scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of soil actinobacteria as cellulolytic enzyme producer from Aceh Besar, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenni Fitri ◽  
MOHAMMAD ADZANNIE BESSANIA ◽  
NADIA SEPTI ◽  
SUHARTONO SUHARTONO
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Cellulolytic Enzyme ◽  
Genus Streptomyces ◽  
Physiological Characterization ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Index Value

Abstract. Fitri L, Bessania MA, Septi N, Suhartono S. 2021. Isolation and characterization of soil actinobacteria as cellulolytic enzyme producer from Aceh Besar, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 5169-5180. Cellulolytic actinobacteria are cellulase-producing bacteria capable of degrading cellulose. This study aimed to isolate, characterize, evaluate the cellulolytic ability, and to determine physiological characterization of soil cellulolytic actinobacteria isolated from the Ujung Pancu area, Aceh Besar. Isolation of actinobacteria from soil samples was performed using serial dilution method on Yeast Malt Agar (YMA) medium. Morphological characterization was carried out by growing isolates on YMA, Oatmeal Agar (OA), and Yeast Starch Agar (YSA) media. Cellulolytic ability was determined by calculating the cellulolytic index (IS) on 1% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) medium after adding 0.1% congo red solution. Physiological characterization of cellulolytic actinobacteria tested in this study was salinity, pH, and carbon source in liquid Yeast Malt (liquid YM), and the growth was measured at a wavelength of 581nm. The results showed that a total of nine isolates of actinobacteria were isolated, which belonged to the genus Streptomyces. Cellulolytic test results showed that eight isolates had the ability to degrade cellulose. Isolates AUP-04, AUP-03, and AUP-01 had the highest cellulolytic index value. Physiological characterization results revealed that three isolates had different tolerances for salinity levels, pH, and types of carbon sources. AUP-03 isolate grew well at 10% salinity with an OD value of 0.88, isolate AUP-01 grew at 5% salinity with an OD value of 0.49, whereas isolate AUP-04 grew well on media that did not contain salinity. All three isolates grew well at pH 6 with OD values of 0.93, 1.12, and 1.27. AUP-03 and AUP-01 isolates grew well on media containing dextrose as carbon source with OD values of 0.154 and 0.17, respectively, while isolate AUP-04 grew well on glucose-containing media with an OD value of 0.22.

Morphological Characterization of Mycobacteriophage R1

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 254-255
Author(s):  
B. L. Soloff ◽  
T. A. Rado
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Logarithmic Growth Phase ◽  
Complete Lysis ◽  
Lysogenic Culture ◽  
Logarithmic Growth

Mycobacteriophage R1 was originally isolated from a lysogenic culture of M. butyricum. The virus was propagated on a leucine-requiring derivative of M. smegmatis, 607 leu−, isolated by nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis of typestrain ATCC 607. Growth was accomplished in a minimal medium containing glycerol and glucose as carbon source and enriched by the addition of 80 μg/ ml L-leucine. Bacteria in early logarithmic growth phase were infected with virus at a multiplicity of 5, and incubated with aeration for 8 hours. The partially lysed suspension was diluted 1:10 in growth medium and incubated for a further 8 hours. This permitted stationary phase cells to re-enter logarithmic growth and resulted in complete lysis of the culture.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of a Novel p,p’-DDT-Degrading Bacterium: Aeromonas sp. Strain MY1 from Agricultural Soil

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
Y. Murtala ◽  
B. C. Nwanguma ◽  
L. U. S. Ezeanyika
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Aerobic Conditions ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Background: Despite the banned on the use of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and other Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) by the Stockholm Convention for their toxicity, emerging shreds of evidence have indicated that DDT is, however, still in use in developing countries. This might increase the global burden of DDT contamination and its hazardous effects. Aim: This study focused on the isolation and characterization of p,p’-DDT-degrading bacterium from a tropical agricultural soil. Methodology: Standard isolation procedure was used for the screening and isolation of the strain. The 16S rRNA and phylogenetic analyses were used to identify the isolate and established protocols were followed to characterize the strain. Results: A new strain belonging to the genus Aeromonas was isolated from agricultural soil using minimal salt-p,p’-DDT enrichment medium. The 16S rRNA sequencing was used to identify the strain and the partial sequence was deposited in the NCBI GenBank as Aeromonas sp. Strain MY1. This mesophilic isolate was capable of utilizing up to 50 mgL-1 of p,p’-DDT as the sole carbon source at an optimum pH of 7.5 and optimum temperature of 35 °C within 120 h under aerobic conditions. Fe2+ (0.2 mgL-1) demonstrated a stimulatory effect on the p,p’-DDT degradation capacity by the strain MY1. However, Zn, Cu, Pb, Hg, Ag and Cr ions have demonstrated various patterns of inhibitory effect on the p,p’-DDT degradation capacity of the isolate at 0.2 mgL-1. The strain MY1 could be a promising candidate for the bioremediation of p,p’-DDT contaminant. Conclusion: Aeromonas sp. strain MY1 was capable of utilizing p,p’-DDT as a sole carbon source under aerobic conditions. The utilization capacity of the strain was influenced by some heavy metals. Fe was found to enhance the p,p’-DDT utilization capacity of the isolate at a lower concentration. While Zn, Cu, Pb, Hg, Ag and Cr showed various patterns of inhibitory effect.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Novel Psychrophilic, Neutrophilic, Fe-Oxidizing, Chemolithoautotrophic α- and γ-Proteobacteria from the Deep Sea

