scholarly journals Nutritional composition, sensory evaluation and Halal perspective African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fed with diets containing najasa (impurities)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 436-448
Author(s):  
Wan Norhana Md. Noordin ◽  
Saadiah Ibrahim ◽  
Roslina A. Nawawi ◽  
Mutiara Dwi Sari ◽  
Nurul Huda
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Blood Meal ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Animal Waste ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Feeding Diets ◽  
Waste Fat

Lately, Muslim consumers in Malaysia, are avoiding catfish (Clarias gariepinus) owing to the uncertainty of its halal status. This is due to the use of unclean/impure substances (najasa in Islamic law) as feed from animal carcasses or feed incorporated with animal waste (fat, blood or bone). Under the islamic law, animals which consume large quantities of najasa and led to noticeable changes of its odour, colour and taste of the meat are haram (forbidden) or makruh (undesirable). To our knowledge there is no investigation on whether the feed could alter the odour, taste or colour of the catfish from this perspective. Thus a study was undertaken to evaluate if feeding diets comprising of najasa will affect the nutritional composition and sensory characteristics of catfish.The fish were fed with imported pellets (consisting of 10-15% blood meal with porcine DNA detected), local pellets and 100% chicken offal for 12 weeks. The results showed treatment with imported pellets do not have a significant (p>0.05) effect on the nutritional composition (proximate composition, amino acids and fatty acids profiles), colour, odour and flavour of catfish fillet, but significantly (p<0.05) change the odour and flavour.

Comparative Study of the Flesh Quality of Clarias gariepinus in Farm-raised and Wild Populations

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Popoola Omoniyi Michael ◽  
Fasakin Emmanuel Adedayo
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Amino Acids Profile

Aim. Nutrients analysis of wild and farmed raised African catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell, 1822) were studied. The comparative work was carried out to find out if habitat could affect the nutrient composition of the fish. Study design: Five live C. gariepinus were obtained for three wild location and three fish farm each (n=30). One-way analysis of variance was use to examine the nutrients composition across the study locations. Methodology: Five individual fishes were randomly selected from the forty individuals in a population obtained from six locations. They were sacrificed and cut into three (tail, middle and trunk) chunks. These were oven dried at a constant temperature of 105ºC using oven model LCON53CF. The samples were later blend using electric blender and kept in airtight nylon for further analysis. Standard methods were employed in the analysis of body nutrients. Results: A significant difference was observed in proximate composition of C. gariepinus on dry matter bases. The moisture and lipids content were lower in wild C. gariepinus (5.16±0.07;15.27+0.08%) than farm raised (5.25±0.10%;18.54+0.08%). The average protein and ash contents in farm-raised C. gariepinus were significantly (p<0.05) lower (66.23+0.08%; 5.00+0.07%) than wild C. gariepinus (67.24+0.09%;9.06+0.07%). Organoleptic study revealed differences in taste between wild and farm raised C. gariepinus (p<0.05). The amino acids profile showed little disparity in quantity in wild and farm raised C. gariepinus. No significant difference (p>0.05) was noticed in the mean values of amino acids in wild (4.21) and farmed raised (4.16) C. gariepinus. The percentage of saturated fatty acids was higher (56.24%) in farmed raised C. gariepinus than the wild stocks (44.53%) unlike the unsaturated fatty acids that was higher in wild (79.46%) than the farmed raised (54.03%). Conclusion: The study revealed that wild fish possess some nutritional advantages over the culture C. gariepinus.

scholarly journals Comparison of fatty acids, cholesterol, fat soluble vitamins and carotenoids content of skin and edible tissue of farmed African catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822)

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albena Merdzhanova ◽  
Diana A. Dobreva ◽  
Veselina Panayotova
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Edible Tissue ◽  
Fat Soluble Vitamins

