scholarly journals MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA: CURRENT APPROACHES TO PREVENTION AND TREATMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 154-158
Author(s):  
Евгений Ким ◽  
Evgenij Kim ◽  
Владимир Горбачев ◽  
Vladimir Gorbachev ◽  
Виталий Унжаков ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Hyperthermia ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Specific Drug ◽  
Disease Phenotype ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
Inhalation Anesthesia ◽  
Inhaled Anesthetics ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
The Russian Federation

One of the most serious complications of modern anesthesia is malignant hyperthermia, which is a pharmacogenetic disease phenotype manifested by skeletal muscle hypermetabolism and rhabdomyolysis during or after general anesthe- sia with the use of inhaled anesthetics and succinylcholine. In Russia, the problem of malignant hyperthermia remains unresolved. This is mainly due to the fact that the only specific drug dantrolene created for the effective treatment of malignant hyperthermia is still not legalized and thus formally prohibited to import, disseminate and apply on the domestic pharmaceutical market. This article deals with the regulatory framework of specific treatment of malignant hyperthermia in Russia, allowing the possibility to legally import to the territory of the Russian Federation dantrolene as an unregistered drug, if it is a question of rendering medical assistance on vital indications to a particular patient, or its unauthorized use for vital indications in a situation of extreme necessity. The article presents the recommendations of domestic experts on the treatment of malignant hyperthermia. In this case, as a possible alternative to dantrolene, magnesium preparations are considered, whose role in the treatment of the crisis of malignant hyperthermia continues to be specified. Thus, given the increasing use of inhalation anesthesia by Russian anesthetists, to ensure the safety of patients with regard to the development of malignant hyperthermia, it is possible only in the case of official registration in the do- mestic dantrolene market. Also, in the territory of Russia, a network of relevant consultative and diagnostic centers should be established. These measures will undoubtedly increase the effectiveness of treatment and prevention of severe consequences of this disease in our country.

Objectification of the Amount of Compensation for Non-Pecuniary Damage in Claims Against Medical Organizations

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
L. A. Shmarov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Enforcement Officer ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Law Enforcement Officer

Based on the analysis of citizens’ claims against medical organizations, as well as on the basis of the analysis of the courts’ consideration of such claims, significant differences were found in the amount of compensation for non-pecuniary damage under various conditions related to both the condition of the victim of medical assistance rendered with defects and on the number of patients. It was shown that it is necessary to further accumulate material in order to obtain a more objective picture of satisfied claims and unification in the Russian Federation. Similar calculations can be carried out for other situations related to the possibility of causing moral harm, for example, disseminating information defaming the honor and dignity of a citizen, or compensating moral harm caused by unlawful actions of a law enforcement officer during criminal proceedings. Using the established average values, the court can, on the basis of established factual circumstances, calculate the amount of compensation for non-pecuniary damage in a particular case.

Nanoparticles and Its Implications in HIV/AIDS Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor B. Oti
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Viral Agent ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Hiv Aids

The use of Antiretroviral drugs in treating HIV/ AIDS patients has enormously increased their life spans with serious disadvantages. The virus infection still remains a public health problem worldwide with no cure and vaccine for the viral agent until now. The use of nanoparticles (NPs) for the treatment and prevention of HIV/AIDS is an emerging technology of the 21st century. NPs are solid and colloid particles with 10 nm to <1000 nm size range; although, less than 200 nm is the recommended size for nanomedical usage. There are NPs with therapeutic capabilities such as liposomes, micelles, dendrimers and nanocapsules. The particle enters the body mainly via oral intake, direct injection and inhalation. It has been proven to have potentials of advancing the prevention and treatment of the viral agent. Certain NPs have been shown to have selftherapeutic activity for the virus in vitro. Strategies that are novel are emerging which can be used to improve nanotechnology, such as genetic treatment and immunotherapy. In this review, nanoparticles, the types and its characteristics in drug delivery were discussed. The light was furthermore shed on its implications in the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS.

scholarly journals Prevention and Treatment of Phlebitis Secondary to the Insertion of a Peripheral Venous Catheter: A Scoping Review from a Nursing Perspective

