scholarly journals Are Postcolonial Narratives useful in Al-Andalus Archaeology?.

Anduli ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 179-199
Author(s):  
Guillermo García-Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Postcolonial Theory ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Medieval Studies ◽  
Technological Transfer ◽  
Institutional Differences ◽  
Fitting In ◽  
Medieval Archaeology ◽  
Islamic Archaeology

Archaeological investigations of al-Andalus has become increasingly important in medieval studies, but it has traditionally been left out of the research agenda of European medieval archaeology. This is due to its exoticism and not fitting in well with the construction of a European identity and Spanish national history based on Christian expansion and the “Reconquest” process. At the same time, due to the geographical location and geopolitical position of the Iberian Peninsula within the “West”, scholars working on Islamic archaeology have dedicated less attention to al-Andalus than to other territories. Several factors pose a challenge for current research: the possibility of confrontation with feudal societies; the increasing importance given to technological transfer all along al-Andalus; religious, economic and institutional differences within Christian territories; the importance given in recent years to the identity construction of alterity; and the strong impact that the Andalusi period had on the creation of current landscapes, especially due to irrigated agriculture. This paper tries to reflect on and analyze the historiographical marginality of al-Andalus in both European medieval archaeology and Islamic archaeology. The aim is to understand how we have built an international narrative of the marginality of a territory that is theoretically outside Europe and outside the environment in which classical Islam developed, based mainly on literature produced in English on this matter. In short, this paper poses the question of whether postcolonial theory is a valid category of analysis for al-Andalus.

scholarly journals Mortality Rates in Russian Regions in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic

REGIONOLOGY ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 666-685
Author(s):  
Pavel V. Druzhinin ◽  
Ekaterina V. Molchanova
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Location ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Demographic Processes

Introduction. The COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic has had a strong impact on the socio-economic situation in the country, especially on demographic processes. The article analyzes the change in the mortality rates in Russian regions and assesses the influence of various factors on them during the pandemic. Materials and Methods. The paper examined data from the Federal State Statistics Service on mortality rates in Russian regions. Based on the graphs analyzed and regression equations built, the factors that determined the increase in mortality rates during the pandemic and the degree of their influence were identified. Results. Changes in the rates of morbidity and mortality in Russian regions depended on the development of the healthcare system, demographic, socio-economic, and geographical factors, as well as on the actions of regional and federal authorities. The geographical location of the regions turned out to be the determining factor. The highest mortality rates were found in the regions located in the center of the European part of Russia at the intersection of transport routes. In some months, high mortality rates were observed in the regions bordering China, Kazakhstan, and Finland. The proportion of pensioners and the degree of decline in personal income were also significant. Discussion and Conclusion. Calculations have shown that at the beginning of both waves of the pandemic, the increase in mortality rates depended on the provision of the population of the regions with doctors and hospital beds. In the spring, the restrictions imposed restrained the spread of the disease, but led to an economic recession and an increase in unemployment. In the autumn, less severe restrictions were introduced, which led to a significant increase in mortality rates and a slight decline in the economy. The research results can be used to optimize the managerial decisions in the field of medical and demographic policy.

scholarly journals Spatial and functional structure of rural settlements in municipalities of Nis

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-101
Author(s):  
Milica Igic ◽  
Petar Mitkovic ◽  
Milena Dinic-Brankovic ◽  
Jelena Djekic ◽  
Mihailo Mitkovic
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Functional Structure ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Strategic Plans ◽  
Ottoman Architecture

Rural areas represent areas that are different from other areas in terms of economic, social, demographic and cultural development. The differences are determined by multiple factors - geomorphological characteristics, population, economic structure, infrastructure and utilities as well as the developmental potential of certain areas, all of which present the basis for the development of strategic plans. This paper discusses main characteristics of spatial and functional structure of rural areas situated within the municipalities of Nis. Many settlements, even when they stand next to each other, differ in terms of their inner organization and structure. But also, there are many elements that are common for the settlements in a certain area. The aim of this paper is to analyze functional and spatial structure of these settlements and to point out their similarities. Influence of the geographical location and historical background will be also analyzed. Because of their specific terrain conditions and due to the influence of historical events, these settlements had a very strong impact of Ottoman architecture and some of the evidence are present in their structure even today. On the other hand, because of their favorable location, air pollution is lower than in the cities which makes the quality of life better.

