scholarly journals The effect of various rice varieties to antimicrobial activity of red mould rice by Monascus purpureus

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
FITRI SULISTYORINI ◽  
M.A.M. ANDRIANI ◽  
ROHULA UTAMI
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Monascus Purpureus ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
White Rice

Sulistyorini F, Andriani M, Utami R. 2008. The effect of various rice varieties to antimicrobial activity of red mould rice by Monascus purpureus. Biofarmasi 9: 50-54. This research had been done at Food and Nutrient Laboratory and Manipulated of Process Laboratory, Agriculture Product Technology Department, Agriculture Faculty, Sebelas Maret University in Surakarta, started from May until September 2008. The aim of this research was to determine the antimicrobial activity of red mould rice from white rice, red rice and black rice. This research used a factorial experiment that arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) factorial with two experimental factors. The first factor was three levels of rice variety, i.e. white rice (B1), red rice (B2) and black rice (B3). The second factor was fourth levels of extract concentrations, i.e. 2.5% (K1), 5.0% (K2), 7.5% (K3) and 10% (K4). The observation variables included colonies total of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, with a plate count method. The result of this research showed that the interaction of rice variety of red mould rice and the extract concentration effected to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and not effected to Escherichia coli. The extract of red mould rice from black rice with 10% concentration extract, had the highest antimicrobial activity to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The conclusion of this research was red mould rice had an antimicrobial activity. Red mould rice from black rice had an antimicrobial activity higher than red mould rice from red rice and red mould rice from white rice.

scholarly journals The Resistance of Local Pigmented Rice Varieties against Bacterial Leaf Blight

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Tri Joko ◽  
Kristamtini Kristamtini ◽  
Sumarno Sumarno ◽  
Rofiq Andriyanto
Keyword(s):  
Rice Variety ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
White Rice ◽  
Progress Curve

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is an important disease in rice plants worldwide, including in Indonesia. The use of resistant variety against BLB is the best effort in disease control because it is considered as the most effective and environmentally friendly. This study aimed to evaluate the resistance of local varieties, red rice (cv. Sembada Merah) and black rice (cv. Sembada Hitam), against Xoo compared to white rice variety (Ciherang), commonly cultivated by the farmers. The study was conducted in a greenhouse and arranged in Factorial of Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 replications and 2 treatment factors: variety (Sembada Hitam, Sembada Merah, and Ciherang) and inoculation (with and without inoculated by Xoo bacterial suspension). Xoo inoculation was performed by clipping the leaves that close to the reproductive phase when the heading begins to be produced. The disease intensity and Area Under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) over two weeks were used to determine the level of resistance of the tested plant varieties. The results showed that black rice and red rice had better levels of resistance against BLB compared to white rice. At two weeks after inoculation, Sembada Hitam had the lowest AUDPC value followed by Sembada Merah, while the Ciherang had the highest AUDPC value and was categorized as a susceptible variety to Xoo.

scholarly journals Anthocyanin Content Characterization on Pigmented Local Rice as Genetic Resources of Functional Food

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Kristina Dwiatmini ◽  
Higa Afza
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
White Rice ◽  
Pigmented Rice

<p>Local varieties of pigmented rice are highly valuable genetic resources as a functional food in the future. Pigmented rice contains anthocyanins which function as nutrient bioactive components, called antioxidants. The aim of this research was to characterize anthocyanin content on 27 accessions of pigmented local rice, 2 varieties of released red rice varieties (Aek Sibundong and Inpari<br />24), and 1 control varieties of white rice, Ciherang. The content of anthocyanin was analyzed by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with cyanidin-3-glucoside as a standard. The results showed that local rice Aen Metan and Melik had the highest anthocyanin content were reached 0.7953 mg/g and 0.7806 mg/g. These content were higher than 2 released red rice varieties, Aek Sibundong and Inpari 24 which had anthocyanin content reached 0.6496 mg/g and 0.4423 mg/g, respectively. Aen Metan and Melik were local black rice varieties and frequently have used as a parent in the breeding program. The white rice as control, Ciherang was showed the lowest anthocyanin content. Four pigmented local rice, Baliman Putih, Sari Kuning, Karamanting, and Iden had higher anthocyanin content than the two released red rice breeding varieties.</p>

PENINGKATAN KADAR ANTOSIANIN BERAS MERAH DAN BERAS HITAM MELALUI BIOFORTIFIKASI / Increasing Anthocyanin of Red and Black Rice through Biofortification

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buang Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Yield Trial ◽  
Better Than

