Risk Factors for Septicemia Deaths and Disparities in a Longitudinal US Cohort

Abstract Background There are few longitudinal data on the risk factors and mediators of racial disparities in sepsis among community- dwelling US adults. Methods This is a longitudinal study of adult participants in the 1999–2005 National Health Interview Survey with data linked to the 1999–2011 National Death Index. We utilized National Vital Statistics System’s ICD-10 schema to define septicemia deaths (A40-A41), utilizing influenza and pneumonia deaths (J09-J11) and other causes of death as descriptive comparators. All statistics utilized survey design variables to approximate the US adult population. Results Of 206 691 adult survey participants, 1523 experienced a septicemia death. Factors associated with a >2-fold larger hazard of septicemia death included need for help with activities of daily living; self-reported “poor” and “fair” general health; lower education; lower poverty index ratio; self-reported emphysema, liver condition, stroke, and weak or failing kidneys; numerous measures of disability; general health worse than the year prior; >1 pack per day cigarette use; and higher utilization of health care. Blacks had age- and sex-adjusted hazards that were higher for septicemia deaths (hazard ratio [HR], 1.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.65–2.23) than for other causes of death (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.25–1.38). The strongest mediators of the septicemia disparity included self-reported general health condition, family income-poverty ratio, and highest education level achieved. Conclusions In this cohort, the major risk factors for septicemia death were similar to those for other causes of death, there was approximately a 2-fold black-white disparity in septicemia deaths, and the strongest mediators of this disparity were across domains of socioeconomic status.

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Characterization of the self-perception of oral health in the Brazilian adult population

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva ◽

10.1590/1413-81232020259.29612018 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (9) ◽

pp. 3647-3656

Author(s):

Danielle Bordin ◽

Cristina Berger Fadel ◽

Suzely Adas Saliba Moimaz ◽

Celso Bilynkievycz dos Santos ◽

Cléa Adas Saliba Garbin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

General Health ◽

Adult Population ◽

Health Condition ◽

Explanatory Models ◽

The Self ◽

Negative Evaluation ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Self Perception ◽

Dental Appointment

Abstract This article aims to perform an analysis of the factors that determine the self-perception of oral health of Brazilians, based on a multidimensional methodology basis. This is a cross-sectional study with data from a national survey. A household interview was conducted with a sample of 60,202 adults. Self-perception of oral health was considered the outcome variable and sociodemographic characteristics, self-care and oral health condition, use of dental services, general health and work condition as independent variables. The dimensionality reduction test was used and the variables that showed a relationship were submitted to logistic regression. The negative oral health condition was related to difficulty feeding, negative evaluation of the last dental appointment, negative self-perception of general health condition, not flossing, upper dental loss, and reason for the last dental appointment. The use of a multidimensional methodological basis was able to design explanatory models for the self-perception of oral health of Brazilian adults, and these results should be considered in the implementation, evaluation, and qualification of the oral health network.

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Anxiety in the Preoperative Period: Associated Risk Factors and General Health Condition

10.47275/0032-745x-s1-016 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 106 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Adil Jafaar Abdul Sahib ◽

Kasim Obaid Hussein

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

General Health ◽

Health Condition ◽

Preoperative Period ◽

General Health Condition ◽

Associated Risk Factors

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Psychosocial and clinical correlates of suicidal acts: Results from a national population survey

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.bp.107.037382 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 192 (4) ◽

pp. 279-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Emma Robertson Blackmore ◽

