scholarly journals Altered Lipid Responses to Dietary Interventions in Obesity

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-11
Author(s):  
Meena Godhia ◽  
Nagma Naik
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Hematological Analysis ◽  
Glycemic Profile

Results obtained from studies on the effect of vitamin D supplementation with or without calcium on glucose homeostasis and hematological parameters have been inconsistent. This experimentally-controlled designed study investigated the combined effects of Ca2+ and Vit.D-fortified diet on body weight, glycemic profile, biochemical, haemostatic and haematological parameters in 2 groups (n=8, each) of experimental male diabetic and healthy albino rats following treatment with Ca2+ and Vit.D-fortified diet for 6 weeks. 2 similar groups of rats (n=8, each) on normal diets served as normal and diabetic controls respectively to allow comparison between groups. Induction of diabetes (100mg/dL, intraperitoneally) was achieved with freshly prepared alloxan monohydrate solution after 15 hours overnight fast while oral glucose tolerance test, biochemical and hematological analysis were performed on blood samples. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) was taken at study baseline and 6 weeks after feeding. Mean weights were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in calcium/vitamin D-fortifed diet-fed diabetic and normal rats compared with their respective controls. Actual percentage numerical weight gain at 6 weeks of study includes: diabetic rats on treatment diet (15.50%); diabetic controlled rats (18.70%); normal rats on treatment diet (20.40%); normal controlled rats (25.10%). At 6 weeks of study, experimental diabetic rats showed significant (p < 0.05) reduction (22.83%) in mean FBG concentration compared with the diabetic control rats. Experimental rats fed on calcium and vitamin D-fortified diet displayed improved glycemic tolerance over their respective controls. Hematological analysis revealed insignificant (p > 0.05) difference in hematological and hemostatic indices between the experimental and controlled rats. In diabetic rats, Ca2+ and Vit.D-fortified diet reduced body weight with beneficial hypoglycemic and remarkable glycemic tolerant effects on glycemic profile without significant impact on hemostatic and hematological indices.

scholarly journals Effects of Calcium and Vitamin D-Fortified Diet on Glycemic Profile, Biochemical Parameters and Selected Haemostatic and Haematological Indices in Diabetic Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
Magnus Anyakudo ◽  
Adedoyin Adebukola
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Hematological Analysis ◽  
Glycemic Profile

Results obtained from studies on the effect of vitamin D supplementation with or without calcium on glucose homeostasis and hematological parameters have been inconsistent. This experimentally-controlled designed study investigated the combined effects of Ca2+ and Vit.D-fortified diet on body weight, glycemic profile, biochemical, haemostatic and haematological parameters in 2 groups (n=8, each) of experimental male diabetic and healthy albino rats following treatment with Ca2+ and Vit.D-fortified diet for 6 weeks. 2 similar groups of rats (n=8, each) on normal diets served as normal and diabetic controls respectively to allow comparison between groups. Induction of diabetes (100mg/dL, intraperitoneally) was achieved with freshly prepared alloxan monohydrate solution after 15 hours overnight fast while oral glucose tolerance test, biochemical and hematological analysis were performed on blood samples. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) was taken at study baseline and 6 weeks after feeding. Mean weights were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in calcium/vitamin D-fortifed diet-fed diabetic and normal rats compared with their respective controls. Actual percentage numerical weight gain at 6 weeks of study includes: diabetic rats on treatment diet (15.50%); diabetic controlled rats (18.70%); normal rats on treatment diet (20.40%); normal controlled rats (25.10%). At 6 weeks of study, experimental diabetic rats showed significant (p < 0.05) reduction (22.83%) in mean FBG concentration compared with the diabetic control rats. Experimental rats fed on calcium and vitamin D-fortified diet displayed improved glycemic tolerance over their respective controls. Hematological analysis revealed insignificant (p > 0.05) difference in hematological and hemostatic indices between the experimental and controlled rats. In diabetic rats, Ca2+ and Vit.D-fortified diet reduced body weight with beneficial hypoglycemic and remarkable glycemic tolerant effects on glycemic profile without significant impact on hemostatic and hematological indices.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic Activity of Physalis angulata in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Wistar Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
C. E. Mafuyai ◽  
C. D. Luka ◽  
M. K. Jiyil ◽  
. Okon
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Hematological Analysis ◽  
Physalis Angulata

