additional mortality during the pandemic based on the demographic data. The main research method is econometric modeling. Comparison of various data was also applied. The authors' calculations were based on data from the RSSS, the World Bank, as well as specialized sites with coronavirus statistics in Russia and in the world. A predictive estimation of the deceased number of people due to the pandemic in Russia was made. It is confirmed that the deaths proportion of the completed cases of the disease depends on the level of testing. It is shown that the revealed mortality of the disease depends on the proportion of completed cases, on the population age structure, and on how early the pandemic entered the country compared to the other countries. It is determined that the number of additional deaths due to the coronavirus is approximately 31 thousand people. The analysis revealed that the relatively low proportion of COVID in Russia is the result of a special approach to the cause of death determination. The mortality rate in Russia in April 2020 was about 3% higher than in April 2019. The share of the deceased health workers in the total coronavirus mortality in the Russian Federation is higher than in the developed countries, which indicates an underestimation of the data on COVID- 19 deaths in the Russian Federation, and the unsatisfactory quality of the Russian healthcare system. The number of direct and indirect victims of the pandemic in the Russian Federation at the end of July was approximately 43 thousand people.

Reform of the system of development institutions of the Far East: directions and tasks

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
I. S. Khvan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Far East ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Market Failures ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Development Institutions ◽  
State Corporation ◽  
The Russian Federation

Development institutions are an important modern instrument of government regulation of the economy in all developed countries. The system of development institutions of the Russian Federation includes the federal and regional development institutions. Key federal development institutions include such well-known state corporations as the investment fund of the Russian Federation; the State Corporation "Bank for Development and Foreign Economic Activity (Vnesheconombank)"; the state corporation "Russian Corporation of Nanotechnologies," etc. According to experts of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, about 200 regional development institutions operate on the territory of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The objectives of this extensive system of development institutions so far have been to overcome the so-called "market failures," which cannot be optimally realized by the market mechanisms, and to promote the sustained economic growth of a country or an individual region. In November 2020, the Government of the Russian Federation announced the reform of the system of development institutions in the country. The article analyzes the goals and main directions of the announced reform. On the example of the system of development institutions of the Far East, an attempt was made to assess its possible consequences.

Risk-Oriented Model of the Distribution of Buildings (Structures) by Categories of Risk of Causing Harm (Damage) as the Result of Fire to Substantiate the Frequency of Scheduled Inspections of the Buildings (Structures)

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
A.V. Matyushin ◽  
◽  
A.G. Firsov ◽  
Yu.A. Matyushin ◽  
V.S. Goncharenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Fire Occurrence ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Record Card ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Object Of Control ◽  
Risk Categories

Normative legal acts of the Russian Federation establish that the criteria for assigning control objects to the categories of risk of causing harm should be formed based on the results of the assessment of the risk of causing harm. In the developed countries of the world, as a rule, the distribution of objects of control by risk categories and the substantiation of the frequency of their inspections are carried out depending either on the point risk assessment, or on the number and importance of the violations of mandatory fire safety requirements revealed during the inspection of the object of control. The purpose of this work is to substantiate the frequency of scheduled inspections of the objects of control by the state fire supervision bodies depending on whether the objects of protection belong to a particular category of risk of causing harm. As a criterion for assigning control objects to various categories of risk of causing harm, it is proposed to use the risk of causing harm (damage) as the result of fire in the buildings of various classes of functional fire hazard, which is understood as the product of the probability of fire occurrence, the probability of causing socio-economic harm (damage) as the result of fire and the value terms of socio-economic harm (damage). A mathematical model was developed to determine the risk of causing harm (damage) as the result of a fire in a building, and an assessment of its values for the buildings of various classes of functional fire hazard is given. Distribution of the buildings by categories of risk of causing harm (damage) was carried out depending on the calculated value of the risk of causing harm. It is shown that the distribution of control objects by risk categories significantly depends on the degree of detail in the fire record card of the characteristics of the building in which the fire occurred. The optimal terms for carrying out scheduled inspections of the objects of control are proposed depending on the category of risk to which they are assigned. Proposals are formulated concerning the improvement of the risk-oriented approach in the activities of the state fire supervision bodies of the EMERCOM of Russia.

ЮНВТО Всемирная туристская Барометр, и статистическое приложение Обновленная информация, ИСентябрь 2021 года

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-40
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
International Travel ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Modest Improvement ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Travel Restrictions ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Roll Out ◽  
Made In

International tourism shows slight recovery in June and July 2021 driven by vaccinations and border reopening International tourist arrivals (overnight visitors) in the first seven months of 2021 were 40% below the levels of 2020, and still 80% down when compared to the same period of pre-pandemic year 2019. After a weak start of the year, international tourism saw a modest improvement during the months of June and July 2021. The small improvement in June and July was underpinned by the reopening of many destinations to international travel, mostly in Europe and the Americas. The relaxation of travel restrictions to vaccinated travellers, coupled with progress made in the roll-out of COVID-19 vaccines, contributed to ease travel restrictions, lift consumer confidence and gradually restore safe mobility in Europe and other parts of the world. Small islands in the Caribbean, Africa, and Asia and the Pacific, together with a few small European destinations recorded the best performance in June and July, with arrivals coming close to, or sometimes exceeding pre-pandemic levels. July (-67%) saw comparatively better performance than June (-77%), making it the best month so far since April 2020. Asia and the Pacific continued to suffer the weakest results in January-July 2021, with a 95% drop in international arrivals compared to the same period in 2019. The Middle East (-82%) recorded the second largest decline, followed by Europe and Africa (both -77%). The Americas (-68%) saw a comparatively smaller decrease. Although destinations continued to report very weak international tourism revenues in the first seven months of 2021, several countries recorded a modest improvement in the months of June and July, and some even surpassed the earnings of 2019. The same is true for outbound travel. Among the larger source markets, France (-35% over 2019) and the United States (-49%) saw a small rebound in expenditure in July. Despite the relative improvement over the low levels of 2020, international tourism remained well below 2019 levels. This is also reflected in the evaluation made by the UNWTO Panel of Experts in the September survey, showing mixed results for the period May-August 2021. Looking ahead, most experts continue to expect a rebound in 2022, driven by unleashed pent-up demand, mostly during the second and third quarter of that year. Nearly one-third of respondents expect a potential rebound in 2023. Almost half of all experts continue to see a return of international arrivals to 2019 levels in 2024 or later.

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