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 611
Author(s):  
Aitana Guanche-Sicilia ◽  
María Sánchez-Gómez ◽  
María Castro-Peraza ◽  
José Rodríguez-Gómez ◽  
Juan Gómez-Salgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Venous Access ◽  
Medication Administration ◽  
Volume Control ◽  
Nursing Interventions ◽  
Intravenous Therapy ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Peripheral Venous Catheter ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

The objective of this work was to identify available evidence on nursing interventions for the prevention and treatment of phlebitis secondary to the insertion of a peripheral venous catheter. For this, a scoping systematic review was carried out following the guidelines in the PRISMA declaration of documents published between January 2015 and December 2020. The search took place between December 2020 and January 2021. Scielo, Pubmed, Medline, Scopus, WOS, CINHAL, LILACS, and Dialnet databases were consulted, and CASPe, AGREE, and HICPAC tools were used for the critical reading. A total of 52 studies were included to analyze nursing interventions for treatment and prevention. Nursing interventions to prevent phlebitis and ensure a proper catheter use included those related to the maintenance of intravenous therapy, asepsis, and choosing the dressing. With regard to the nursing interventions to treat phlebitis, these were focused on vigilance and caring and also on the use of medical treatment protocols. For the prevention of phlebitis, the highest rated evidence regarding asepsis include the topical use of >0.5% chlorhexidine preparation with 70% alcohol or 2% aqueous chlorhexidine, a proper hygienic hand washing, and the use clean gloves to handle connections and devices. Actions that promote the efficacy and safety of intravenous therapy include maintenance of venous access, infusion volume control, verification of signs of phlebitis during saline solution and medication administration, and constant monitoring. It is recommended to remove any catheter that is not essential. Once discharged from hospital, it will be necessary to warn the patient about signs of phlebitis after PVC removal.

scholarly journals Single cell-derived clonal analysis of human glioblastoma links functional and genomic heterogeneity

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 851-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Meyer ◽  
Jüri Reimand ◽  
Xiaoyang Lan ◽  
Renee Head ◽  
Xueming Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Significance ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Clonal Analysis ◽  
Specific Drug ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Naive Patient ◽  
Functional Behavior ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Genomic Analyses

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a cancer comprised of morphologically, genetically, and phenotypically diverse cells. However, an understanding of the functional significance of intratumoral heterogeneity is lacking. We devised a method to isolate and functionally profile tumorigenic clones from patient glioblastoma samples. Individual clones demonstrated unique proliferation and differentiation abilities. Importantly, naïve patient tumors included clones that were temozolomide resistant, indicating that resistance to conventional GBM therapy can preexist in untreated tumors at a clonal level. Further, candidate therapies for resistant clones were detected with clone-specific drug screening. Genomic analyses revealed genes and pathways that associate with specific functional behavior of single clones. Our results suggest that functional clonal profiling used to identify tumorigenic and drug-resistant tumor clones will lead to the discovery of new GBM clone-specific treatment strategies.

scholarly journals PLANNING AND EVALUATION OF BIOEQUIVALENCE STUDIES OF ATAZANAVIR PRODUCTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-157
Author(s):  
N. E. Uvarova ◽  
N. N. Eremenko ◽  
G. V. Ramenskaya ◽  
D. V. Goryachev
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Generic Drugs ◽  
Drug Of Choice ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Prevention Of Hiv

The Government of the Russian Federation approved the State strategy of combating the spread of HIV aimed at prevention of HIV epidemic. One of the goals of the Strategy is to increase the coverage of antiretroviral therapy for people infected with HIV, which includes extensive use of generic drugs. In order for a generic drug to be authorised, the applicant has to submit a report on the results of the bioequivalence studies in which the generic product was compared to the reference product. Atazanavir is an antiretroviral drug, which is also the drug of choice for the treatment and prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. The aim of this study was to analyze the protocols and reports of atazanavir products bioequivalence studies, which were submitted for expert examination  to the FSBI “SCEEMP” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and to prepare recommendations  for planning of bioequivalence studies of atazanavir products. The analysis of a number of studies revealed significant differences in the study design and number of subjects. The main reason for these differences is the conflicting data on the intrasubject coefficient of variation of atazanavir, which means that atazanavir may be considered a highly variable drug. The analysis helped to formulate  recommendations for the design of bioequivalence  studies of atazanavir products,  including studies of the maximum dose, studies under fed conditions, and consideration  of atazanavir variation when planning the study design.