<p>improving nutritional status of human health. Rice as a staple food for Indonesian community is potential to be increased its nutritional content to produce rice with high vitamin, mineral and/or antioxidant (anthocyanin) which is benefit for human health. Anthocyanin is a compound that produced by plants. Biofortification of rice for high content of anthocyanin was carried out through development of red and black rice through conventional breeding. Bio-fortification is more effective than fortification to combat generative diseases. Two red improved rice varieties were released with high anthocyanin content were released by IAARD, namely Inpari 24 Gabusan as a red rice variety with anthocyanin content of 8 ug/100g and Inpari 25 Opak Jaya as a waxy red rice variety with anthocyanin content of 11 ug/100g. Red rice varieties produced from biofortification are rapidly adopted by farmers and stake-holders. Several number of red and black rice advanced lines having higher anthocyanin content are being tested in the field for their yield trial. These lines could be released as red and black rice varieties that better than the existing varieties. In order to overcome degenerative diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and high blood consuming functional food from bio-fortification would be more efficient than that from fortification, because the important compound which added through bio-fortification is derivative and eternal.</p><p>Keywords: Red and black rice, anthocyanin, bio-fortification</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Biofortifikasi adalah paradigma baru di dunia pertanian dan merupakan salah satu pendekatan dalam meningkatkan gizi masyarakat. Beras yang merupakan makanan pokok di Indonesia dapat ditingkatkan kandungan gizinya melalui program pemuliaan tanaman guna menghasilkan varietas padi yang berasnya mengandung vitamin, mineral, dan/atau senyawa lain seperti antosianin yang bermanfaat bagi kesehatan. Antosianin dapat dihasilkan oleh tanaman secara alami. Biofortifikasi beras yang mengandung antosianin tinggi telah dilakukan melalui program perakitan varietas padi beras merah dan beras hitam dengan prosedur pemuliaan konvensional. Dua varietas unggul padi fungsional yang mengandung antosianin tinggi telah dilepas yaitu Inpari-24 Gabusan sebagai varietas unggul padi beras merah dengan kandungan antosianin 8 ug/100g dan Inpari-25 Opak Jaya sebagai varietas ketan merah dengan kandungan antosianin 11 ug/100g. Varietas unggul padi beras merah hasil biofortikasi telah berkembang luas di beberapa daerah karena disukai konsumen dan menguntungkan petani. Beberapa galur harapan padi beras merah dan beras hitam yang mengandung antosianin lebih tinggi masih dalam tahap pengujian daya hasil dan multilokasi. Beberapa di antara galur tersebut diharapkan dapat dilepas sebagai varietas unggul padi beras merah dan beras hitam yang lebih baik dari varietas yang sudah ada. Untuk mengatasi penyakit degeneratif seperti kanker, diabetes, dan hipertensi, dengan mengonsumsi pangan fungsional hasil biofortikasi lebih efisien dan lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan pangan hasil fortifikasi karena senyawa penting yang ditambahkan melalui biofortifikasi bersifat diwariskan dan langgeng. Kata kunci: Padi, beras merah, beras hitam, antosianin, biofortifikasi</p>

scholarly journals Characterization and antimicrobial activity of vaginal lactobacillus isolate

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Zavisic ◽  
Zeljka Radulovic ◽  
Valentina Vranic ◽  
Jelena Begovic ◽  
L. Topisirovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Probiotic Potential ◽  
Pathogenic Escherichia Coli

The aim of this study was to investigate the probiotic potential of bacteriocin-producing lactobacilli strain Lactobacillus plantarum G2 isolated from the vaginal mucus of healthy women. The antimicrobial effect of G2 was confirmed in the mixed culture with pathogenic Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella abony and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while bacteriocine activity was detected against S. aureus and S. abony only. The strain showed an excellent survival rate in low pH and in the presence of bile salts. The percentage of adhered cells of L. plantarum G2 to hexadecane was 63.85?2.0 indicating the intermediate hydrophobicity.

scholarly journals Enhancement of ciprofloxacin activity by incorporating it in solid lipid nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 909-918
Author(s):  
Saqer Alarifi ◽  
Salam Massadeh ◽  
Mohammed Al-Agamy ◽  
Manal A.l. Aamery ◽  
Abdulkareem Al Bekairy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Release Profile ◽  
Drug Release Profile ◽  
Solid Lipid

Purpose: To incorporate ciprofloxacin (CIP) into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) in order to enhance its biopharmaceutical properties and antibacterial activity.Methods: A sonication melt-emulsification method was employed for the preparation of CIP-loaded SLN. The composition of the SLN was varied in order to investigate factors such as lipid type and combination ratio, drug to lipid ratio, and surfactant ratio. The produced SLN formulations wereevaluated for their particle size and shape, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. In addition, the effect of SLN formulation composition on its drug release profile and antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus Aureus was also investigated.Results: The generated nanoparticles had particle size in the range of 165 to 320 nm. The zetapotential values were generally low within ± 5. All formulations exhibited entrapment efficiency between 50 and 90 %. CIP release exhibited a biphasic release profile with a low burst phase, followed by uniform controlled-release behavior of various rates. SLN-loaded CIP exhibited one-fold reduction in minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and caused significant inhibition of all the three bacterial strains tested, when compared with pure CIP.Conclusion: Loading of CIP into SLN significantly enhances its antimicrobial activity in vitro which can translate to significant enhancement of therapeutic outcomes by minimizing the dose-dependent adverse and side effects and/or enhancing the antimicrobial spectrum of activity. Keywords: Solid lipid nanoparticles, Sonication melt-emulsification, Ciprofloxacin, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SELECTED INDIAN FOLK MEDICINAL PLANTS: MYRISTICA FATUA, ALSTONIA BOONEI, HELICTERES ISORA, VITEX ALTISSIMA AND ATALANTIA RACEMOSA

