scholarly journals Inhibitory Effects of Bifidobacterium longum BB536 on Harmful Intestinal Bacteria

1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko ARAYA-KOJIMA ◽  
Tomoko YAESHIMA ◽  
Norio ISHIBASHI ◽  
Seiichi SHIMAMURA ◽  
Hirotoshi HAYASAWA
Keyword(s):  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Effects

scholarly journals Preliminary study on stimulatory and inhibitory effects of aldehydes from the green leaf volatiles family on beneficial and pathogenic bacteria from the intestine

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (03) ◽  
pp. 6355-2020
Author(s):  
GAMZE GOKER ◽  
AHU DEMIRTAS
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Green Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Green Leaf ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Beneficial Bacteria ◽  
Leaf Volatiles

The balance between beneficial and pathogenic bacteria in the intestine has a great importance in terms of gut physiology and immunity. The aim of the study was to investigate the stimulatory and inhibitory effects of aldehydes from the green leaf volatiles family (trans-2-hexenal, cis-3-hexenal, trans-2-nonenal, and trans-2- decenal) on beneficial (Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Lactobacillus casei) and pathogenic bacteria (Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum, Clostridium perfringens, Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium) from the intestine. The growth of B. bifidum was stimulated by trans-2-hexenal and trans-2-decenal at 3.9-250 μg/mL, by cis-3-hexenal at 15.6 and 31.3 μg/mL, and by trans-2-nonenal at a dose of 3.9-500 μg/mL (p < 0.05). Trans-2-decenal also moderately stimulated L. acidophilus at concentrations of 31.3 and 62.5 (p < 0.05). Trans-2-hexenal, cis-3-hexenal, and trans-2-nonenal did not inhibit beneficial intestinal bacteria, with the exception of B. infantis. Trans-2-decenal was the most effective aldehyde on pathogens, with growth-inhibitory effect on C. perfringens, F. nucleatum, and S. aureus at the concentration of 500 μg/mL. Trans-2-decenal also protected beneficial bacteria at the dose at which it inhibited pathogenic ones. All the used aldehydes at a concentration of 500 μg/mL inhibited the growth of F. nucleatum as one of the agents of colorectal cancer. Among the pathogens, E. coli and S. Typhimurium were resistant to all aldehydes while S. aureus was inhibited only by trans-2-decenal. In conclusion, the use of aldehydes from the green leaf volatiles family might have beneficial effects on gut health by regulating beneficial bacteria and inhibiting pathogenic bacteria.

Multilocus sequence typing of bifidobacterial strains from infant’s faeces and human milk: are bifidobacteria being sustainably shared during breastfeeding?

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Makino ◽  
R. Martin ◽  
E. Ishikawa ◽  
A. Gawad ◽  
H. Kubota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Bifidobacterium Bifidum ◽  
Maternal Milk ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Mother's Milk ◽  
Mother’S Milk

Bifidobacteria are considered to be one of the most important beneficial intestinal bacteria for infants, contributing to the priming of the mucosal immune system. These microbes can also be detected in mother’s milk, suggesting a potential role of human milk in the colonisation of infant’s gut. However, little is known about the timing of bacteria appearance in human milk, and whether human milk is the first source of inoculation. Here, we investigated whether specific strains are shared sustainably between maternal milk and infant’s gut. Faecal samples and human milk were collected from 102 healthy mother-infant pairs (infant’s faeces: meconium, 7, 30 days of age; mother’s milk: once before delivery, colostrum, 7, 30 days after delivery). Bifidobacterial strains were isolated from these samples, and were discriminated by means of multilocus sequencing typing. No bifidobacteria were detected from human milk collected before delivery, or colostrum. Strains were isolated only from human milk samples obtained 7 days after birth or later. On the other hand, bifidobacterial strains were obtained from infant’s faeces throughout the study period, sometimes as early as the first day of life (meconium). We have found that bifidobacterial species belonging to Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium breve, and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum could be identified as monophyletic between infant’s faeces and their mother’s milk. These strains were confirmed to be sustainably shared between maternal milk and infant’s gut. Moreover, monophyletic strains were isolated at the same time point or earlier from infant’s faeces than from human milk, and none were isolated earlier from human milk than from infant’s faeces. Although it remains unclear whether human milk is the first source of microbes for infants, our results confirm that human milk is a reservoir of bifidobacteria, and specific strains are shared between infant’s intestine and human milk during breastfeeding.