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 2906-2913 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Edwards ◽  
D. R. Rogers ◽  
C. O. Wirsen ◽  
T. M. McCollom
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacterium ◽  
Physiological Characterization ◽  
Metalliferous Sediments ◽  
Basalt Glass ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Iron Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Microaerobic Conditions

ABSTRACT We report the isolation and physiological characterization of novel, psychrophilic, iron-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) from low-temperature weathering habitats in the vicinity of the Juan de Fuca deep-sea hydrothermal area. The FeOB were cultured from the surfaces of weathered rock and metalliferous sediments. They are capable of growth on a variety of natural and synthetic solid rock and mineral substrates, such as pyrite (FeS2), basalt glass (∼10 wt% FeO), and siderite (FeCO3), as their sole energy source, as well as numerous aqueous Fe substrates. Growth temperature characteristics correspond to the in situ environmental conditions of sample origin; the FeOB grow optimally at 3 to 10°C and at generation times ranging from 57 to 74 h. They are obligate chemolithoautotrophs and grow optimally under microaerobic conditions in the presence of an oxygen gradient or anaerobically in the presence of nitrate. None of the strains are capable of using any organic or alternate inorganic substrates tested. The bacteria are phylogenetically diverse and have no close Fe-oxidizing or autotrophic relatives represented in pure culture. One group of isolates are γ-Proteobacteria most closely related to the heterotrophic bacterium Marinobacter aquaeolei (87 to 94% sequence similarity). A second group of isolates are α-Proteobacteria most closely related to the deep-sea heterotrophic bacterium Hyphomonas jannaschiana (81 to 89% sequence similarity). This study provides further evidence for the evolutionarily widespread capacity for Fe oxidation among bacteria and suggests that FeOB may play an unrecognized geomicrobiological role in rock weathering in the deep sea.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of a Genetically Tractable Photoautotrophic Fe(II)-Oxidizing Bacterium, Rhodopseudomonas palustris Strain TIE-1

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 4487-4496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongqin Jiao ◽  
Andreas Kappler ◽  
Laura R. Croal ◽  
Dianne K. Newman
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Rhodopseudomonas Palustris ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Integral Membrane Protein ◽  
Transposition Frequency ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Abc Transport ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Random Insertion

ABSTRACT We report the isolation and characterization of a phototrophic ferrous iron [Fe(II)]-oxidizing bacterium named TIE-1 that differs from other Fe(II)-oxidizing phototrophs in that it is genetically tractable. Under anaerobic conditions, TIE-1 grows photoautotrophically with Fe(II), H2, or thiosulfate as the electron donor and photoheterotrophically with a variety of organic carbon sources. TIE-1 also grows chemoheterotrophically in the dark. This isolate appears to be a new strain of the purple nonsulfur bacterial species Rhodopseudomonas palustris, based on physiological and phylogenetic analysis. Fe(II) oxidation is optimal at pH 6.5 to 6.9. The mineral products of Fe(II) oxidation are pH dependent: below pH 7.0 goethite (α-FeOOH) forms, and above pH 7.2 magnetite (Fe3O4) forms. TIE-1 forms colonies on agar plates and is sensitive to a variety of antibiotics. A hyperactive mariner transposon is capable of random insertion into the chromosome with a transposition frequency of ∼10−5. To identify components involved in phototrophic Fe(II) oxidation, mutants of TIE-1 were generated by transposon mutagenesis and screened for defects in Fe(II) oxidation in a cell suspension assay. Among approximately 12,000 mutants screened, 6 were identified that are specifically impaired in Fe(II) oxidation. Five of these mutants have independent disruptions in a gene that is predicted to encode an integral membrane protein that appears to be part of an ABC transport system; the sixth mutant has an insertion in a gene that is a homolog of CobS, an enzyme involved in cobalamin (vitamin B12) biosynthesis.

