scholarly journals Technical approaches to single port/incision laparoscopic appendicectomy: a literature review

2011 ◽  
Vol 93 (7) ◽  
pp. 508-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Rehman ◽  
I Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Single Incision ◽  
Single Port ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Skin Incision ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Open Appendicectomy ◽  
Hybrid Procedures ◽  
Central Register

INTRODUCTION Single port/incision laparoscopic surgery (SPILS) is a modern advancement toward stealth surgery. Despite the paucity of high-quality scientific studies assessing its effectiveness, this procedure is being used increasingly. This review aims to describe commonly used techniques for SPILS appendicectomies (SPILA), to summarise complication rates in the literature and to provide discussion on indications and implementation. METHODS All available databases including the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE® and Embase™ were searched in February 2011 and cross-referenced for available English literature describing SPILA in patients of any age. RESULTS Three broad technical approaches are described: procedures using laparoscopic instruments through a single skin incision in the abdominal wall, regardless of the number of fascial incisions, with or without the additional use of percutaneous sutures or wires to ‘assist’ the operation, and hybrid procedures, in which the appendix is exteriorised using a single incision laparoscopically assisted operation but subsequently divided using a conventional ‘open’ appendicectomy technique. Complication rates seem to be highest in SPILA procedures unassisted by sutures or wires. CONCLUSIONS Future research assessing the efficacy of single incision laparoscopic procedures should consider variation in technique as a possible factor affecting outcome.

scholarly journals Azithromycin in patients with Covid-19; a systematic review and metanalysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Ayerbe ◽  
Ivo Forgnone ◽  
Carlos Risco-Risco ◽  
Maria Perez-Pinar ◽  
Salma Ayis
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Observational Design

Background: Azithromycin (AZM) has been widely used in the management of Covid-19. However, the evidence on its actual effects remains disperse and difficult to apply in clinical settings. This systematic review and metanalysis summarizes the studies on the beneficial and adverse effect of AZM in patients with Covid-19. Methods: The PRISMA 2020 statement criteria were followed. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies comparing clinical outcomes of patients treated, and not treated, with AZM, indexed until the 5th of July 2021, were searched in PubMed, Embase, The Web of Science, Scopus, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and MedRXivs. We used Random-effects models to estimate pooled effect size from aggregate data. Results: The initial search produced 4950 results. Finally, 16 studies, five RCTs and 11 with an observational design, with a total of 22984 patients, were included. The metanalysis showed no difference in mortality for those treated, or not, with AZM, OR: 0.95 (0.79-1.13). There was also no significant difference for those treated, and not, with AZM in need for hospital admission or time to admission from ambulatory settings, clinical severity, need for intensive care, or adverse effects. Conclusions: These results presented in this review do not support the use of AZM in the management of Covid-19. They also show that any harm caused to the patient who received it is unlikely. Future research on treatment for patients with Covid-19 may need to focus on other drugs

scholarly journals Pharmacologic interventions for fatigue in cancer and transplantation: a meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 152 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Tomlinson ◽  
P. D. Robinson ◽  
S. Oberoi ◽  
D. Cataudella ◽  
N. Culos-Reed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Methodologic Quality ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Fatigue Severity ◽  
Pharmacologic Agents

Background Our objective was to determine whether, compared with control interventions, pharmacologic interventions reduce the severity of fatigue in patients with cancer or recipients of hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (hsct).Methods For a systematic review, we searched medline, embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, cinahl, and Psychinfo for randomized trials of systemic pharmacologic interventions for the management of fatigue in patients with cancer or recipients of hsct. Two authors independently identified studies and abstracted data. Methodologic quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. The primary outcome was fatigue severity measured using various fatigue scales. Data were synthesized using random-effects models.Results In the 117 included trials (19,819 patients), the pharmacologic agents used were erythropoietins (n = 31), stimulants (n = 19), l-carnitine (n = 6), corticosteroids (n = 5), antidepressants (n = 5), appetite stimulants (n = 3), and other agents (n = 48). Fatigue was significantly reduced with erythropoietin [standardized mean difference (smd): –0.52; 95% confidence interval (ci): –0.89 to –0.14] and with methylphenidate (smd: –0.36; 95% ci: –0.56 to –0.15); modafinil (or armodafinil) and corticosteroids were not effective.Conclusions Erythropoietin and methylphenidate significantly reduced fatigue severity in patients with cancer and in recipients of hsct. Concerns about the safety of those agents might limit their usefulness. Future research should identify effective interventions for fatigue that have minimal adverse effects.