Abstract African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is new species for the Bulgarian market. It is a valuable source of biologically active components that play an important role in human diet, but there is lack of information for the quality of its dietary lipids. This study focuses on the assessment of skin and edible tissue lipid quality of farmed African catfish based on lipid content and detailed fatty acids, fat-soluble vitamins, cholesterol and carotenoids composition. Fatty acid composition was determined by gas chromatography with mass spectrometer (GC/MS) after lipid extraction. Vitamins A, D3 and E, beta-carotene, astaxanthin and cholesterol were analyzed simultaneously using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet and fluorescence detectors. Lipids, cholesterol, astaxanthin and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were significantly higher in skin, whereas vitamin A and E, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were higher in muscle tissue. Vitamin D3 showed comparable amounts in both tissues. Eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n3) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n3) which are important indicators for fish lipids quality presented significantly high amounts. A portion of 100 g filet without skin contains approximately 600 mg. Results confirmed that African catfish meat - with or without the skin, can be valuable and preferable source of biologically active lipids.

scholarly journals Hydrothermal Processing of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Filets: Insights on the Nutritive Value and Organoleptic Parameters

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Victor Tosin Okomoda ◽  
Lateef Oloyede Tiamiyu ◽  
Amighty Olorunpelumi Ricketts ◽  
Sunday Abraham Oladimeji ◽  
Austine Agbara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Control Group ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Hydrothermal Processing ◽  
Organoleptic Parameters

This study evaluated the effects of cooking for different hydrothermal-treatment durations (10, 20, 30 and 40 min) on the proximate composition, amino acid profile, fatty acid composition and organoleptic parameters of filets of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822). Filets of the fish were prepared from market size African catfish with similar breeding history. Parameters of the processed filet under the different hydrothermal durations were also compared against a raw–unprocessed control group except during organoleptic analysis. The results obtained revealed a significant increase in protein, fat and ash content until the 30th minute of hydrothermal processing (p ≤ 0.05). Beyond this processing time, protein and fat significantly reduced while ash remains unaffected. The same trend was observed for most essential/non-essential amino acids isolated as well as the prominent saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. In all, the raw control group consistently recorded the least values of nutritional components. The perception of assessors was, however, found to be similar (p ≥ 0.05) in terms of organoleptic parameters regardless of the duration of the processing time of the filets. It was concluded that cooking the African catfish filet using the hydrothermal method should not be extended beyond 30 min.

Fatty Acid Composition and Sensory Evaluation of African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus Reared under Different Culture Enclosures

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
O.I Oluwalola ◽  
O.A Fagbenro
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Earthen Ponds

This study was carried out to determine the fatty acid composition and sensory quality of Clarias gariepinus from different culture enclosures (plastic, sandcrete tanks and earthen ponds), at the Teaching and Research Farm of Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. The comparative work was carried out to find out if habitat could influence the nutrient composition of the fish. Standard procedures were used in the analysis of tissue nutrient. Sensory evaluation study revealed differences in taste and texture indices considered for C. gariepinus reared in plastic, sandcrete tanks and earthen ponds (p<0.05). Fatty acid profiles of C. gariepinus were determined using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. The percentage of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids was higher (49.99%, 23.17%) in earthen pond cultured C. gariepinus than the plastic and sandcrete tanks. The study revealed that C. gariepinus raised in earthen pond possess fatty acid composition and sensory quality advantages over the plastic and sandcrete tanks. Keywords: Fatty acids, Sensory evaluation, Culture enclosures, Clarias gariepinus

scholarly journals Changes in fatty acid concentrations in tissues of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus Burchell, as a consequence of dietary carnitine, fat and lysine supplementation

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. O. A Ozório ◽  
J. L. A Uktoseja ◽  
E. A. Huisman ◽  
J. A. J Verreth
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Lysine ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Fat Supplements