scholarly journals Association between intestinal bacterial carriage, biomarkers of environmental enteric dysfunction and stunting in rural Malawian children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Chaima ◽  
John D Hart ◽  
Harry Pickering ◽  
Sarah Burr ◽  
Kenneth Maleta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Environmental Enteric Dysfunction ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin ◽  
Fecal Biomarkers ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Height For Age

BackgroundGut bacteria Bifidobacterium longum, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Dorea formicigenerans and Akkermansia muciniphila have been implicated in mediation of growth. We investigate the prevalence of these four species, levels of fecal biomarkers of environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) and association with stunting in rural Malawian children. Methods DNA and protein were extracted from fecal samples of 613 children (aged 1-59 months) at a baseline cross-sectional survey in the Mangochi district of Malawi conducted within the framework of the MORDOR (Macrolides Oraux pour Réduire les Décès avec un Oeil sur la Résistance) trial. Intestinal carriage of bacteria was measured by PCR. Neopterin, myeloperoxidase and alpha-1 antitrypsin, biomarkers of EED, were measured by ELISA. Height-for-age Z (HAZ) score &lt;-2 defined stunting. Tests of proportions and regression models were used to explore the relationship between bacterial carriage, EED and stunting.Results B. longum carriage in younger children was associated with elevated EED biomarkers. Two thirds of children had elevated NEO, 33% elevated MPO and 16% elevated AAT. Stunting was found in 38% of the children. No significant associations were found between EED biomarkers or intestinal bacteria carriage and stunting.

scholarly journals Growth-inhibitory effects of Galla Rhois-derived tannins on intestinal bacteria

1998 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-J. Ahn ◽  
C.-O. Lee ◽  
J.-H. Kweon ◽  
J.-W. Ahn ◽  
J.-H. Park
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Growth Inhibitory

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF BIFIDOBACTERIA ISOLATED FROM INFANT FAECES

2018 ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Bayar E ◽  
Demberel Sh ◽  
Satomi Ishii ◽  
Kensuke Miyazaki ◽  
Takashi Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Bifidobacterium Breve ◽  
Acetic Acids

Antibacterial activity of bifidobacteria isolated from Mongolian infant faeces was elucidated on pathogenic intestinal bacteria for the development of a new antibacterial bifidobacteria, the permission for which was granted by the Mongolian Medical Ethics Committee Approval (MMECA). A total of forty-nine single colonies were obtained from 3 samples by using a BL medium enrichment. Among them, 29 isolates had Gram−positive, catalase−negative properties, and maul−like or Y−shaped morphology, and then, 20 Bifidobacterium breve and 9 Bifidobacterium longum strains were detected by the B. breve and B. longum specific primers. Organic acids produced by the isolated bifidobacteria in their cell-free supernatants were quantitatively analyzed by a spectrophotometric absorbance at 340 nm, suggesting that D−lactic, L−lactic, and acetic acids were produced, and the pH of the supernatants was at 3.86−4.55. The isolated bifidobacteria showed antibacterial activity toward Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium as high as that of a standard bifidobacteria, however, lower activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial activity was probably due to the production of organic acids.

scholarly journals Exopolysaccharides Produced by Intestinal Bifidobacterium Strains Act as Fermentable Substrates for Human Intestinal Bacteria

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (15) ◽  
pp. 4737-4745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuria Salazar ◽  
Miguel Gueimonde ◽  
Ana María Hernández-Barranco ◽  
Patricia Ruas-Madiedo ◽  
Clara G. de los Reyes-Gavilán
Keyword(s):  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Hypolipidemic Effect ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Microbial Groups