scholarly journals Horizontal Ridge Augmentation: A Comparison between Khoury and Urban Technique

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 749
Author(s):  
Javier Sánchez-Sánchez ◽  
Finn Niclas Pickert ◽  
Luis Sánchez-Labrador ◽  
Francisco GF Tresguerres ◽  
José María Martínez-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Alveolar Ridge ◽  
Ridge Augmentation ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Augmentation Techniques ◽  
Bone Gain

Purpose. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate and compare the clinical efficacy of horizontal alveolar ridge augmentation techniques described by Khoury and Urban. Methods. A systematic electronic search in the MEDLINE databases, SCOPUS, WOS, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) as well as a manual search, were conducted independently by two reviewers up to July 2021. Results. Six studies met the pre-established inclusion criteria and were included in the descriptive analysis. Due to the heterogeneity found across the included studies, meta-analysis could not be performed. Horizontal bone gain was between 3.93 ± 0.9 mm and 5.02 ± 0.8 mm with the Khoury technique and between 3.9 ± 0.9 mm and 5.68 ± 1.42 mm with the Urban technique. Similar complication rates were reported in both groups: infection (7%), in the Khoury technique, and membrane exposure (3.2–13.6%), in the Urban technique, being the most frequent events. Conclusions. Both techniques were found to be effective, in terms of clinical bone gain, for horizontal alveolar ridge gain. Nevertheless, available literature is limited, and there is a lack of comparative studies to better evaluate the results.

The Evidence Base for Interventions Targeting Individuals With Work-Related PTSD: A Systematic Review and Recommendations

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Torchalla ◽  
Verena Strehlau
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Industrial Injuries

The purpose of this study was to summarize the evidence base for interventions targeting individuals with work-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), to make recommendations for clinicians and administrative decision makers involved in their rehabilitation, and to guide future research in this area. Particular attention was given to studies that were conducted in naturalistic clinical settings or in a workers’ compensation claim context. Electronic searches of Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, PILOTS, and EMBASE identified 11 articles. Study populations included railroad personnel, police officers, disaster workers, and individuals with industrial injuries. Interventions included trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Several studies specifically targeted workers who had failed to return to work (RTW) after standard PTSD treatment. The results suggest that psychotherapy interventions are beneficial for helping clients recover from PTSD symptoms and RTW. In studies that reported on work status, RTW rates increased over time and generally lay between 58% and 80% across follow-up time points. Narrative impressions were supplemented by calculation of Risk Differences for individuals working at pretreatment versus posttreatment. Clinical consideration, methodological issues limiting the current body of work, and recommendations for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Survival outcomes of patients with cervical cancer and accompanying hydronephrosis: A systematic review of the literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasilios Pergialiotis ◽  
Ioannis Bellos ◽  
Nikolaos Thomakos ◽  
Dimitrios Haidopoulos ◽  
Despina N. Perrea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Obstructive Uropathy ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Percutaneous Nephrostomy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Present Systematic Review

Hydronephrosis is a sign of advanced stage disease in patients with cervical cancer. Its presence is believed to negatively affect the survival of patients. To date, however, consensus in this field is still lacking. The purpose of the present systematic review is to gather the available data and to provide directions for future research in the field. We systematically searched Medline, Scopus, Clinicaltrials.gov, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials CENTRA and Google Scholar databases from inception till June 2018. Overall, 22 studies were included in the present systematic review that evaluated outcomes from 8521 patients with cervical cancer. The findings of our systematic review support that hydronephrosis negatively affects the overall survival of cervical cancer patients. Specifically, the reported 5-year OS hazards ratio for hydronephrosis ranged between 1.34 and 3.74. Outcomes concerning the disease-free survival of these patients were, however, less discrete. None of the included studies reported whether the decreased survival of patients with hydronephrosis was attributed to complications of obstructive uropathy such as uremia and sepsis. Thus, it remains, to date, unclear whether placement of ureteral stents or percutaneous nephrostomy may actually benefit these patients. More studies are needed to evaluate the actual impact of hydronephrosis on survival rates at the various stages of cervical cancer and to help establish consensus regarding the optimal mode of management of these patients.

scholarly journals The Status of the Quality Control in Neuroimaging Studies of Acupuncture Analgesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Zhen Gao ◽  
Gaofeng Liu ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Laixi Ji
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Acupuncture Analgesia ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Other Information ◽  
The Status ◽  
Chinese And English

