scholarly journals Colonización y colonialidad: un estudio de Alcalá de Guadaíra.

Anduli ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 137-158
Author(s):  
Maria-Jose Lera
Keyword(s):  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Collective Trauma ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
The 1960S

Colonization processes have their continuation in the colonized person, a phenomenon studied by psychiatrists Fanon and Memmi in the 1960s. Currently, this phenomenon is defined as coloniality and is made up of three dimensions: the coloniality of power, knowledge and being. For this study, we wondered if the conquest of Andalusia continued in coloniality, and if so whether it has consequences today. To address these issues, we analyzed the coloniality of power and being and their consequences in the population of Alcalá de Guadaíra using the bibliographic sources that exist in that locality. The results indicate that it is a population with no history prior to the conquest, structured in poor workers and wealthy landowners, with collective trauma, sheltered in family and religion, and without cultural references. The current consequences of this coloniality are observed in the loss of historical heritage, the preservation of a fractured population of rich and poor, and no memory of the trauma experienced. The recovery of historical consciousness is identified as one of the keys to overcoming this coloniality

scholarly journals Lost in Migration – Mirandese at a Crossroads

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 488-495
Author(s):  
Cláudia Martins ◽  
Sérgio Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Minority Language ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Linguistic Rights ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Literary Forms ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century

AbstractThe linguistic rights of Mirandese were enshrined in Portugal in 1999, though its “discovery” dates back to the very end of the 19th century at the hands of Leite de Vasconcellos. For centuries, it was the first or only language spoken by people living in the northeast of Portugal, particularly the district of Miranda do Douro. As a minority language, it has always moved among three dimensions. On the one hand, the need to assert and defend this language and have it acknowledged by the country, which proudly believe(d) in their monolingual history. Unavoidably, this has ensued the action of translation, especially active from the mid of the 20th century onwards, with an emphasis on the translation of the Bible and Portuguese canonical literature, as well as other renowned literary forms (e.g. The Adventures of Asterix). Finally, the third axis lies in migration, either within Portugal or abroad. Between the 1950s and the 1960s, Mirandese people were forced to leave Miranda do Douro and villages in the outskirts in the thousands. They fled not only due to the deeply entrenched poverty, but also the almost complete absence of future prospects, enhanced by the fact that they were regarded as not speaking “good” Portuguese, but rather a “charra” language, and as ignorant backward people. This period coincided with the building of dams on the river Douro and the cultural and linguistic shock that stemmed from this forceful contact, which exacerbated their sense of not belonging and of social shame. Bearing all this in mind, we seek to approach the role that migration played not only in the assertion of Mirandese as a language in its own right, but also in the empowerment of new generations of Mirandese people, highly qualified and politically engaged in the defence of this minority language, some of whom were former migrants. Thus, we aim to depict Mirandese’s political situation before and after the endorsement of the Portuguese Law no. 7/99.

scholarly journals Jejak Organisasi Asrama Ratnaningsih: Digitalisasi Sebagai Upaya Penyelamatan Arsip

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Arif Rahman Bramantya
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Female Student ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Contextual Approach ◽  
Educational Tool ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Media ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractRatnaningsih dormitory is a female student dormitory founded by UGM Women's Family Association (PWK UGM) with a capacity of 90 peoples in the 1960s. At that time, Ratnaningsih dormitory was very helpful for the students as a result of large amount of the students studying at UGM. Through the organization of the Family of Ratnaningsih Female Student Dormitory (KAMPR), various activities are recorded and documented. Along the time, KAMPR began to fade away and disperse, so the archives was not maintained and it’s almost lost. One of the saved collection of KAMPR refers to organization's photographs archive. In archival management, the photographs archive included in audiovisual form and it’s required a contextual approach to be descripted in accordance with international standards. Specifically, this study explains the importance of archives for human life and historical consciousness of the students about KAMPR activities through the students learning process of photographs archive management as a non credits practice. The process of digitilalization becomes an important part in the maintain and preservation of photographs archive. Eventually, (virtual) exhibitions is one of the media socialization as an educational tool that can increase public conciousnes in the era of information technology. IntisariAsrama Ratnaningsih adalah asrama mahasiswa putri yang didirikan oleh Persatuan Wanita Keluarga UGM (PWK UGM) dengan kapasitas 90 orang di tahun 1960an. Pada saat itu, asrama Ratnaningsih sangat membantu para mahasiswa sebagai akibat dari banyaknya mahasiswa yang belajar di UGM. Melalui organisasi Keluarga Asrama Mahasiswa Ratnaningsih (KAMPR), berbagai kegiatan organisasi direkam dan didokumentasikan. Dengan berjalannya waktu, KAMPR mulai memudar dan membubarkan diri, oleh karena itu arsipnya tidak terawat dan hampir hilang. Salah satu koleksi KAMPR yang tersimpan mengacu pada arsip foto organisasi. Dalam pengelolaan arsip, arsip foto termasuk dalam bentuk audiovisual dan diperlukan pendekatan kontekstual untuk dapat diseskripsi sesuai dengan standar internasional. Secara khusus, penelitian ini menjelaskan pentingnya arsip bagi kehidupan manusia dan kesadaran sejarah tentang kegiatan KAMPR melalui proses pembelajaran mahasiswa dalam pengelolaan arsip foto sebagai bentuk praktik non SKS. Proses digitalisasi menjadi bagian penting dalam pemeliharaan dan pelestarian arsip foto. Pada akhirnya, pameran (virtual) merupakan salah satu media sosialisasi sebagai alat edukasi yang dapat meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat di era teknologi informasi. 