scholarly journals Towards an Ontology-Driven Information System for Archaeological Pottery Studies: The Greyware Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 7989
Author(s):  
Esther Travé Allepuz ◽  
Sonia Medina Gordo ◽  
Pablo del Fresno Bernal ◽  
Joan Vicens Tarré ◽  
Alfred Mauri Martí
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Pottery Production ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Technological Transfer ◽  
Production Distribution ◽  
Archaeological Analysis ◽  
Medieval Archaeology

The archaeological analysis of medieval and modern pottery has benefited from the consolidation of archaeometry in the domain of Medieval Archaeology in the past few decades. As part of an ongoing research project devoted to the characterization of pottery production, distribution processes and technological transfer, we deal with a considerable amount of data that are very diverse in origin and nature and must be exploited within an integrated information system in order to provide information for historical knowledge. The Greyware system has been designed to fulfil this goal and provides the main categories for pottery analysis within a shareable and reusable scenario. Its development and application prove that a little semantics goes a long way and that the creation of domain ontologies for archaeological research is an iterative process under development, as long as several projects sharing data, resources and time can develop a collaborative framework to maximize the assets of individual expertise and collaborative work. In this paper, we discuss the requirements of the system, the challenge of developing strategies for normalized data management and their potential for exploiting historical vestiges from an integrated perspective.

scholarly journals Irrigation System Of Turkestan In The Second Half Of 19th Century And Early 20th Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (06) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Umidjon Abdimavlyanovich Usarov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Local People ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Traditional Irrigation

This article describes the state of irrigated agriculture in Turkestan, water sources, classification of major rivers and their tributaries, geographical location, irrigation system, sources of water supply, types of traditional irrigation methods used by the local population in the second half of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century. Moreover, an attempt is made to reveal the participation of local people in the construction, repair, cleaning of irrigation facilities, the implementation of centuries-old rules of irrigation, the rights of local people to use water through a number of sources, statistical collections, scientific literature and research works in the article.

Egypt

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-121
Author(s):  
Alison L. Gascoigne
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Art History ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Domestic Activity ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Current State ◽  
Medieval Archaeology ◽  
Islamic Archaeology ◽  
Rural Archaeology ◽  
Minimal Evidence

This chapter situates Egypt within wider debates arising from the field of Islamic archaeology and provides an overview of the current state of our knowledge based on diverse categories of archaeological evidence. Its overall aim is to argue for more diverse intellectual approaches—socially and scientifically aware and theoretically embedded—to be incorporated into archaeological activity in the country in place of those more closely related to the discipline of art history. The chapter starts with a consideration of evidence from a chronological perspective, noting the current relative lack of focus on the Ayyubid, Mamluk, and Ottoman periods. An inevitably brief digression follows on rural archaeology, for which minimal evidence has been uncovered. Evidence for domestic activity, trade and production, and funerary practices is outlined with a particular focus on artifactual material. The chapter also considers the growth and development of urban centers, both capital and provincial, under Islamic rule. Overall, the chapter highlights a need for a more sustained focus on Egypt’s Islamic-era/medieval archaeology for its own sake, rather than as either the inheritance of the classical world or the foundations of the early modern state.

Study on Combustible Materials with the Application Study of Curve Fitting in the Pool Fire Risk Assessment

2013 ◽  
Vol 675 ◽  
pp. 358-364
Author(s):  
Fei Xie ◽  
Wen Hua Song ◽  
Zhen Chen ◽  
Ling Yue Lv
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Pool Fire ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Application Study ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Chemical Companies ◽  
Fitting In

