scholarly journals BIOETHICS IN TRANSDISCIPLINARY AND INTERDISCIPLINARY CONTEXT OF POST-NONCLASSICAL SCIENCE

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 199-205
Author(s):  
Vikotoriya Zasukhina
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Complex Solution ◽  
Scientific Cognition ◽  
Biomedical Technologies ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Classical Philosophy ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
New Form

Bioethics is an offspring of the post-nonclassical science. The subject of this research is its genesis and development in interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary space of the existence of modern philosophical-scientific thought.  The direction of analysis is chosen by the author led to some inferences. Foremost, we will point out that anthropological turn in science is one of the main factors, which have created bioethical interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity.  The aforecited bioethics characteristics created the possibility of the complex solution for this science’s problems.  Philosophical and ethical concepts and methods had played very important role in bioethics formation as a new form of scientific cognition.  At the same time, bioethics enriches and upgrades classical philosophy with new interpretations of fundamental philosophical problems.  Bioethics formed in interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary context of modern science is the life axiology.In order to find axiological importance of bioethics, we have decided to identify links and relationships within bioethics as a whole system.  We constructed the bioethics concept as an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary study of the moral and social problems caused by development of modern biomedical technologies.  We then used this concept to form such philosophical-scientific comprehension paradigm of a problem of axiological justification of human life and health in the modern world, which assumes cooperation between representatives of different disciplines, and expansion of scientific outlook—its exit from a scientific radius.

scholarly journals Euthanasia and suicide: a medical and social discourse

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
V. N. Ostapenko ◽  
I. V. Lantukh ◽  
A. P. Lantukh
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Assisted Suicide ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Physician Assisted Suicide ◽  
Adequate Quality ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Strong Explosion ◽  
The Right

Annotation. The problem of suicide and euthanasia has been particularly updated with the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, which caused a strong explosion of suicide, because medicine was not ready for it, and the man was too weak in front of its pressure. The article considers the issue of euthanasia and suicide based on philosophical messages from the position of a doctor, which today goes beyond medicine and medical ethics and becomes one of the important aspects of society. Medicine has achieved success in the continuation of human life, but it is unable to ensure the quality of life of those who are forced to continue it. In these circumstances, the admission of suicide or euthanasia pursues the refusal of the subject to achieve an adequate quality of life; an end to suffering for those who find their lives unacceptable. The reasoning that banned suicide: no one should harm or destroy the basic virtues of human nature; deliberate suicide is an attempt to harm a person or destroy human life; no one should kill himself. The criterion may be that suicide should not take place when it is committed at the request of the subject when he devalues his own life. According to supporters of euthanasia, in the conditions of the progress of modern science, many come to the erroneous opinion that medicine can have total control over human life and death. But people have the right to determine the end of their lives while using the achievements of medicine, as well as the right to demand an extension of life with the help of the same medicine. They believe that in the era of a civilized state, the right to die with medical help should be as natural as the right to receive medical care. At the same time, the patient cannot demand death as a solution to the problem, even if all means of relieving him from suffering have been exhausted. In defense of his claims, he turns to the principle of beneficence. The task of medicine is to alleviate the suffering of the patient. But if physician-assisted suicide and active euthanasia become part of health care, theoretical and practical medicine will be deprived of advances in palliative and supportive therapies. Lack of adequate palliative care is a medical, ethical, psychological, and social problem that needs to be addressed before resorting to such radical methods as legalizing euthanasia.

scholarly journals “Death groups” through the prism of the theory of routine actions

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-25
Author(s):  
Polina Andreevna Ganisheva
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Human Life ◽  
External Control ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Criminological Research ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Use Of The Internet

This article analyzes the emergence of the phenomenon of suicidal communities in the Russian cyberspace from the perspective of the widespread in modern criminology theory of routine actions. The relevance of the selected topic is substantiated by the fact that despite a variety of studies dedicated to “death groups”, the problems associated with encouraging or assisting suicide using the Internet platforms are not fully covered in the view of criminological science. At the same time, there is urgent need for criminological research of this phenomenon due to the qualitative transformation of criminality – use of the Internet platforms for inflicting harm to human life and health without direct physical and psychological abuse is a distinguishing feature of the modern world. The subject of this research is the key concepts of the theory of routine actions (“motivated criminal”, “potential victim”, “no external control”) applicable to the problem under review. The author explores certain psychological and cultural aspects that characterize the modern younger generation (increased engagement in social media, more tolerant perception). It is concluded that criminalization of relationships developing between people in social media naturally increased criminality due to the emergence of new ways of communication in modern world. The author believes that the effective method to minimize the category of such type of crimes consists in promotion of the state policy aimed at improvement of psychological health of the population.

scholarly journals LEO STRAUSS: A CRITIQUE OF HEGEL’S POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-25
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Alternative Theory ◽  
Leo Strauss ◽  
Radical Critique ◽  
Political Theories ◽  
Conservative Revolution ◽  
Classical Philosophy