Background: Physalis angulata have been extensively used for the management of diabetes in folklore medicine, in Nigeria. Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the antidiabetic effect of aqueous extract of Physalis angulata and its potential mechanisms in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Study Duration: The period of the study was done on 30th September, 2018 at the Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, university of Jos, Nigeria. Methodology: Albino rats of Wistar strain weighing between 200g to 250g were induced with single freshly prepared streptozotocin (55 mg/kg body weight). Diabetes was confirmed after forty eight hours in streptozotocin -induced rats showing fasting blood glucose levels > 10 mmol/l. The rats were randomly divided into four (4) experimental groups (n = 4). A (Control diabetic group fed with normal feed), Group B (Normal control fed with normal feed), Group Group C (Diabetic rats treated with 400 mg/Kg body weight extract of Physalis angulata and Group D, (Diabetic rats are treated with 400 mg/Kg body weight of glibenclamide). After 8 days the animals were sacrificed and blood samples were collected for biochemical and hematological analysis. Changes in the animal body weights were also measured within the period. Results: From the results, it was observed that treatment of rats with extract of Physalis angulata elevates the reduction of body weight, and caused an increase in the body weight of the treated rats. In the same order, serum glucose significantly decreased (p<0.05) after the 8-day treatment compared to diabetic control. The extent of reversal of hyperglycemia in the physalis angulata extract treated animals compared well with the glibenclamide treated group. The results, therefore, showed that Physalis angulata extract has a significant (p<0.05) hypoglycemic effect in diabetic rats and the histopathological results of treated groups showed the regenerative/protective effect on

scholarly journals Hypoglycaemic and Hypolipidemic Effects of Treculia africana Aqueous Leaves Extract in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Idris A. Kankara ◽  
Gayus A. Paulina ◽  
M. Aliyu
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Treculia Africana

This study investigated the hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic effects of Treculia africana plant used in Nigeria as medicinal plant. Diabetes mellitus was induced by a single dose intraperitoneal injection of alloxan 150 mg/kg body weight. Twenty five (25) male albino rats were divided into five groups, five (5) rats per group; normal control, diabetic control and diabetic groups treated with aqueous leaves extract of 200,400 and 800 mg/Kg body weight respectively for 21 days orally. The effects of the extract on some biochemical parameters were evaluated; fasting blood glucose level was assayed using glucose oxidase method, total cholesterol and HDL –cholesterol were assayed using enzymatic method while LDL- cholesterol was determined by Friedewald equation. The results showed that, extract significantly (p<0.05) decrease the elevated fasting blood glucose levels, total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL- cholesterol when compared with the diabetic control rats. The extract also caused significant (p<0.05) increased in HDL –cholesterol and body weight when compared with diabetic control rats. Aqueous leave extract of Treculia africana possess hypoglycemic effect and the most effective dose was 800 mg/Kg body weight in amelioration of hyperglycaemia and most all toxicity effects of alloxan on lipid profile.

scholarly journals Effect of Aqueous Extract of Zingiber officinale (Ginger) on Some Biochemical Parameters in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetes Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
M. K. Jiyil ◽  
C. D. Luka ◽  
C. E. Mafuyai ◽  
N. Pamela
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
Hematological Analysis ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

Background: Appreciable number of medicinal plants are used for the treatment of diabetes in Nigeria. Aim of the Study: The present study aimed to investigate the antidiabetic activity of Zingiber officinale extracts and its potential mechanisms in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Study Duration: The period of the study was done on 30th September, 2018 at the Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, university of Jos, Nigeria. Methodology: Albino rats of Wistar strain weighing between 130 g to 160 g were induced with single freshly prepared streptozotocin (55 mg/kg body weight). Diabetes was confirmed after forty eight hours in streptozotocin -induced rats showing fasting blood glucose levels > 10 mmol/l. The rats were randomly divided into four (4) experimental groups (n = 4). A (Control diabetic group fed with normal feed), Group B (Normal control fed with normal feed), Group Group C (Diabetic rats treated with 400 mg/Kg body weight extract of ginger and Group D, (Diabetic rats are treated with 400 mg/Kg body weight of metformin). After 8 days the animals were sacrificed and blood samples were collected for biochemical and hematological analysis. Changes in the animal body weights were also measured within the period. Results: From the results, it was observed that treatment of rats with extract of ginger compensates for the reduction of body weight, and caused an increase in the body weight of the treated rats (+11.5%) in contrast to 24.8% reduction observed in diabetic control. In the same order, serum glucose significantly decreased (p<0.05) after the 8-day treatment compared to diabetic control. The extent of reversal of hyperglycemia in the ginger extract treated animals compared well with the metformin treated group. The results, therefore, showed that ginger extract has a significant (p<0.05) hypoglycemic effect in diabetic rats and moreover, elevations in the measured biochemical parameters were significantly (p<0.05) attenuated in rats treated with ginger extract. Conclusion: Zingiber officinale extracts has a significant effect on some biochemical parameters and hematological assays. These provide scientific evidence to confirm the traditional use of Z. officinale in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Properties ofTriticum aestivumin Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogesha Mohan ◽  
Grace Nirmala Jesuthankaraj ◽  
Narendhirakannan Ramasamy Thangavelu
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Marker Enzyme

