scholarly journals Determination of Grading for Maxillary and Mandibular Tori- an in Vivo study

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 679-688
Author(s):  
Parithimar kalaignan ◽  
Jaya Shree Mohan ◽  
Arun Jayakumar
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Grading System ◽  
Total Sample Size ◽  
Torus Palatinus ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Mandibular Tori

To establish a definitive grading system & derive classification of maxillary &mandibular tori based on shape . A cluster sample of 72 patients who sought treatment at the dental college with maxillary and/or Mandibular tori were selected, alginate impression were made for each patient and the stone casts poured were evaluated based on the following criteria; shape, prominence and dimensions (length, width, height) to surface a new grading system for the tori. From a total sample size of 72 patients with tori, 38 (52.8%) patients were dentulous (either fully or partially dentulous), and remaining 34 (47.2%) patients were edentulous. A total of 5 patients only had both maxillary and mandibular tori simultaneously present at the time of inspection, while all other 67 patients had only maxillary tori. From the 72 patients who presented with torus palatinus, in relation to the tori shape, 10 (13.9%) were flat, 43 (59.7%) were lobular, 16(22.2%) were spindle shaped and only 3 (4.2%) were of nodular shape. From the 5 patients who presented with torus mandibularis, 3 presented with tori of mild prominence, and 2 others presented with a moderately prominent mandibular tori.In relation to torus palatinus dimension, the width of tori varied widely from 4.0mm to 25.0mm, while the length too had a wide variation from 10.0mm to 37.0mm. The height however hadn’t as much variation, ranging from 0.5mm to 5.0mm. A successful grading system was accomplished in relation to maxillary tori and its effect on the prognosis of maxillary denture stability and retention could be determined from this grading system; however this was not successful for mandibular tori due to insufficient sample size of patients in this category. The grading system devised in our study was reasonable for use by dental graduates, though the study had short comings in few aspects that were not looked upon on initiation, it would be a stepping stone towards more research in this field in relation to maxillary and mandibular tori.. From this study, it is anticipated that Prosthodontist can have a precise idea of the tori to prosthesis relationship when faced with such patients in their day to day practice.

Farmers Sustainability and Social Justice: Evidences of Land Inequalities in Uttar Pradesh

2020 ◽  
pp. 232-238
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Small Farmers ◽  
Land Fragmentation ◽  
Total Sample Size ◽  
Fragmentation Index ◽  
State Economy

The present study is an attempt to inspect the aspect of social justice among the farmers in terms of fragmented land and farmers’ distress in Uttar Pradesh. The data were obtained through field survey via interview scheduled. A sample of 80 respondents from each targeted village namely, Jansar, Sithauli, Charsoni, and Jonai were selected from each region of Uttar Pradesh state economy. Thus, the study used a total sample size of 320 samples. Simmons index (1968) for canvassing the land fragmentation index (LFI) was applied in the Uttar Pradesh context. Further distress was measured via the help of ratios. It flaunted causes and degrees of distress were relatively high among marginal and small farmers. The result of LFI confirms that high fragmentation was a cause of subsistence income among marginal and small farms compared to semi-medium, and medium farms.

Growth in Self-Actualization (Personal Orientation Inventory) in Adult Encounter Groups

1981 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Les Beach
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Total Sample Size ◽  
Personal Orientation Inventory ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Personal Orientation

To test the efficacy of the Personal Orientation Inventory in assessing growth in self-actualization in relation to encounter groups and to provide a more powerful measure of such changes, pre- and posttest data from 3 highly comparable encounter groups (N = 43) were combined for analysis. Results indicated that the Personal Orientation Inventory is a sensitive instrument for assessing personal growth in encounter groups and that a larger total sample size provides more significant results than those reported for small samples (e. g., fewer than 15 participants).

scholarly journals Qualifying the T-2 Toxin-Degrading Properties of Seven Microbes with Zebrafish Embryo Microinjection Method

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 460
Author(s):  
Edina Garai ◽  
Anita Risa ◽  
Emese Varga ◽  
Mátyás Cserháti ◽  
Balázs Kriszt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Rhodococcus Erythropolis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Bacterial Metabolites ◽  
Mycotoxin Degradation

T-2 mycotoxin degradation and detoxification efficiency of seven bacterial strains were investigated with zebrafish microinjection method in three steps ((1) determination of mycotoxin toxicity baseline, (2) examination of bacterial metabolites toxicity, (3) identification of degradation products toxicity). Toxicity of T-2 was used as a baseline of toxic effects, bacterial metabolites of strains as control of bacterial toxicity and degradation products of toxin as control of biodegradation were injected into one-cell stage embryos in the same experiment. The results of in vivo tests were checked and supplemented with UHPLC-MS/MS measurement of T-2 concentration of samples. Results showed that the Rhodococcus erythropolis NI1 strain was the only one of the seven tested (R. gordoniae AK38, R. ruber N361, R. coprophilus N774, R. rhodochrous NI2, R. globerulus N58, Gordonia paraffinivorans NZS14), which was appropriated to criteria all aspects (bacterial and degradation metabolites of strains caused lower toxicity effects than T-2, and strains were able to degrade T-2 mycotoxin). Bacterial and degradation metabolites of the NI1 strain caused slight lethal and sublethal effects on zebrafish embryos at 72- and 120-h postinjection. Results demonstrated that the three-step zebrafish microinjection method is well-suited to the determination and classification of different bacterial strains by their mycotoxin degradation and detoxification efficiency.