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Kokkaiah Irulandi ◽  
Sethupandian Geetha ◽  
Palanichamy Mehalingam
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Helicteres Isora ◽  
Acetone Extracts

Objective: To determine antimicrobial activity of methanol, ethyl acetate and acetone extracts of Myristica fatua, Alstonia boonei, Helicteres isora, Vitex altissima and Atalantia racemosa  against different species of pathogens, Streptococcus feacalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Staphyllococcus aureus, and Candida albicans.Methods: Antimicrobial activity of plant extracts was measured by agar well diffusion method.Results: Acetone extracts of Alstonia boonei showed the highest inhibitory effect against Escherichia coli (21.00 ± 1.00 mm) and Streptococcus faecalis (19.00 ± 1.00 mm). All the extracts of Heliteres isora leaves showed different zone of inhibition observed in all the tested pathogens ranges between (8.13 ± 1.53 – 15.25 ± 1.23 mm). Ethyl acetate extract of Vitex altissima showed highest activity against Bacillus sublilis (19.67 ± 1.53 mm). Methanol and acetone leaves extracts of Atalantia racemosa have good fungal activity against the Candida albicans (19.33 ± 1.26 mm - 16.00 ± 1.00 mm). Methanol extract of Myristica fatua showed high antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.10 ± 0.17 mm) and Bacillus subtilis (14.23 ± 0.21 mm).Conclusion: The results from the study suggest that the leaves Myristica fatua, Alstonia boonei, Helicteres isora, Vitex altissima and Atalantia racemosa showed good antimicrobial activity against the different pathogens. They are used as the alternative source for the control and treatment of microbial infections.Keywords: Antimicrobial activity, Leaves extracts,  Well diffusion method, Pathogenic strains.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Cultivable Endophytic and Rhizosphere Fungi Associated with “Mile-a-Minute,” Mikania cordata (Asteraceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavithra L. Jayatilake ◽  
Helani Munasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Rhizosphere Fungi

Endophytic and rhizosphere fungi are understood to be aiding the host plant to overcome a range of biotic and abiotic stresses (nutrition depletion, droughts, etc.) hence, they remain to be reservoirs of plethora of natural products with immense use. Consequently, this investigation of endophytic and rhizosphere fungi isolated from Mikania cordata (a perennial vine that is well established in Sri Lanka) for their antimicrobial properties was performed with the aim of future derivation of potential beneficial pharmaceutical products. Leaves, twigs, and roots of M. cordata were utilized to isolate a total of 9 endophytic fungi out of which the highest amount (44%) accounted was from the twigs. A sample of the immediate layer of soil adhering to the root of M. cordata was utilized to isolate 15 rhizosphere fungi. Fusarium equiseti and Phoma medicaginis were endophytes that were identified based on colony and molecular characteristics. The broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity depicted by F. equiseti (MK517551) was found to be significantly greater (p≤0.05, inhibitory against Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 25853) than P. medicaginis (MK517550) (inhibitory against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 25853) as assessed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Trichoderma virens and Trichoderma asperellum were rhizospere fungi that exhibited remarkable antimicrobial properties against the test pathogens chosen for the study. T. asperellum indicated significantly greater bioactivity against all four bacterial pathogens and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 under study. The ranges of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the fungi depicting antimicrobial properties were determined. The results obtained suggest that F. equiseti, P. medicaginis, T. asperellum, and T. virens of M. cordata harness bioprospective values as natural drug candidates. This is the first report on isolation and evaluation of the antimicrobial properties of endophytic and rhizosphere fungi of Mikania cordata.

scholarly journals Spatial Structure and Antimicrobial Activity of Cyclopropane Derivative of Limonene

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801300
Author(s):  
Daniyar Sadyrbekov ◽  
Timur Saliev ◽  
Yuri Gatilov ◽  
Ivan Kulakov ◽  
Roza Seidakhmetova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cyclopropane Derivative

A cyclopropane derivative of limonene, (1 S, 4 S, 6 R)-7,7-dichloro-4-[(1 S)-2,2-dichloro-1-methylcyclopropyl]-1-methylbicyclo [4.1.0] heptane (compound 2), was synthesized and its structure was determined by NMR and X-ray crystallographic methods. In addition, an antimicrobial activity of the compound against Gram-positive ( Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative ( Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacterial strains was also scrutinized.

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