Sarah Munce ◽

Iris Weller ◽

Brandon Zagorski ◽

Stephen A. Stansfeld ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

General Population ◽

Adult Population ◽

Female Gender ◽

Epidemiological Survey ◽

Health Condition ◽

Psychosocial Risk Factors ◽

Psychosocial Risk ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

General Adult Population

BackgroundClinical samples have identified a number of psychosocial risk factors for suicidal acts but it is unclear if these findings relate to the general population.AimsTo describe the prevalence of and psychosocial risk factors for suicidal acts in a general adult population.MethodData were obtained from a Canadian epidemiological survey of 36 984 respondents aged 15 years and older (weighted sample n=23 662 430).ResultsOf these respondents, 0.6% (weighted n=130 143) endorsed a 12-month suicidal act. Female gender (OR=4.27, 95% CI 4.05–4.50), being separated (OR=37.88, 95% CI 33.92–42.31) or divorced (OR=7.79, 95% CI 7.22–8.41), being unemployed (OR=1.70, 95% CI 1.50–1.80), experiencing a chronic physical health condition (OR=1.70, 95% CI 1.67–1.86) and experiencing a major depressive episode in the same 12-month period as the act (OR=9.10, 95% CI 8.65–9.59) were significantly associated with a suicidal act.ConclusionsThe psychosocial correlates of suicidal acts in this sample are consistent with those previously reported in clinical and general population samples. These findings reinforce the importance of the determination of suicide risk and its prevention not only of psychiatric illness but of physical and psychosocial factors as well.

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Association between Serum Albumin and Root Caries in Community-dwelling Older Adults

Journal of Dental Research ◽

10.1177/154405910308200313 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 82 (3) ◽

pp. 218-222 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

A. Yoshihara ◽

N. Hanada ◽

H. Miyazaki

Keyword(s):

Serum Albumin ◽

General Health ◽

Health Condition ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Elderly Subjects ◽

Albumin Concentration ◽

Root Caries ◽

Serum Albumin Concentration ◽

General Health Condition ◽

The Relationship

Recently, associations between dental diseases and the general health condition have been reported. The purpose of this study was to evaluate, by serum albumin concentrations, the relationship between the general health condition and root caries. We randomly selected 763 individuals (600 70-year-olds and 163 80-year-olds) living in Niigata City, Japan. The variables body composition, blood measurements, daily nutrient intakes, and root caries were measured. The relationship between root caries and serum albumin concentration was evaluated. The differences in serum albumin concentrations between subjects with untreated root caries (DT = 0 and DT > 3) were 75.56 mg/dL in 70-year-olds and 202.97 mg/dL in 80-year-olds (p < 0.05, ANOVA). The findings of the present study indicated that a relationship between root caries and serum albumin concentration in these elderly subjects is highly possible.

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Low educational level increases functional disability risk subsequent to heart failure in Japan: On behalf of the Iwate KENCO study group

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0253017 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. e0253017

Author(s):

Shuko Takahashi ◽

Kozo Tanno ◽

Yuki Yonekura ◽

Masaki Ohsawa ◽

Toru Kuribayashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Heart Failure ◽

Older Adults ◽

Functional Disability ◽

Adult Population ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Baseline Survey ◽

Term Care ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Objectives The risk factors that contribute to future functional disability after heart failure (HF) are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine potential risk factors to future functional disability after HF in the general older adult population in Japan. Methods The subjects who were community-dwelling older adults aged 65 or older without a history of cardiovascular diseases and functional disability were followed in this prospective study for 11 years. Two case groups were determined from the 4,644 subjects: no long-term care insurance (LTCI) after HF (n = 52) and LTCI after HF (n = 44). We selected the controls by randomly matching each case of HF with three of the remaining 4,548 subjects who were event-free during the period: those with no LTCI and no HF with age +/-1 years and of the same sex, control for the no LTCI after HF group (n = 156), and control for the LTCI after HF group (n = 132). HF was diagnosed according to the Framingham diagnostic criteria. Individuals with a functional disability were those who had been newly certified by the LTCI during the observation period. Objective data including blood samples and several socioeconomic items in the baseline survey were assessed using a self-reported questionnaire. Results Significantly associated risk factors were lower educational levels (odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 3.72 [1.63–8.48]) in the LTCI after HF group and hypertension (2.20 [1.10–4.43]) in no LTCI after HF group. Regular alcohol consumption and unmarried status were marginally significantly associated with LTCI after HF (OR [95% CI]; drinker = 2.69 [0.95–7.66]; P = 0.063; unmarried status = 2.54 [0.91–7.15]; P = 0.076). Conclusion Preventive measures must be taken to protect older adults with unfavorable social factors from disability after HF via a multidisciplinary approach.

