scholarly journals Phenotypic and genetic diversity of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) in East Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Achmad Amzeri ◽  
Kaswan Badami ◽  
Pawana Gita ◽  
Moh. Alfiyan Syah ◽  
Budi Setiadi Daryono
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Skin Thickness ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
Number Of Seeds ◽  
Phenotypic And Genetic Diversity

Abstract. Amzeri A, Badami K, Pawana G, Alfiyan Syah M, Daryono BS. 2021. Phenotypic and genetic diversity of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) in East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 5223-5230. The assembly of hybrid watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thumb.) varieties with superior characters is an effort to meet the needs of watermelon seeds in Indonesia and reduce dependence on imports of watermelon seeds.  The morphological characterization of exploratory watermelon plants is needed to support the assembly of superior varieties because morphological characterization will reveal the characteristics of each watermelon tested.  In addition, the genetic and phenotypic diversity coefficients, heritability, and correlation between characters are needed to support the assembling of the desired variety.  This research aimed to determine morphological diversity, genetic and phenotypic diversity coefficients, heritability, and correlation among characters of watermelon from East Java, Indonesia.  The research used a randomized complete block design with ten genotypes as treatment and three replications,. The observed morphological characters were quantitative and qualitative characters.  The number of characters was 60 characters.  Eight quantitative characters, i.e., flowering date, harvesting date, fruit length, fruit diameter, skin thickness, fruit total soluble solids, number of seeds, and fruit weight were used to calculate the genetic and phenotypic diversity coefficient, heritability, and correlation between characters.  Quantitative character data were subjected to analysis of variance, followed with a Duncan Multiple Range Test (p<0.05).  The results showed that (i) Grouping based on morphological characters produces dendrograms with similarity coefficients ranging from 0.58 to 0.86 or there was a morphological diversity of 0.14 to 0.42, (ii) The phenotypic diversity coefficient (PDC) was greater than the genotypic diversity coefficient (PDC) in all observed quantitative characters, (iii) The broad sense Heritability values ?? of the tested watermelon genotypes ranged from 0.33 to 0.99, (iv) Fruit weight was significantly and positively correlated with fruit diameter, skin thickness, and number of seeds, (v) G1, G2, and G6 were the genotypes that can be used as parents to assemble superior watermelon varieties.

scholarly journals Morphological characterization and diversity of tadpoles (Amphibia: Anura) at Emas National Park and its surrounding, Goiás State, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Alves-Ferreira ◽  
Ingrid Beatriz Ferreira da Paixão ◽  
Fausto Nomura
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
New Records ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Anuran Species ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Different Populations

Abstract: Tadpoles are abundant in the environments in which they occur and remain in aquatic habitats for longer periods than adults, being relatively easier to collect. Despite the increase in tadpole research in the past decade, our understanding of its morphological diversity remains limited. Here, we provide morphological characterizations for larvae of 15 anuran species that occur at Emas National Park (ENP) and its surroundings, in Goiás, and compare them with descriptions available in the literature for other locations. We also present an update of the list of anuran species known to the ENP, based on tadpole sampling. We found tadpoles from 15 anuran species, of which five represent new records for the park. Many species showed variations in morphological characters when compared with descriptions available in the literature for other locations, reinforcing the importance of describing larvae from different populations. Through the exploration of morphological characters, it is possible to make inferences about the functional diversity of the larvae and questions related to the homology of characters, in addition to assisting in the identification and taxonomic distinction of species. Studies with tadpole communities can generate key information about the factors that drive the anurans' richness and distribution and can provide support for establishing more consistent conservation strategies and management plans.

scholarly journals Agro-morphological characterization of local garlic (Allium sativum L.) germplasm accessions collected from different regions of Jammu and Kashmir

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-127
Author(s):  
Sheikh M. Sultan ◽  
Susheel Kumar Raina
Keyword(s):  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Germplasm Accessions