A study was undertaken to examine the effect of different dietary carnitine (200 and 1000 mg/kg diet) and fat (90 and 190 g/kg diet) supplementation on growth and fatty acid concentrations of fish fed either with a low- (13 g/kg) or a high-lysine (21 g/kg) diet. African catfish (22·7 g/fish), Clarias gariepinus Burchell, juveniles were stocked (sixteen aquaria, twenty-five fish per aquarium) and fed for a maximum of 74 d. Dietary lysine had a clear effect on growth performance and feed conversion ratios, but dietary carnitine supplements had no effect. High-carnitine supplements increased total carnitine content (P<0·0004) and reduced tissue free carnitine: acyl-carnitine ratio (P<0·05) compared with low-carnitine supplements. High-fat supplements decreased liver carnitine concentrations. Clear effects on liver fatty acid concentrations were observed in high-carnitine-fed fish compared with low-carnitine-fed fish. The primary liver fatty acids affected were 18:2n-6 (linoleic acid), 20:5n-3 (eicosapentanoic acid) and 22:6n-3 (docosahexanoic acid). The whole-body fatty acid balance suggested that 20:5n-3 disappeared (apparently by β-oxidation) more readily than 18:2n-6 and/or 22:6n-3. From 774 mg 20:5n-3 eaten by high-lysine–high-fat–low-carnitine fish, 58 % was not assimilated into body tissues. High-carnitine-fed fish showed an increase in 20:5n-3 oxidation by 7 % compared with low-carnitine fish. Although dietary carnitine did not improve body growth, these results support the hypothesis that carnitine can enhance the mobilisation of long-chain fatty acids towards oxidation.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic Analysis and In Silico Characterization of Cytochrome P450 1A (Cyp1A) Protein from the African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-372
Author(s):  
Muthuramalingam KARPAGAVALLI ◽  
Muthusamy THANGARAJ ◽  
Duraisamy ANNADURAI ◽  
Thangappan AJITHKUMAR ◽  
Mahapathra GYANAPRAKASH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Alpha Helix ◽  
Eukaryotic Cell ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Cytochrome P450 1A1 ◽  
Chemical Characters

The CYP family enzymes are broadly used as biomarkers because of their pattern of expression. This study describes the application of in silico tools to predict the physico-chemical characters of CYP1A protein from the catfish, Clarias gariepinus. The nucleotide sequence analysis of C. gariepinus CYP1A gene showed higher similarity with C. batrachus and reflected in the phylogenetic tree. The comparative modelling results showed this CYP1A protein was highly similar with the 3-D crystal structure of human Cytochrome p450 1A1 (PDB: 1BE3). The prediction results depicted that most of the amino acids formed alpha helix. The predicted pI was 9.10, hydropathycity was -0.226, exposed and buried residues were 61.67, 38.33% respectively. Ramachandran plot analysis showed that most of the amino acids falling on the favoured region and exhibited right- handed alpha helices as the most stable secondary structure. Some amino acids were also found to form loops to interconnect different helices. The CYP1A protein was predicted to be localized in the mitochondrion of the eukaryotic cell.

scholarly journals Nutritional composition analysis of seaweed Sargassum crassifolium J. Agardh.

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
TRI HANDAYANI ◽  
SUTARNO SUTARNO ◽  
AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Composition Analysis

The aims of the research were to find out nutritional composition of seaweed Sargassum crassifolium J. Agardh i. e. concentration of protein, amino acids, mineral (ash), mineral elements (Ca, Fe, and P), vitamin C, vitamin A, lipid, fatty acids and alginates. S. crassifolium is a species of brown seaweed that is consumed as source of food, however, it have not optimally used due to the nutritional composition information does not complete yet. The measurement of protein concentration was done according to Lowry method, while amino acids concentration was measured using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Mineral (ash) was measured by dry ash processing, and mineral elements of Ca, Fe, and P were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Vitamin C concentration was measured by titration method, while vitamin A was measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Lipid was measured by extraction method using soxhlet, fatty acids by fatty acids methyl esters (FAMEs) method, and alginates were measured by extraction method. The results indicate that the thallus of S. crassifolium contain protein in the average of 5.19% (w/w), and 17 amino acids (in Î¼mol amino acid/g wet weight) varies from 13.77 of glutamic acid to 0.83 for hydroxilicine concentration. Mineral/ash content was 36.93% (w/w), Ca: 1540.66 mg/100 g, Fe: 132.65 mg/100 g, P: 474.03 mg/100 g, vitamin C: 49.01 mg/100 g, vitamin A: 489.11 μg RE/100 g, lipid: 1.63% (w/w), fatty acids concentrations were: 1.45%, 3.53%, 29.49%, 4.10%, 13.78%, 33.58%, 5.94% for lauric acid, meristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid subsequently. The concentration of alginates was 37.91% (w/w).

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