German historians and the crucial dilemma

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-384
Author(s):  
HERMANN W. VON DER DUNK
Keyword(s):  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
Imperial Germany ◽  
Historical Justice ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
Post War ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Democratic Norms ◽  
Western Historiography

Post-war German historiography is an interesting example of changing norms and the problem of satisfying a balance between explanation and (moral) judgement. Whereas national historians of Imperial Germany could feel in harmony with History, defeat and the peace of Versailles destroyed the belief in historical justice, so the bulk of the craft sympathized with Hitler's policy, although not always with his methods. The fall of the Third Reich and the revelation of its crimes caused a deep crisis of historical consciousness and attempts to deny or belittle personal responsibility and cooperation. After the 1960s however, a generation took over who could internalize the democratic norms and, through that, closed the gap between German and Western historiography. With the next generation after the reunification, critical revisionism of the national past even increased in so far as it included the first wave of post-war historiography with its apologetic tendencies. Historiography so became a striking example of a thorough national metamorphosis.

scholarly journals From 2D to 3D in fluid turbulence: unexpected critical transitions

2017 ◽  
Vol 828 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Ecke
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Fluid Turbulence ◽  
Critical Transitions ◽  
Energy Flows ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Short Time

How do the laws of physics change with changes in spatial dimension? Maybe not at all in some cases, but in important cases, the changes are dramatic. Fluid turbulence – the fluctuating, intermittent and many-degree-of-freedom state of a highly forced fluid – determines the transport of heat, mass and momentum and is ubiquitous in nature, where turbulence is found on spatial scales from microns to millions of kilometres (turbulence in stars) and beyond (galactic events such as supernovae). When the turbulent degrees of freedom are suppressed in one spatial dimension, the resulting turbulent state in two dimensions (2D) is remarkably changed compared with the turbulence in three dimensions (3D) – energy flows to small scales in 3D but towards large scales in 2D. Although this result has been known since the 1960s due to the pioneering work of Kraichnan, Batchelor and Leith, how one transitions between 3D and 2D turbulence has remained remarkably unexplored. For real physical systems, this is a highly significant question with important implications about transport in geophysical systems that determine weather on short time scales and climate on longer scales. Is the transition from 3D to 2D smooth or are there sharp transitions that signal a threshold of the dominance of one type of turbulence over another? Recent results by Benavides & Alexakis (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 822 (2017), pp. 364–385) suggest that the latter may be the case – a surprising and provocative discovery.

Economic Policy and Developmental Regulation in South Korea

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Attar ◽  
Hojjat Kazemi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Developmental Regulation ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Korean State

This paper analyses the importance of a developmental regulation system in the economic policy path of Korea since the 1960s. This system has three dimensions: proscriptive (i.e. determining the type of activity or the price of a commodity and creating state-owned companies), prescriptive (i.e. policy recommendations) and liberalising (i.e. setting up some regulations to protect competition and prevent monopolies). The main emphasis was proscriptive and prescriptive during the first phase (1962–1993) and moved to liberalisation during the second phase (1993–2003). The third phase (2003–present) has been focused on a balanced combination of all three dimensions. This paper shows how the Korean state has implemented a system of developmental regulation to strengthen public and private enterprises, to promote direct and indirect management of these firms, and to move towards long-term economic policy effectiveness in order to serve national industrialisation and sustainable growth.

scholarly journals Tracking trends in monarch abundances over the 20thcentury is currently impossible using museum records: a response to Boyle et al. (2019)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Ries ◽  
Elise F. Zipkin ◽  
Rob P. Guralnick
Keyword(s):  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Population Trends ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Biodiversity Patterns ◽  
Data Basis ◽  
Abundance Trends ◽  
Firm Data ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Biased Estimates

AbstractThe onslaught of opportunistic data offers new opportunities to examine biodiversity patterns at large scales. However, the techniques for tracking abundance trends with such data are new and require careful consideration to ensure that variations in sampling effort do not lead to biased estimates. The analysis by Boyle et al. (2019) showing a mid-century increase in monarch abundance followed by a decrease starting in the 1960s used an inappropriate correction with respect to three dimensions of sampling effort: taxonomy, place, and time. When the data presentenced by Boyle et al. (2019) are corrected to account for biases in the collection process, the results of their analyses do not hold. The paucity of data that remain after accounting for spatial and temporal biases suggests that analyses of monarch trends back to the beginning of the 20thare currently not possible. Continued digitization of museum records is needed to provide a firm data basis to estimate population trends.