The pool fire accident of chemical companies is of long time- burning, destructive, and therefore it is of great significance for the combustion characteristics of pool fire. The author has studied the combustion materials for the significance of pool fire. At the same time,this paper chooses the dichloropropane storage tank area of a company in Tianjin as the research object based on the basic theory of the pool fire and combustion materials, and builds the risk assessment model of pool fire in the fire embankment based on combustion materials. Using the regression analysis, the optimal curve equation for the target, the distance of which is X from the pool center under the condition of the given radiation is fitted and calculated to be the power function y = 49310x-2.484. Then according to the determination foundation, analyze the affect scope and extent of the fire based on combustion materials. The results show that: after the fire broke out because of the leak of the tank in the fire embankment, death and completely damage of equipment and buildings will occur to the nearby production unit; the passers-by with the passing vehicles, filling vehicles and abandoned buildings on both sides of the plant roads and abandoned buildings will suffer strong impact.

scholarly journals Artefacts, Sites and Landscapes: Archaeology and Medieval Studies

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Gerrard ◽  
Stephen Rippon
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Medieval Studies ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Medieval Archaeology

This chapter examines the role of archaeology in medieval studies in Great Britain. Medieval archaeology has changed beyond all recognition during the twentieth century, emerging from what was little more than an antiquarian pastime to become a respected academic discipline. It has also great potential for growth, for new methods are constantly being developed, bold conservation and restoration projects under way, and major discoveries continue to be made.

scholarly journals The Great Plains Irrigation Experiment (GRAINEX)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-66
Author(s):  
Eric Rappin ◽  
Rezaul Mahmood ◽  
Udaysankar Nair ◽  
Roger A. Pielke ◽  
William Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Layer Growth ◽  
Surface Fluxes ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Near Surface

AbstractExtensive expansion in irrigated agriculture has taken place over the last half century. Due to increased irrigation and resultant land use land cover change, the central United States has seen a decrease in temperature and changes in precipitation during the second half of 20th century. To investigate the impacts of widespread commencement of irrigation at the beginning of the growing season and continued irrigation throughout the summer on local and regional weather, the Great Plains Irrigation Experiment (GRAINEX) was conducted in the spring and summer of 2018 in southeastern Nebraska. GRAINEX consisted of two, 15-day intensive observation periods. Observational platforms from multiple agencies and universities were deployed to investigate the role of irrigation in surface moisture content, heat fluxes, diurnal boundary layer evolution, and local precipitation.This article provides an overview of the data collected and an analysis of the role of irrigation in land-atmosphere interactions on time scales from the seasonal to the diurnal. The analysis shows that a clear irrigation signal was apparent during the peak growing season in mid-July. This paper shows the strong impact of irrigation on surface fluxes, near-surface temperature and humidity, as well as boundary layer growth and decay.

scholarly journals Mapping 30 Years of Sustainability of Solar Energy Research in Developing Countries: Indonesia Case

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11415
Author(s):  
Alfian Ferdiansyah Madsuha ◽  
Eko Adhi Setiawan ◽  
Nurhadi Wibowo ◽  
Muhammad Habiburrahman ◽  
Rahmat Nurcahyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Energy Research

Research into converting solar light energy into electricity using so-called photovoltaic (PV) technology or solar cells (SCs) was started a long time ago. However, most developing countries tend to lag behind. The present work delivers a bibliometric mapping analysis of 30 years of Indonesian solar energy research papers in the Scopus database. A multidisciplinary point of view is used to cover the findings comprehensively, highlighting the emerging gaps, orientation, and promising future research that will benefit many researchers, governments, and industry. Two essential keywords, “photovoltaic” and “solar cell”, were used to harvest the data. A total of 1886 documents were finally investigated. The VOSviewer was utilized as a proper complement for visualizing and analyzing the publication trends based on the keywords and authorships. Many aspects of solar research have been explored, including the basic science of semiconductors, simulation, lab-scale device fabrication, and the application of technologies and policies. The findings show that the two keywords determined the research characteristics. It also reveals that the geographical location had a remarkable impact on publication distribution. The most striking result is that a minimum of 1146 documents are centralized on Java Island. In addition, the policies related to renewable energy show a strong impact: two years after the policies were announced, the publications exhibited a two-fold increase. The results also suggest that future research should focus on the increasingly significant domestic component of silicon-based solar cells, the various multidisciplinary approaches for making PV utilization more affordable, and on shifting towards the use of perovskite solar cells. Solid national and international collaboration should be continued for the sustainability of Indonesian solar energy research.

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