Unequal Randomisation Can Improve the Economic Efficiency of Clinical Trials

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Torgerson ◽  
Marion Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Total Sample Size ◽  
Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
Research Resources

Objectives: In the majority of clinical trials patients are randomised equally between treatment groups. This approach maximises statistical power for a given total sample size. The objectives of this paper were to determine if, when research costs between treatments differ, it is more economically efficient to randomise additional patients to the cheaper treatment, and how the optimum randomisation ratio can be estimated. Methods: Estimation of the most economically efficient randomisation ratio for four hypothetical clinical trials using cost-effectiveness analysis. Results: When research costs differ between treatments, and there is no constraint on total sample size, it is always more cost-effective to randomise more patients to the cheaper treatment. For example, a cost ratio between the lesser and more expensive treatment of ten, results in a randomisation ratio of 3.2:1. Conclusions: Unequal randomisation ratios should be more widely used as this will achieve optimum statistical power for the lowest expenditure of research resources.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Skin Infections and Conditions among Students of Gomal Medical College Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 218-222
Author(s):  
Shumaila Parveen ◽  
Yaser M. Alahmadi ◽  
Faryal Adnan ◽  
Eshawa Darr ◽  
Ali Alalawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Sample Size ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Dermatological Disorders

Objective: The objective of the current study is to determine the pattern of dermatological disorders and to find out their connection with different socioeconomically factors among students of the Medical College. Methodology: The Cross sectional observational study was carried out for the period of three months .The research instrument used was the well developed questionnaire. Results: The questionnaire was administered among total 350 students and the most participant age group was the > 22 and that was about 47.4% of the total sample size the more skin complication seen was the acne that was about 59.7%, in addition to this dandruff contributed very heavily to the hair complexities which makes about 35.7% of the sample. Conclusion: Skin infections especially the cosmetic are very common among the Medical students.

scholarly journals TO STUDY THE EFFICACY OF AYURVEDIC TREATMENT IN COVID-19/SARS-COV-2

2021 ◽  
Vol p5 (02) ◽  
pp. 2680-2688
Author(s):  
Ravindrakumar Mane ◽  
Ram Lade
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Total Sample Size ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Ayurvedic Treatment ◽  
Contemporary Medicine

To overcome COVID-19 infection there is no any precise & effective management plan so far available in contemporary Medicine. Therefore, an attempt of administering Ayurvedic medicines to alleviate signs & symptoms of Novel Corona virus is taken into consideration. A clinical trial was performed in hospital with the combination of pure herbo-mineral Ayurvedic medicines named as ‘Shwashara’ along with modern medicines over 93 infected indoor subjects. In total sample size, 76.34% subjects had co-morbidities, after treatment it is been observed that, 29.58% of these subjects did not need oxygen support. 52.69% of sub-jects had HRCT score more than half. 58.06% were recovered within 7 Days. Out of 471 patients, who re-ceived only modern medicines had death rate of 10.02% and the Subjects treated with both systems of medicines have recorded 2.15% death. The ‘Shwashara’ medicine decreases symptoms of pneumonia & COVID-19, strengthen lungs and reduces death rate significantly.

scholarly journals FACTORS AFFECTING STUDENTS’ THESIS COMPLETION ON DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT STIE MIKROSKIL

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ella Silvana Ginting ◽  
Apren Halomoan Hutasoit
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Total Sample Size ◽  
Partial Analysis ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Causal Comparative

This study is aimed to investigate the factors that influence the completion of students' final task, thesis. The research is causal comparative research which the data were   obtained by directly surveying respondents through questionnaire. The population in this study were students who finishing their final task, who in semester 8 students students, with total sample size of 67. From the results of the hypothesis analysis simultaneously, a significant value was obtained of 0.000, which means that motivation to graduate on time, the ability to write scientific papers, and the quality of assignment guidance final possess effect on the completion of student final assignments. Partial analysis obtained a significant value of the motivation variable of 0.012, the variable of the ability to write scientific papers of 0.018, and the variable of quality of guidance of 0.000, which means that partially motivation, the ability to write scientific papers, and the quality of final assignment guidance stimulate bring effect on the completion of students' final tasks

scholarly journals Perceived attributes of home stead technology among rural women

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-308
Author(s):  
Jyoti Rani ◽  
Beena Yadav ◽  
Manju Dahiya
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Relative Advantage ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
Total Sample Size ◽  
Process Work

Women play an important role in the development of a family and society. From last few decades, they have been actively participating in various economic and social activities, but their efforts remain unrecognized. Women in rural areas suffer from many grave disadvantages and are subjected to great deal of hardship and drudgery. The jobs done by them are often physically arduous, time consuming and repetitive, resulting in fatigue and drudgery. So women need new technologies and practices to improve upon the old ones. Technology transfer and adoption process work simultaneously. The rate of adoption depends on the evaluation of innovation in terms of its perceived characteristics such as relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability and practicability. To study the perceived attributes of homestead technologies the present study was carried out hisar district of harayana state. The total sample size was 200 rural women. The study found that most of the respondents FRM related technologies were perceived relatively advantageous (39.7%) by the maximum of the respondents. In terms of compatibility, HDFS technologies were at top (40.6%). Simplicity and practicability of FN related technologies was perceived by maximum number of the respondents (41.9% and 48.9%).

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