The current state of the pharmaceutical market for anthelmintic drugs for veterinary use

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
A. K. Klyueva ◽  
◽  
A. A. Deltsov ◽  
K. O. Belova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
The Past ◽  
Veterinary Medicines ◽  
Current State ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
State Registration ◽  
Anthelmintic Drugs

This paper presents an analysis of the range of veterinary medicines registered in the territory of the Russian Federation and used for the prevention and treatment of helminthiasis. The Russian Federation is a leader in the development and production of anthelmintic medicines registered on its territory. Antiparasitic medicines used for the prevention and treatment of helminthiasis are divided according to the spectrum of action depending on the class of helminths. It was revealed that the majority of medicines (89 medicines – 58,17%) have a wide spectrum of action. Of these, 62 medicines (40,52% of the total amount of anthelmintic medicines) are intended for the treatment of nematodes and cestodoses. When distributing anthelmintic medicines among target animals, it was found that 75 medicines (49.02%) are intended for the treatment of productive animals, and 78 medicines (50,98%) are intended for the treatment of unproductive animals. When assessing the dynamics of state registration of anthelmintic medicines for veterinary use, it can be noted that over the past 4 years there has been a tendency towards an increase in the average annual registration.

On the importance of psychological factors in allergic diseases in children

1999 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-221
Author(s):  
I. S. Aron ◽  
A. M. Potemkin
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Disease ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
First Year ◽  
Childhood Diseases ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
First Year Of Life

Allergic diseases account for 20-25% in the overall structure of all morbidity in Russia [5]. The problem of prevention and treatment of allergic diseases in children is especially urgent, because allergic diseases occupy a leading place in the structure of childhood diseases. According to A.M. Potemkina, treatment and prevention of allergic diseases in children are most effective in the first three years of life. In children of the first year of life, monoallergy prevails, that is, one allergic disease (85%).

scholarly journals Dietary Agents and Phytochemicals in the Prevention and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Review Article

Med Phoenix ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-62
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ahmad ◽  
Anuradha Mishra ◽  
Afreen Usmani ◽  
Md. Parwez Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Cancer Chemoprevention ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Liver Cancers ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Dietary Agents

Amongst all types of primary liver cancers, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the commonest form of liver cancer in the world. Cancer chemoprevention using dietary supplements and phytochemicals has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Numerous study reports suggest the role of phytochemicals and dietary compounds in the prevention and treatment of liver cancer. Certain dietary agents and related phytochemicals present in grapes, pomegranate, vegetables, beans, turmeric, soy, rice bran, and fish oils are reported to have chemopreventive potentials against hepatocellular carcinoma. Phytochemicals such as Carotenoids, Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), Curcumin, Resveratrol, Rutoside, Quercetin, Chrysin and Silibinin have possible therapeutic importance in tumor suppression during the initial phases of carcinogenesis. Many phytochemicals which are still under investigation lack the scientific data in support of anticancer properties of these compounds rather than anti-oxidant mechanism. So, emphasis should be given on the investigation of plausible molecular mechanism behind anticancer activity. This review summarizes the use of these dietary agents and phytochemicals in the treatment and prevention of HCC and also highlights the mechanisms responsible for their effects.Med Phoenix Vol.2(1) July 2017, 52-62

scholarly journals OUTCOME after spinal-cord injury: influence of specific treatment and prevention modalities

Spinal Cord ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 709-709
Author(s):  
J J Wyndaele
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Strategies for Prevention and Treatment of Trichomonas vaginalis Infections

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 811-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kawthar Bouchemal ◽  
Christian Bories ◽  
Philippe M. Loiseau
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Topical Administration ◽  
The State ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

SUMMARY The last estimated annual incidence of Trichomonas vaginalis worldwide exceeds that of chlamydia and gonorrhea combined. This critical review updates the state of the art on advances in T. vaginalis diagnostics and strategies for treatment and prevention of trichomoniasis. In particular, new data on treatment outcomes for topical administration of formulations are reviewed and discussed.

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