The article is devoted to Leo Strauss’s critique of Hegel’s political philosophy. The author holds this topic relevant in the context of the crisis of modern political science. To understand the causes and nature of this crisis, it is necessary to pay attention to alternative philosophical and political theories of the XX century. Leo Strauss’s philosophy of politics is just such an alternative theory. Strauss made a radical critique of modern political philosophy, which he saw as an important part of the project of modern civilization. Strauss stresses that Hegel became one of the most prominent philosophers who participated in the creation of modern science and the modern world. The author considers the main critical arguments of Strauss, evaluates their validity and their significance for the Straussian conservative revolution in philosophy. The author pays special attention to the question of Hegel’s role in the break with classical political philosophy. Strauss accused Hegel that he had taken all the major steps that led to this rupture. Hegel, according to Strauss, secularized political thinking, which led to the loss of universal Christian values. The consequence of this secularization was the dominance of positivism in political philosophy. Hegel’s philosophy of history, according to Strauss, is relativism. Hegel’s historicism and progressivism are contradictory and inconsistent. Strauss also accuses Hegel of abandoning the philosophical esoteric art of writing. The article draws attention to the fact that Strauss recognized the importance of Hegel as an outstanding thinker of his time. Strauss viewed Hegel’s philosophy as a kind of intermediate link between classical philosophy and modern positivism. The author concludes that for Strauss the critique of Hegel’s political philosophy became an important element of his project of restoration of classical political philosophy. The article uses little-known materials from Strauss’s lectures in 1958 and 1965.

U-4 The Importance & Significance of DNA Evidence in Islamic Shari'ah

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-80
Author(s):  
Zain-ul-Abdin Arijo
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Dna Testing ◽  
Dna Evidence ◽  
Research Article ◽  
History Of

This research article discusses facts about DNA. It is the building block of the body that plays an important role in making the whole body. It is the inherent substance of not only humans but also all other organisms, which is the key to sharing information from parent to child. All genetic information has been structured to transmit traits from one generation to the next, and also to discover the history of DNA. DNA is not only discovered by accident, but by research, it is discovered in its proper way, along with its existence and production. In the light of modern science and Islamic law, the effects and results of DNA tests have also been made clear that Islam has made everything clear like glass even though a single test can produce positive results. DNA testing is specifically designed to help you answer our questions about childbirth. This article mentions several Islamic rules regarding human life. DNA testing is a new and innovative technique. Which is done for different purposes but in the light of Islam unlike the modern world, it has a different view.

scholarly journals RELASI AGAMA DAN SAINS DALAM STUDI ISLAM DI PTAI

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Rasmianto Rasmianto
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Religion And Science ◽  
The Real ◽  
Secularization Theory ◽  
The Church

It cannot be denied that religion and science play im portant roles in human life. The development of science in this modern world does not automatically reduce the influence of religion in human life, as predicted by the secularization theory. The fact that religion and science tend to be firmer interests many people, especially concerning the relation between them. Many perspectives and religious doctrines that seem in contradiction with the theory of modern science may arouse a conflict behveen religion and science. The case of execution to Galileo by the church in the nineteenth century and the long debate between the supporters of the Evolution and those of the Theory of Creation are the real proofs of the conflict between religion and science. To avoid the conflict, many people have tried to find the most appropriate model of relation. In the contemporary era, the "new flow" discussion of religion and science emerges. The discussion not only focuses on the level of discourse but also implementation. Many studies of integrativeinterconnection between religion and science in Islamic tertiary educational institutions indicate the efforts to match religion with science.

scholarly journals Oracle Concepting In Programming Of the Design of Electronic Chips

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksym Olehovych Zylevich
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Individual Subject ◽  
Reduction Methods ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Further Development

Today, programming is one of the most actively developing technological areas in the world. Moreover, every year the degree of such development only increases, which is manifested in the deeper and more comprehensive penetration of different types of software products into different spheres of human life. This is an integral part of the process of technologicalization of the modern world. Speaking of the development of programming, it is believed that the theory of programming is studied and researched at a fairly high level. Undoubtedly, the process of creating a program uses generally defined algorithms, structures, approaches, and methods, but these are common things that operate at the planning stages. When it comes to the specific process of creating a piece of code that a particular person is involved in, this is where all the excessive subjectivization manifests itself. After all, each such person when writing code is guided by their experience, which is determined by education, knowledge, skills, worldview, and other components. To solve the problem associated with such excessive subjectivization, it is advisable to replace the generally accepted individual-subject paradigm, which involves defining the program through its creator, with intersubjective, in which the process of creating a program is the object of study and the subject itself a program that is the embodiment of a plan for this process. One of the methods of solving this problem, according to the concept-monad model, is the use of the oracle concept. The purpose of this work is to further develop the principles of the adaptive technological environment of programming based on the intersubjective paradigm, through the use of the oracle concept in solving programming problems. To achieve the above goal, it is necessary to develop an algorithm for applying the oracle concept approach. Identify its features and prospects for further development. The implementation of this method in practice in some way unifies the process of software development, thereby reducing the impact of the active role of the subject and supports the implementation of the intersubjective paradigm. Conceptualization is the process of creating a concept. A concept is a plan of a certain activity, aimed at solving a specific problem. That is, oracular structures should be understood as a set of certain elementary subtasks that have arisen as a result of conceptualizing a specific programming task. To further develop the principles of an adaptive technological programming environment based on the intersubjective paradigm in solving programming problems, a method of applying the oracle concept approach has been developed and proposed. Representative examples show its features and prospects for further development. The peculiarities include the fact that each subtask can be conceptualized as the simplest subtask. The implementation of this method in practice helps to unify the process of software product development, thereby reducing the impact of the active role of the subject and supports the introduction of an intersubjective paradigm. Further research on this topic will focus on the expansion and research, factography, and development of relevant facts for oracle conceptualization as an effective means of unification of certain types of problems and developed on its basis reduction methods of programming.