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Prevalence of Hyperuricemia and the Use of Allopurinol in Older Poles—Results from a Population-Based PolSenior Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18020387 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 387

Author(s):

Mateusz Winder ◽

Aleksander J. Owczarek ◽

Małgorzata Mossakowska ◽

Katarzyna Broczek ◽

Tomasz Grodzicki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Heart Failure ◽

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Adult Population ◽

Population Based ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Polish Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Representative Cohort

Background: Our study analyzes the frequency and risk factors of hyperuricemia and the use of allopurinol in a representative cohort of the older Polish adult population. Methods: The analysis was a part of a cross-sectional PolSenior study on aging in Poland. The complete medication data were available in 4873 out of 4979 community dwelling respondents aged 65 and over. Serum uric acid concentrations were evaluated in 4028 participants (80.9% of the cohort). Results: Hyperuricemia was observed in 28.2% of women and 24.7% of men. Ten risk factors of hyperuricemia were selected based on multivariable LASSO logistic regression analysis. Nine factors showed significant odds ratios: eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (OR = 4.10), hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 1.88), obesity (OR = 1.75), heart failure (1.70), CRP > 3.0 mg/dL (OR = 1.64), coronary artery disease (OR = 1.30), use of loop-diuretics (OR = 4.20), hydrochlorothiazide (OR = 2.96), and thiazide-like diuretics (OR = 2.81). Allopurinol was used by 2.8% of men and 1.8% of women. The therapy was considered effective in 46.7% of men and 53.3% of women. Conclusions: Hyperuricemia was present in 23.1% (95% CI: 21.8–24.4) of the older Polish population. The frequency of hyperuricemia increases with age, reaching 30.5% in men and 33.7% in women aged 90 years or more. Chronic kidney disease, obesity, heart failure, hypertriglyceridemia, and the use of diuretics were the strongest risk factors for hyperuricemia in older adults. The treatment with allopurinol was ineffective in more than half of participants.

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Physical Illness and Suicide Risk in Rural Residents of Contemporary China

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000271 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 35 (5) ◽

pp. 330-337 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Cun-Xian Jia ◽

Lin-Lin Wang ◽

Ai-Qiang Xu ◽

Ai-Ying Dai ◽

Ping Qin

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Family Income ◽

Rural China ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Significant Risk Factor ◽

Health Condition ◽

Physical Illness ◽

Rural Residents ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Study Population

Background: Physical illness is linked with an increased risk of suicide; however, evidence from China is limited. Aims: To assess the influence of physical illness on risk of suicide among rural residents of China, and to examine the differences in the characteristics of people completing suicide with physical illness from those without physical illness. Method: In all, 200 suicide cases and 200 control subjects, 1:1 pair-matched on sex and age, were included from 25 townships of three randomly selected counties in Shandong Province, China. One informant for each suicide or control subject was interviewed to collect data on the physical health condition and psychological and sociodemographic status. Results: The prevalence of physical illness in suicide cases (63.0%) was significantly higher than that in paired controls (41.0%; χ2 = 19.39, p < .001). Compared with suicide cases without physical illness, people who were physically ill and completed suicide were generally older, less educated, had lower family income, and reported a mental disorder less often. Physical illness denoted a significant risk factor for suicide with an associated odds ratio of 3.23 (95% CI: 1.85–5.62) after adjusted for important covariates. The elevated risk of suicide increased progressively with the number of comorbid illnesses. Cancer, stroke, and a group of illnesses comprising dementia, hemiplegia, and encephalatrophy had a particularly strong effect among the commonly reported diagnoses in this study population. Conclusion: Physical illness is an important risk factor for suicide in rural residents of China. Efforts for suicide prevention are needed and should be integrated with national strategies of health care in rural China.

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