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is increasingly becoming an essential component in human diet due to tremendous health-promoting benefits; its traditional local types are preferred for their taste. Garlic clones have specific adaptations to different agro-climatic regions; some have adapted to specific environments through artificial and natural selection. The study was undertaken to assess the variation in some agro-morphological characters of 17 local garlic germplasm accessions collected from different regions of Jammu and Kashmir including far-flung areas of Karthaie Padder Kishtwar and Balot Bhaderwah Doda. Most of these local garlic germplasm accessions are characterized by more pungent smell and distinctive taste often with pigmented coat layers. Some of these accessions have been cryo-preserved in National Gene Bank at ICAR-NBPGR New Delhi. The results have demonstrated the existence of a good amount of agro-morphological diversity in these local garlic germplasm accessions. Different ecotypes exhibit considerable variation among themselves in agronomic characteristics. Therefore, there is a need for concerted efforts for exploration, collection and maintenance of locally available garlic germplasm possessing quality traits including disease and pest resistance besides good storability characteristics for future garlic crop improvement programmes in the region.

scholarly journals Correlation Analysis Between Yield Component Traits and Yield of Watermelon Genotypes (Citrullus lanatus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Prinsip Trisna Mulyani ◽  
Budi Waluyo
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Phenotype Correlation ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Number Of Seeds ◽  
Fruit Diameter

Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunberg) Matsum & Nakai] is a plant that is widely cultivated and contains important nutritional compounds such as citrulline, arginine, and glutathione. In the last few years, the consumption of vegetables and fruits in Indonesia has tended to increase but cannot be fulfilled by domestic production. Yields are influenced by the character of yield components. This research aims to study the relationship between the character of the yield components on the yield in the watermelon. The study was arranged in augmented design and planting material are 75 watermelons genotypes and 3  checks varieties. The results showed that there are some characters of yield components that correlated with yields. The characters of yield components that have positive genetic correlation and positive phenotype correlation with fruit weight are stem length, number of branches, fruit stalk length,  fruit length, fruit diameter, thickness of pericarp, number of seeds per plant, and weight of seeds per plant. The yield components characters that have a negative genetic correlation with fruit weight are day to flowering. The characters of yield components that have positive genetic and phenotype correlation with seed weight per plant are fruit weight, stem length, fruit length, fruit diameter, number of seeds per plant, seed length, and seed width. The Characters of yield components that have a negative genetic correlation with seed weight are day to flowering and the first female flower emerges. The characters of yield components that correlate with the yield are used as selection markers for indirect selection.

scholarly journals Inventory and Morphological Diversity Characterization of Local Durian [Durio zibethinus Murr.] in South Sulawesi Province

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
NFN Nurlaila ◽  
Asriyanti Ilyas ◽  
NFN Sahardi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Skin Thickness ◽  
Durio Zibethinus ◽  
South Sulawesi

<p>South Sulawesi is one of the provinces in Indonesia which is famous for its durian fruit, especially the local one. These local durians are having several advantages such as resistance to major pests/diseases and high productivity. However, because of the lack of information, many local durians that actually have economic potential are not known by the community. The purpose of<br />this research was to inventory and characterize local Durian in South Sulawesi as the initial step for the registration of varieties. In accordance with the applicable regulations, registration of varieties is a requirement for a variety to be developed economically in local and global markets. This research was conducted in Luwu, Sinjai, and Bulukumba Regencies, South Sulawesi Province, from January to December 2015. The research was using descriptive method and sampling was conducted by purposive sampling<br />method. Direct observation was carried out on trees, leaves, and fruit as primary data, while secondary data was obtained through interviews with the owners of the plant. Eighteenth accessions of durian that have been tested showed that the morphological characters were quite diverse with a genetic similarity coefficient between 0.08–0.50. The dendrogram was divided into four groups. Lagalenrong and Laissong accessions had the greatest genetic similarity (0.50), while the smallest genetic similarity (0.08) were accessions of Simas with Laissong, Simas with Lanangka, Mentega with Lauro 1, Pagolla with Lauro 2, and Simas with Taramatekkeng 2. The superior characters such as medium fruit weight, medium-thinner skin thickness, and sweet taste, were observed on Pagolla, Mentega, and Taramatekkeng 2 accessions, while for attractive fruit flesh color were observed from Simas accession.</p>

scholarly journals Agro-morphological diversity (quantitative traits) of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivated in Baglung District, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Hom Nath Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Landraces ◽  
Quantitative Characters