ABSTRACT Eleven exopolysaccharides (EPS) isolated from different human intestinal Bifidobacterium strains were tested in fecal slurry batch cultures and compared with glucose and the prebiotic inulin for their abilities to act as fermentable substrates for intestinal bacteria. During incubation, the increases in levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were considerably more pronounced in cultures with EPS, glucose, and inulin than in controls without carbohydrates added, indicating that the substrates assayed were fermented by intestinal bacteria. Shifts in molar proportions of SCFA during incubation with EPS and inulin caused a decrease in the acetic acid-to-propionic acid ratio, a possible indicator of the hypolipidemic effect of prebiotics, with the lowest values for this parameter being obtained for EPS from the species Bifidobacterium longum and from Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum strain C52. This behavior was contrary to that found with glucose, a carbohydrate not considered to be a prebiotic and for which a clear increase of this ratio was obtained during incubation. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that EPS exerted a moderate bifidogenic effect, which was comparable to that of inulin for some polymers but which was lower than that found for glucose. PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of 16S rRNA gene fragments using universal primers was employed to analyze microbial groups other than bifidobacteria. Changes in banding patterns during incubation with EPS indicated microbial rearrangements of Bacteroides and Escherichia coli relatives. Moreover, the use of EPS from B. pseudocatenulatum in fecal cultures from some individuals accounted for the prevalence of Desulfovibrio and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, whereas incubation with EPS from B. longum supported populations close to Anaerostipes, Prevotella, and/or Oscillospira. Thus, EPS synthesized by intestinal bifidobacteria could act as fermentable substrates for microorganisms in the human gut environment, modifying interactions among intestinal populations.

scholarly journals In Vitro Selective Antibacterial and Antiproliferative Effects of Ethanolic Extracts from Cambodian and Philippine Plants Used in Folk Medicine for Diarrhea Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Kudera ◽  
Barbora Fiserova ◽  
Marie Korytakova ◽  
Ivo Doskocil ◽  
Hana Salmonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Intestinal Cancer ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

Bacterial diarrhea remains a global health problem, especially in developing tropical countries. Moreover, dysbiosis caused by diarrheagenic bacteria and inappropriate antimicrobial treatment has been associated with intestinal carcinogenesis. Despite the rich tradition of the use of herbs for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders in Cambodian and Philippine folk medicine, many of them have not yet been systematically studied for their in vitro selective inhibitory effects on intestinal bacteria and cells. In the present study, in vitro inhibitory activities of 35 ethanolic extracts derived from 32 Cambodian and Philippine medicinal plants were determined by broth microdilution method against 12 pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, cytotoxicity against intestinal cancer cells (Caco-2 and HT-29) using thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide cytotoxicity assay and safety to six beneficial intestinal bacteria (bifidobacteria and lactobacilli) and intestinal normal cells (FHs 74 Int) were determined for the antimicrobially active extracts. Selectivity indices (SIs) were calculated among the averages of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50), and 80% inhibitory concentrations of proliferation (IC80) for each type of the tested agents. The extracts of Artocarpus blancoi (Elmer) Merr. (Moraceae), Ancistrocladus tectorius (Lour.) Merr. (Ancistrocladaceae), and Pentacme siamensis (Miq.) Kurz (Dipterocarpaceae) produced significant growth-inhibitory effects (MICs = 32–512 μg/ml) against intestinal pathogenic bacteria at the concentrations nontoxic to normal intestinal cells (IC80 values &gt;512 μg/ml; SIs = 0.11–0.2). Moreover, the extract of P. siamensis (Miq.) Kurz was relatively safe to beneficial bacteria (MICs ≥512 μg/ml; SI = 0.1), and together with A. blancoi (Elmer) Merr., they selectively inhibited intestinal cancer cells (IC50 values ≥51.98 ± 19.79 μg/ml; SIs = 0.3 and 0.6). Finally, a strong selective antiproliferative effect on cancer cells (IC50 values 37.89 ± 2.68 to 130.89 ± 13.99 μg/ml; SIs = 0.5) was exerted by Ehretia microphylla Lam. (Boraginaceae), Lagerstroemia cochinchinensis Pierre ex Gagnep. (Lythraceae), and Melastoma saigonense (Kuntze) Merr. (Melastomataceae) (leaves with flower buds). The results suggest that the above-mentioned species are promising materials for the development of new selective antibacterial and antiproliferative agents for the treatment of infectious diarrhea and associated intestinal cancer diseases. However, further research is needed regarding the isolation and identification of their active constituents.