The antidiabetic and antioxidant potential ofTriticum aestivumwere evaluated by usingin vivomethods in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in the Wistar strain albino rats by injecting streptozotocin at a dose of 55 mg/kg body weight. Ethanolic extracts ofTriticum aestivumat doses of 100 mg/kg body weight were administered orally for 30 days. Various parameters were studied and the treatment group with the extract showed a significant increase in the liver glycogen and a significant decrease in fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin levels, and serum marker enzyme levels. The total cholesterol and serum triglycerides levels, low density lipoprotein, and very low density lipoprotein were also significantly reduced and the high density lipoprotein level was significantly increased upon treatment with theTriticum aestivumethanol extract. A significant decrease in the levels of lipid peroxides, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidise and increase in the levels of vitamin E, catalase, and reduced glutathione were observed inTriticum aestivumtreated diabetic rats. Thus, from this study we conclude that ethanolic extract ofTriticum aestivumexhibited significant antihyperglycemic, hypolipidemic, and antioxidant activities in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Glycemic Control in Prediabetes: A Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4464
Author(s):  
Yujing Zhang ◽  
Yuan Xue ◽  
Dongdong Zhang ◽  
Yaping Liu ◽  
Ze Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies

Clinical research results of vitamin D supplementation in the improvement of prediabetes remain controversial. Accordingly, a literature search was conducted of PubMed, Embase (Ovid), and Web of Science prior to 9 November 2021. Randomized controlled studies reported that the following indicators were included: body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 h oral glucose tolerance test plasma glucose (2h-PG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), insulin resistance by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR), homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-B), and fasting insulin (FINS). Twenty-nine articles (N = 3792) were included in the present meta-analysis. Intriguingly, vitamin D supplementation resulted in a vast improvement in FBG (standardized mean difference (SMD) = −0.38; 95%CI: −0.59, −0.16), HbA1c (SMD = −0.14; 95%CI: −0.22, −0.06) and FINS (SMD = 0.18; 95%CI: −0.26, −0.09), but not in other outcomes. However, preferred changes were observed in subgroups, as follows: Asia (SMD2h-PG = −0.25, 95%CI: −0.45, −0.04), study duration ≥1 year (SMDHOMA-IR = −0.44, 95%CI: −0.81, −0.06) (SMDHOMA-B = 0.34, 95%CI: 0.01, 0.66), baseline 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L (SMD2h-PG = −0.23, 95%CI: −0.39, −0.06), and baseline 25(OH)D ≥ 50 nmol/L (SMDHOMA-IR = −0.50, 95%CI: −0.96, −0.03). In conclusion, oral supplementation of vitamin D has shown better effects in improving FBG, HbA1c, and FINS compared with controls among prediabetics; long-term vitamin D supplementation could have additional effects in participants with vitamin D deficiency for 2h-PG, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-B.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Free and Bound Polyphenol Extracts from Ginger (Zingiber officinaleRoscoe) on the Hepatic Antioxidant and Some Carbohydrate Metabolizing Enzymes of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutiu Idowu Kazeem ◽  
Musbau Adewunmi Akanji ◽  
Musa Toyin Yakubu ◽  
Anofi Omotayo Tom Ashafa
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes Activities

This study investigated the hepatoprotective effects of polyphenols fromZingiber officinaleon streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by assessing liver antioxidant enzymes, carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes and liver function indices. Initial oral glucose tolerance test was conducted using 125 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg body weight of both free and bound polyphenols fromZ. officinale. 28 day daily oral administration of 500 mg/kg body weight of free and bound polyphenols fromZ. officinaleto streptozotocin-induced (50 mg/kg) diabetic rats significantly reduced (P<0.05) the fasting blood glucose compared to control groups. There was significant increase (P<0.05) in the antioxidant enzymes activities in the animals treated with both polyphenols. Similarly, the polyphenols normalised the activities of some carbohydrate metabolic enzymes (hexokinase and phosphofructokinase) in the liver of the rats treated with it and significantly reduced (P<0.05) the activities of liver function enzymes. The results from the present study have shown that both free and bound polyphenols fromZ. officinaleespecially the free polyphenol could ameliorate liver disorders caused by diabetes mellitus in rats. This further validates the use of this species as medicinal herb and spice by the larger population of Nigerians.

scholarly journals ANTIDIABETIC EFFECT OF THYMUS SATUREIOIDES AQUEOUS EXTRACT IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed El Kabbaoui ◽  
Alae Chda ◽  
Najlae Mejrhit ◽  
Abdellah Farah ◽  
Lotfi Aarab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Thymus Satureioides