Agro-morphological traits are the features of cultivated rice i.e. Oryza sativa L. Rice landraces differ from the other landrace in morphological features such as grain weight, culm number, and height of the plant. Nineteen different landraces of cultivated rice from Paiyunpata village, Baglung were studied and their quantitative characters were measured. The most varied landraces in morphological characters (Khate, Rato, Nepale, Anadi etc. i.e. species far from quadrants in PCA) are suggested for crop improvement. Findings from this research could be helpful for germplasm conservation.

scholarly journals Morphological characterization of six Lombok upland rice cultivars

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Baiq Sri Hartina ◽  
Rani Agustina Wulandari ◽  
Panjisakti Basunanda
Keyword(s):  
Upland Rice ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Genetic Source ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Lombok upland rice is one of the cultivars that have the potential as a genetic source. However, Lombok upland rice is almost rarely found. Therefore, conservation was carried out through morphological characterization to provide genetic information. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of six Lombok upland rice cultivars, namely, Reket Putek Bulu, Reket Putek Buntung, Reket Bireng Bulu, Reket Bireng Buntung, Pare Beaq Sapit, and Beaq Ganggas. A completely randomized design was used, consisting of these six Lombok upland rice cultivars as treatments. Two superior cultivars were also used for comparison. The study revealed sufficient divergence for various qualitative and quantitative traits. Pare Beaq Sapit and Beaq Ganggas shared common morphological characters, and both were tall plants. The auricle and ligule colors of Reket Bireng Bulu were different from those of the other cultivars. Reket Putek Buntung had the latest flowering and harvesting age. Reket Putek Bulu and Reket Bireng Buntung had a high number of productive tillers. Six cultivars of Lombok upland rice were characterized to have morphological diversity, so that they are expected to be used as genetic material in rice plant breeding, thereby developed to avoid extinction.

Characterization of the phenotypic variability in Colombian weedy rice (Oryza spp.)

Weed Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Hoyos ◽  
Guido Plaza ◽  
Ana L. Caicedo
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Production Areas

AbstractWeedy rice (Oryza spp.) is considered one of the main weeds in cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) around the world, having a great impact on both yield and quality of crop rice. Recent studies have characterized the range of morphological and genetic diversity in weedy rice from different locations and have revealed that there is often great morphological diversity within growing regions. No systematic attempt to characterize phenotypic diversity of weedy rice in Colombia, where this group of weeds greatly affects rice production, has yet been carried out. This study seeks (1) to establish the range of variation in various morphological characters for weedy rice collected in the five production zones of Colombia and to compare these with commercial varieties and landraces sown in the country, (2) to determine the association between weedy rice morphotypes and rice production areas in the country, and (3) to assess whether any association exists between morphology and recently discovered genetic groupings for weedy rice in Colombia. Based on a sampling of rice production areas in Colombia and evaluation of 27 phenotypic traits, a two-step cluster analysis identified four morphological groups for weedy rice in Colombia. These groupings had some limited association with geography and the genetic ancestries of weedy rice. Clustering showed that awn and apiculus color and awn length and presence are the most important predictors in defining morphological groupings. Understanding and classifying the morphological diversity may be helpful in understanding weedy rice origins, evolution, and potential management practices.

scholarly journals Molecular and Morphological Diversity Studies of Five Cola (Schott and Endl.) Species in Ibadan, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
ThankGod Timipanipiri Wood ◽  
Elijah Ige Ohimain
Keyword(s):  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Floral Colour ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Qualitative Characters ◽  
Dna Primers ◽  
Ibadan Nigeria