Isolation and characterization of an alkaliphilic bacterium utilizing pyrene as a carbon source

2004 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Habe ◽  
Mieko Kanemitsu ◽  
Mizuki Nomura ◽  
Tetsuo Takemura ◽  
Kenichi Iwata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Alkaliphilic Bacterium

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Mutants of the Methylotrophic Yeast,Candida boidiniiS2 That Are Impaired in Growth on Peroxisome-Inducing Carbon Sources

1995 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 869-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyoshi Sakai ◽  
Hideaki Matsuo ◽  
Kai-Ze He ◽  
Atsushi Saiganji ◽  
Hiroya Yurimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Methylotrophic Yeast ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Isolation and characterization of a heterotrophic nitrifier from coke plant wastewater

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 2084-2090 ◽  
Author(s):  
YuXiang Liu ◽  
YaQing Li ◽  
YongKang Lv
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Coke Plant ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
Meat Extract ◽  
Ammonium Removal ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

This study investigated some factors affecting ammonium removal and nitrite accumulation by Alcaligenes faecalis C16, which was isolated from the activated sludge of a coking wastewater treatment plant. Nitrite was produced from ammonium only in the presence of citrate, acetate, meat extract, peptone or ethanol. The highest amount of nitrite was found with citrate as carbon source. A. faecalis C16 could not use glucose, fructose, sucrose and methanol. Under the optimum conditions of initial pH 6.0, C/N 14, 30 °C and 120 rpm, a maximum nitrite accumulation of 28.29 mg/L NO2−-N was achieved when the organism grew with citrate in four days. Nitrite accumulation increased with the increase of NH4+-N. Furthermore, A. faecalis C16 was shown to have phenol-degrading capacity during ammonium removal. Metabolism of phenol resulted in acidification of the media, which is not favorable for nitrification, whereas many other carbon sources made the medium more alkaline. However, no inhibitory effect by phenol was observed when phenol and acetate were used as mixed carbon source at different phenol/sodium acetate (P/S) ratios and their pH values were all controlled above 9.2 or P/S ratios below 5:5. These results suggested that A. faecalis C16 has some potential application in industrial wastewater treatment systems.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of omnipotent suppressors in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Genetics ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-522
Author(s):  
L P Wakem ◽  
F Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Hypertonic Medium ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Chromosome Ii

Abstract Approximately 290 omnipotent suppressors, which enhance translational misreading, were isolated in strains of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing the psi+ extrachromosomal determinant. The suppressors could be assigned to 8 classes by their pattern of suppression of five nutritional markers. The suppressors were further distinguished by differences in growth on paromomycin medium, hypertonic medium, low temperatures (10 degrees), nonfermentable carbon sources, alpha-aminoadipic acid medium, and by their dominance and recessiveness. Genetic analysis of 12 representative suppressors resulted in the assignment of these suppressors to 6 different loci, including the three previously described loci SUP35 (chromosome IV), SUP45 (chromosome II) and SUP46 (chromosome II), as well as three new loci SUP42 (chromosome IV), SUP43 (chromosome XV) and SUP44 (chromosome VII). Suppressors belonging to the same locus had a wide range of different phenotypes. Differences between alleles of the same locus and similarities between alleles of different loci suggest that the omnipotent suppressors encode proteins that effect different functions and that altered forms of each of the proteins can effect the same function.

Isolation and Characterization of Extracellular Enzyme (Glutaminase and Urease) producing Bacteria isolated from Soil Samples of Different Regions of Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Shuchi Kaushik ◽  
Rajesh Singh Tomar
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Enzyme ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Microbiological Laboratory ◽  
Biochemical Testing ◽  
Industrial Level

Microbial glutaminase and urease have demonstrated their benefits in various fields like medicinal, pharmaceutical and biotechnological industries. Keeping this viewpoint, the aim of the present study was the isolation and characterization of extracellular enzyme-producing bacteria from soil samples collected from different regions of Gwalior (M.P.). The isolated bacterial cultures were processed by serial dilution method and maintained on nutrient agar medium following standard microbiological laboratory practices for maintenance and preservation of bacteria. We screened out three enzyme producing strains of Salmonella sp., Proteus vulgaris and Bacillus subtilis. The screening was based on biochemical testing and enzyme assays. To accomplish this work, we used differential as well as selective media. All the selected isolates were able to produce enzymes like L-Glutaminase and Urease with different specific enzymatic activity. These bacterial isolates were not reported to show any type of allergenicity when their sequences were checked by bioinformatics tool Algpred. So, these bacterial isolates can be considered as an alternative source for the production of enzymes and can be used for largescale production of enzymes at the industrial level.

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