<p><strong>Objective</strong>:<strong> </strong>The aerial parts of <em>Thymus satureioides </em>have been traditionally used to treat diabetes mellitus and its complications in Morocco. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of the aqueous extract of <em>Thymus satureioides </em>aerial parts in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Experimental diabetes was induced in overnight fasted rats by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg). Diabetic rats were orally administered with aqueous extract of <em>Thymus satureioides</em> (500 mg/kg b.w.) for 28 d. Glibenclamide (2 mg/kg), a standard antidiabetic drug, was used as a positive control drug. Body weight and fasting blood glucose (FGB) were measured every week. Oral glucose tolerance, change in lipid parameters, urea, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) levels of diabetic rats were evaluated at the end of the treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Administration of <em>Thymus satureioides </em>aqueous extract to diabetic rats for 28 d reduced their fasting blood glucose levels significantly compared to the diabetic control rats. The extract improved body weight and glucose tolerance in diabetic rats. The antihyperlipidemic assessment of the extract revealed a decrease in plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL levels and an increase in HDL level in the plasma of treated diabetic rats. Furthermore, the biochemical liver and kidney functional tests have shown that serum biomarkers of liver and renal dysfunction were significantly reduced in treated diabetic rats.</p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present findings suggest that <em>Thymus satureioides </em>extract has both antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects in experimental diabetic rats which can be beneficial in the management of diabetes and its complications.<p> </p>

scholarly journals Beneficial Impacts of Dietary Zinc Supplementation on Islet β-cells Regeneration and Glycemic Profile in Diabetic Rats (P24-015-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Anyakudo ◽  
Janet Adewunmi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Pancreatic Islet ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Glycemic Profile

Abstract Objectives This experimentally-controlled designed nutritional study, aimed to determine the effects of Zn-supplemented diet on glycemic profile, tolerance and control, body weight and pancreatic Islet β-cells in diabetic male rats. Methods Twenty four male Wistar rats each weighing ≥200 g were randomly categorized into three experimental groups (n = 8, each): Normal control (NC) fed with standard rat feed; Diabetic control (DC) fed with control diet and Diabetic (DZ) on test (zinc-supplemented) diet. Diabetes was inducted with freshly prepared alloxan monohydrate solution (150 mg/dL, intraperitoneally). Rats were fed for a period of eight weeks according to the experimental design with water ad libitum while their weights were measured twice weekly and recorded. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels were measured twice weekly while oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was conducted to construct the glycemic response curves. Animals were sacrificed at the end of eight week to extract pancreas for immunocytochemical and histomorphometric analyses. Microsoft Excel and statistical program SPSS version 22.0 were used to analyse data while P values <0.05 were considered significant. Results At the end of eight week study, Zn-supplemented diet caused significant (P < 0.05) reductions in mean body weight gain (28.5%) and FBS (31.5%) levels, stimulated islet β-cells regeneration and improved glycemic tolerance and profile in DZ rats compared with the diabetic control rats. Conclusions In conclusion, zinc-supplemented diet impacts beneficial antidiabetic effect in diabetic rats via stimulation of pancreatic islet β-cells regeneration, reduction of body weight gain and lowering of blood glucose level. Funding Sources This Study was self sponsored. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Effect of Methanol Extract of Hibiscus Sabdariffa Seed in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-156
Author(s):  
F.S. Adefolalu ◽  
J.S. Salawa ◽  
T.Y. Gara ◽  
A.N. Abubakar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Hypolipidemic Effect ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa

This study investigated the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect of the oral administration of methanol extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa seed in alloxan induced diabetic albino rats. Two different doses (200 and 400 mg/kg) of the methanol extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa seed were administered daily to two groups of diabetic rats for a period of two weeks. Metformin (250 mg/kg) was given as the reference standard drug. Phytochemical, acute toxicity, fasting blood glucose, body weight, cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoproteins levels were determined using standard methods. Acute toxicity of methanol extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa seed was estimated to be greater than 5000 mg/kg body weight. There was an initial decrease in the body weight of the experimental animals after induction of diabetes which increased significantly (p<0.05) by the second week of treatment. The fasting blood glucose levels of the treated diabetic rats were significantly decreased at the second week of treatment with the group that received 400 mg/kg of extract recording the lowest fasting blood glucose level. The cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoproteins levels of the diabetic treated rats were significantly reduced while the high density lipoproteins level significantly increased. It can therefore be concluded that Hibiscus sabdariffa seed has the ability to lower blood sugar and maintain a stable lipid level. Keywords: Hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, Alloxan, Phytochemical, Hibiscus sabdariffa

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