Intra- and inter-species genetic diversity study was carried out comparing the molecular and morphological characters of five Cola species namely Cola acuminata, Cola nitida, Cola millenii, Cola lepidota and Cola gigantea collected from five locations in Ibadan, Nigeria. Sixteen Cola accessions were analysed based on 7 quantitative characters, 12 qualitative characters and 8 Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA primers. From the quantitative characters studied, high significant difference across the location and species was recorded as leaf length had the strongest variability while the species obtained from Botany Nursery showed strongest locational effect on the vegetative leaf characters. All quantitative characters analysed were good determinants for delimiting Cola species. Cola lepidota recorded the highest variability compared to the other Cola species. Qualitative characters studied revealed that leaf surface, seed colour, and floral colour are strong characters for delimiting Cola species. Molecular analysis showed that 309 fragments were recorded, of which 28.5% were polymorphic while 8.4% were monomorphic. Genetic similarities ranged from 0.44 to 0.93 for the 16 Cola accessions with a mean value of 0.67. Deductions from the combined effect of molecular and morphological characters showed high variability for the characters analysed and a likely monophyletic relationship for the 16 Cola accessions.  Molecular and morphological determinants observed in this study can help Cola breeders identify species of interest. We recommend further research on the variability of Cola species.

scholarly journals Agro-morphological characterization of horned melon (Cucumis metuliferus) accessions from selected agro-ecological zones in Kenya

2020 ◽  
pp. 1487-1496
Author(s):  
Marline Hanny Owino ◽  
Bernard Mukiri Gichimu ◽  
Phyllis Wambui Muturi
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Agro Ecological Zones

Morphological characterization of genotypes is fundamental in providing information on their genetic status to guide on their conservation and improvement. The objective of this study was to determine agro-morphological diversity within horned melon in Kenya. The study was carried out in two seasons at the University of Embu in Kenya. The study characterized 19 horned melon accessions collected from different agro-ecological zones in Eastern, Central and Western regions in Kenya. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Morphological characterization of the accessions was based on melon descriptors from International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) with slight modifications. Significant differences were observed in all the quantitative traits except the number of branches and main vine length. However, qualitative variations were only observed in fruit shape, rind colour and seed shape. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) showed that fruit weight, main vine length and days to maturity had the highest contribution to the observed diversity. Cluster analysis separated the accessions into seven groups with between classes diversity of 79.20% and within classes diversity of 20.80%. The diversity observed can be exploited by plant breeders for genetic improvement of the crop.

scholarly journals Exploration and identification of Anredera cordifolia morphological characters in the highlands and lowlands

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaya Hasanah ◽  
Lisa Mawarni
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Leaf Color ◽  
Plant Selection ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Descriptive Method

Abstract. Hasanah Y, Mawarni L. 2020. Exploration and identification of Anredera cordifolia morphological characters in the highlands and lowlands. Biodiversitas 21: 2759-2766. Information about genetic diversity and relationships between accessions is very important in plant breeding programs, because with the availability of this information, it is easier to determine relationship between accessions that can be used as a basis for plant selection. The objective of the research was to evaluate the morphological characteristics and relationship of binahong or Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) accessions in the lowlands and highlands. The study was conducted in Karo (highlands) and Medan (lowlands), North Sumatra, Indonesia, from May to August 2019. This research used a descriptive method. Before the survey and exploration are conducted, first a pre-survey was conducted by gathering information from key informants and other informants. The characteristic of morphological diversity A. cordifolia can be distinguished based on leaf color, stem shape, axillary tuber, rhizome, and the presence of flowers. The dendrogram relationship between accessions is based on a genetic similarity matrix using cluster analysis. Analysis of qualitative morphological characters revealed the existence of variability among A. cordifolia accessions. There is a far relationship relation between A. cordifolia plants in Karo and Medan with Eucludian range of 0.446 to 57.725, hence resulting in two clusters that show differences in the variation of A. cordifolia plants. There is a distant relationship relation with M4 and M7 accessions with a dissimilar distance of 57,725 and the closest relationship with accession K1 and K2 with a dissimilar distance of 0.446. Therefore, morphological characterization in the research is valuable to understand the variability of genetic of A. cordifolia accessions in the lowland and highland in North Sumatra.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document