scholarly journals The Filmmaker as Metallurgist: Political Cinema and World Memory

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Pisters
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
Russian Revolution ◽  
Third Cinema ◽  
Political Cinema ◽  
To Come ◽  
The 1960S

Compared to earlier waves of political cinema, such as the Russian revolution films of the 1920s and the militant Third Cinema movement in the 1960s, in today's globalized and digital media world filmmakers have adopted different strategies to express a commitment to politics. Rather than directly calling for a revolution, ‘post-cinema’ filmmakers with a political mission point to the radical contingencies of history; they return to the (audio-visual) archives and dig up never seen or forgotten materials. They reassemble stories, thoughts, and affects, bending our memories and historical consciousness. Following Deleuze and Guattari's geophilosophical ideas in A Thousand Plateaus filmmakers can be considered metallurgists. Discussing the work of Tariq Teguia, John Akomfrah and others, this article investigates several metallurgic strategies that have a performative effect in reshaping our collective memory and co-constructing the possibility of ‘a people to come.’

scholarly journals Enlightenment and Modernity, Historians and Philosophers

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 278-321
Author(s):  
John Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Philosophical Study ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Radical Enlightenment ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Philosophical Understanding

Abstract Since the 1990s, historians of the Enlightenment have been notably keen to emphasise their subject’s contribution to modernity. In doing so, they have not shied away from ground usually occupied by philosophers, identifying Enlightenment’s modernity with a system of values and even with specific philosophical positions. This article asks how this has come about, and what have been its consequences. It does so by offering an account of Enlightenment historians’ relations with philosophy since the 1960s, when Franco Venturi repudiated Ernst Cassirer’s philosophical understanding of Enlightenment and urged historians to adopt a different approach. Before 1989, it will be argued, historical study of Enlightenment expanded rapidly but with little reference to philosophers, or interest in demonstrating the modernity of Enlightenment. It was the challenge of Postmodernism (however intellectually chaotic it seemed) in the 1980s, and still more Jürgen Habermas’s vigorous espousal of modernity, which gave historians their cue. Three dimensions of the ensuing association of Enlightenment with modernity are identified: Enlightenment and the public sphere; Radical Enlightenment and one-substance metaphysics; and Enlightenment as cosmopolitan and global. In conclusion, it is argued that while this enthusiasm for modernity appears to be on the wane, the episode has underlined the impossibility of separating historical and philosophical study of Enlightenment.

Putting Ethnohistory to Work: Jack Forbes and the Remaking of American Historical Consciousness

Ethnohistory ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-51
Author(s):  
Gregory D. Smithers
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Curriculum Reform ◽  
Mixed Race ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
Interdisciplinary Studies ◽  
Southwest Borderlands ◽  
The 1960S

Abstract Jack Forbes enjoyed a prolific and influential career as an ethnohistorian and educator. His groundbreaking analysis of the Southwest borderlands and interdisciplinary studies of mixed-race histories endures, and his championing of Native-centered pedagogies is now seamlessly woven into curricula throughout North America. This article examines Forbes’s efforts to remake the American historical consciousness—what Forbes called the “conqueror consciousness”—by using ethnohistorical methodologies in his scholarship and teaching. The article outlines Forbes’s career, paying particular attention to his scholarship and curriculum reform efforts during the 1960s. Those years proved crucial in Forbes’s development as a scholar and teacher and in advancing the nascent field of ethnohistory.

scholarly journals Territorial Prospective Visions for Japan's High Growth: The Role of Local Urban Development

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-35
Author(s):  
Andrea Flores Urushima
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Heritage Preservation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Natural Landscapes ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Aesthetic

The 1960s period witnessed the most important internal migration of Japan's population since the modern period with the definitive shift from a rural to an urban-based society. This unprecedented transformation led the Japanese central government to request visions for the prospective development of the national territory in an open competition. Responding to this call, a wide range of reports were produced and debated between 1967 and 1972, mobilizing a vast network of influential representatives in city making, such as sociologists, economists, urban planners, and architects. This article analyzes these reports on the theme of the conservation of natural and historical heritage. To support a sustainable development that was adjustable to economic and social change, the reports emphasized the aesthetic and environmental value of natural landscapes and traditional lifestyles. The reports also proclaimed the rise of an information society and stressed the growing importance of leisure and tourism activities, nowadays one of the most profitable industries worldwide. Apart from their value as interdisciplinary reflections on problems related to urban expansion with visionary qualities, the reports were also highly relevant because they influenced later policies on urban planning and heritage preservation.

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