scholarly journals Życie i płodność. Moralne aspekty naturalnych metod planowania rodziny

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 163-177
Author(s):  
Marek Kluz
Keyword(s):  
Human Dignity ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Married Couple ◽  
Biological Rhythm ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Fundamental Function ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Church

Fertility is an inalienable feature of a human being, a fundamental function of sexuality, an attribute of maturity and an element that belongs to the essence of life. Fertility as an attribute of spousal love describes the field of many mutual achievements of a couple. Life processes are thus wisely regulated by nature itself in its biological rhythm. The knowledge of corporality and the rhythms of fertility is a prerequisite for responsible parenthood. Thus, responsible parenthood is an important matter for every married couple and the knowledge of nature is of much help in this area. To get to know nature better one must refer to the natural methods of conception, accepted and recommended by the Church. The aim of this publication is to present the natural methods of planning a family as an alternative to other methods widespread in the modern world which pose a danger to human life, marital bond and human dignity. Despite many publications which raise this issue, the subject of giving life in harmony with nature still remains open and inexhaustible.

Spectacular Science, Technology and Superstition in the Age of Shakespeare

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Renaissance Literature ◽  
Science And Literature ◽  
Early Modern Science ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Modern Perspective

Back in the late 1950s, C.P. Snow famously defined science negatively by separating it from what it was not, namely literature. Such polarization, however, creates more problems than it solves. By contrast, the two co-editors of the book have adopted a dialectical approach to the subject, and to the numerous readers who keep asking themselves “what is science?”, we provide an answer from an early modern perspective, whereby “science” actually includes such various intellectual pursuits as history, poetry, occultism, or philosophy. Each essay illustrates one particular aspect of Shakespeare’s works and links science with the promise of the spectacular. This volume aims at bridging the gap between Renaissance literature and early modern science, focusing as it does on a complex intellectual territory, situated at the point of juncture between humanism, natural magic and craftsmanship. We assume that science and literature constantly interacted with one another, making clear the fact that what we now call “literature” and what we choose to see as “science” were not clearly separated in Shakespeare’s days but rather part of a common intellectual territory.

PHILOSOPHICAL PROPAEDEUTICS IN THE SYSTEM OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Gan N.Yu. ◽  
Ponomareva L.I. ◽  
Obukhova K.A.
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Preschool Education ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Relevance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Moral Problems ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Training

Today, worldview, spiritual and moral problems that have always been reflected in education and upbringing come to the fore in society. In this situation, there is a demand for philosophical categories. One of the priority goals of education in modern conditions is the formation of a reasonable, reflexive person who is able to analyze their actions and the actions of other people. Modern science is characterized by an understanding of the absolute value and significance of childhood in the development of the individual, which implies the need for its multilateral study. In the conditions of democratization of all spheres of life, the child ceases to be a passive object of education and training, and becomes an active carrier of their own meanings of being and the subject of world creation. One of the realities of childhood is philosophizing, so it is extremely timely to address the identification of its place and role in the world of childhood. Children's philosophizing is extremely poorly studied, although the need for its analysis is becoming more obvious. Children's philosophizing is one of the forms of philosophical reflection, which has its own qualitative specificity, on the one hand, and commonality with all other forms of philosophizing, on the other. The social relevance of the proposed research lies in the fact that children's philosophizing can be considered as an intellectual indicator of a child's socialization, since the process of reflection involves the adoption and development of culture. Modern society, in contrast to the traditional one, is ready to "accept" a philosophizing child, which means that it is necessary to determine the main characteristics and conditions of children's philosophizing.

Small-scale vegetation mapping of large territories: perspectives of using modern remote sensing and GIS technologies, the Indian experiences

1996 ◽  
pp. 51-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. M. Unni
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Satellite Remote Sensing ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Vegetation Map ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
Forest Cover Mapping

The recognition of versatile importance of vegetation for the human life resulted in the emergence of vegetation science and many its applications in the modern world. Hence a vegetation map should be versatile enough to provide the basis for these applications. Thus, a vegetation map should contain not only information on vegetation types and their derivatives but also the geospheric and climatic background. While the geospheric information could be obtained, mapped and generalized directly using satellite remote sensing, a computerized Geographic Information System can integrate it with meaningful vegetation information classes for large areas. Such aft approach was developed with respect to mapping forest vegetation in India at. 1 : 100 000 (1983) and is in progress now (forest cover mapping at 1 : 250 000). Several review works reporting the experimental and operational use of satellite remote sensing data in India were published in the last years (Unni, 1991, 1992, 1994).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document