scholarly journals A proteomic approach towards understanding the cross talk between Bacteroides fragilis and Bifidobacterium longum in coculture

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 623-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Rios-Covián ◽  
Borja Sánchez ◽  
Noelia Martínez ◽  
Isabel Cuesta ◽  
Ana M. Hernández-Barranco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Talk ◽  
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Intestinal Microbes ◽  
2D Dige ◽  
Chromatographic Techniques ◽  
Proteomic Approach

A better understanding of the interactions among intestinal microbes is needed to decipher the complex cross talk that takes place within the human gut. Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium genera are among the most relevant intestinal bacteria, and it has been previously reported that coculturing of these 2 microorganisms affects their survival. Therefore, coculturing of Bifidobacterium longum NB667 and Bacteroides fragilis DSMZ2151 was performed with the aim of unravelling the mechanisms involved in their interaction. To this end, we applied proteomic (2D-DIGE) analyses, and by chromatographic techniques we quantified the bacterial metabolites produced during coincubation. Coculture stimulated the growth of B. longum, retarding that of B. fragilis, with concomitant changes in the production of some proteins and metabolites of both bacteria. The combined culture promoted upregulation of the bifidobacterial pyruvate kinase and downregulation of the Bacteroides phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase — 2 enzymes involved in the catabolism of carbohydrates. Moreover, B. fragilis FKBP-type peptidyl-prolyl cis–trans isomerase, a protein with chaperone-like activity, was found to be overproduced in coculture, suggesting the induction of a stress response in this microorganism. This study provides mechanistic data to deepen our understanding of the interaction between Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium intestinal populations.

Inhibitory Effects of Bifidobacterium longum on Experimental Ulcerative Colitis Induced in Mice by Synthetic Dextran Sulfate Sodium

Digestion ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 67 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 90-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutsunori Fujiwara ◽  
Tsutomu Kaneko ◽  
Hirokazu Iwana ◽  
Naoki Taketomo ◽  
Hajime Tsunoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Experimental Ulcerative Colitis

Beta-Glucuronidase Inhibition by Constituents of Mulberry Bark

Planta Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Bai ◽  
Lu Chen ◽  
Yun-Feng Cao ◽  
Xu-Dong Hou ◽  
Shou-Ning Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Sites ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Glucaric Acid ◽  
Docking Simulations ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
In Silico Analyses ◽  
Noncompetitive Inhibitors

AbstractIntestinal bacterial β-glucuronidases, the key enzymes responsible for the hydrolysis of various glucuronides into free aglycone, have been recognized as key targets for treating various intestinal diseases. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects and mechanisms of the Mulberry bark constituents on E. coli β-glucuronidase (EcGUS), the most abundant β-glucuronidases produced by intestinal bacteria. The results showed that the flavonoids isolated from Mulberry bark could strongly inhibit E. coli β-glucuronidase, with IC50 values ranging from 1.12 µM to 10.63 µM, which were more potent than D-glucaric acid-1,4-lactone. Furthermore, the mode of inhibition of 5 flavonoids with strong E. coli β-glucuronidase inhibitory activity (IC50 ≤ 5 µM) was carefully investigated by a set of kinetic assays and in silico analyses. The results demonstrated that these flavonoids were noncompetitive inhibitors against E. coli β-glucuronidase-catalyzed 4-nitrophenyl β-D-glucuronide hydrolysis, with Ki values of 0.97 µM, 2.71 µM, 3.74 µM, 3.35 µM, and 4.03 µM for morin (1), sanggenon C (2), kuwanon G (3), sanggenol A (4), and kuwanon C (5), respectively. Additionally, molecular docking simulations showed that all identified flavonoid-type E. coli β-glucuronidase inhibitors could be well-docked into E. coli β-glucuronidase at nonsubstrate binding sites, which were highly consistent with these agentsʼ noncompetitive inhibition mode. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that the flavonoids in Mulberry bark displayed strong E. coli β-glucuronidase inhibition activity, suggesting that Mulberry bark might be a promising dietary supplement for ameliorating β-glucuronidase-mediated intestinal toxicity.

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