Neuroimaging technology is an important technology used to explore the neural mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia. In this study, we extracted original studies published in Chinese and English focusing on the use of neuroimaging technology to explore the mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia from PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EMBASE, Web of Science, and CNKI databases from January 1999 to August 2020. The extracted data were statistically analyzed in terms of year of publication, country, experimental design, and quality control approaches used, sample size, characteristics of participants, acupuncture operation, and other information. Analysis of the literature revealed that international cooperation promotes scientific research. Flexible experimental design can better explain the mechanism of acupuncture analgesia. Reasonable sample size, strict participant inclusion criteria, and standard acupuncture practices are essential for repeatability of conclusions. These findings show that attention should be paid to quality control in future research to improve the reliability of research on acupuncture analgesia.

scholarly journals Fascia Suture Technique and Suture-mediated Closure Devices: Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 013-022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Kostakis ◽  
Demetrios Moris ◽  
Viktoria-Varvara Palla ◽  
Konstantinos Moulakakis ◽  
Georgios Karaolanis
Keyword(s):  
Common Femoral Artery ◽  
Suture Technique ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Technical Success ◽  
Intraoperative Complication ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Aneurysm Repair

Background The aim of the present study is to review the available data on suture-mediated closure devices (SMCDs) and fascia suture technique (FST), which are alternatives for minimizing the invasiveness of percutaneous endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (p-EVAR) and reduce the complications related to groin dissections. Methods The Medline, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cochrane library – Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases were searched for publications regarding SMCD and FST between January 1999 and December 2016. Results We review 37 original articles, 30 referring to SMCDs (Prostar XL and Proglide), which included 3,992 patients, and 6 articles referring to FST, which include 426 patients. The two techniques are compared only in one article (100 patients). The two types of SMCDs were Prostar and Proglide. In most studies on SMCDs, the reported technical success rates were between 89 and 100%, but the complication rates varied greatly between 0 and 25%. Concerning FST, the technical success rates were also high, ranging between 87 and 99%. However, intraoperative complication rates ranged between 1.2 and 13%, whereas postoperative complication rates varied from 0.9 to 6.2% for the short-term and from 1.9 to 13.6% for the long-term. Conclusions SMCDs and FST seem to be effective and simple methods for closing common femoral artery (CFA) punctures after p-EVAR. FST can reduce the access closure time and the procedural costs with a quite short learning curve, whereas it can work as a bailout procedure for failed SMCDs suture. The few failures of the SMCDs and FST that may occur due to bleeding or occlusion can easily be managed.

scholarly journals Variable trajectory: a systematic review, analytic synthesis and construct domain consolidation of international measures of competence in doctors and medical students

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e047395
Author(s):  
Kirsty L Hodgson ◽  
Daniel J Lamport ◽  
Allán Laville
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Current Medical Practice ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Instrument Quality

BackgroundCompetence is assessed throughout a doctor’s career. Failure to identify and manage impaired competence can have critical consequences. Consistent conceptualisation and accurate measurement of this construct is imperative. Therefore, the objective of this review was to identify and evaluate measures used to assess competence in doctors and medical students.MethodsA systematic search of the published literature was undertaken between December 2019 and February 2020 for articles reporting on the measurement of competence in doctors and/or medical students. Searches were conducted in the PsychSOURCE, US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, MEDLINE (PubMed), The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Web of Science electronic databases. Citation screening and forward citation tracking of included studies were carried out to identify any further relevant papers for inclusion. One thousand one hundred and thirty-six potentially relevant articles were screened. An analytic synthesis approach was implemented to the identification, organisation and interpretation of homogenous study and measure characteristics.ResultsTwelve competence domains were identified from the 153 identified measures. Knowledge and procedural competence domains were the dominant focus of publications reporting current medical practice, but less so in research-based studies which more frequently assessed interpersonal, psychological, physiological and ethical competencies. In the 105 included articles, the reporting of measurement instrument quality was varied, with comprehensive reporting only present in 53.6% of measures; validation for some of the measures was particularly limited.DiscussionWhile this review included a considerable number of publications reporting the measurement of competence in doctors and medical students, the heterogeneity of the measures and variation of findings limit the ability to evaluate their validity and generalisability. However, this review presents a resource for researchers and medical educators which may inform operational practice and future research.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020162156.

Remote home management for chronic kidney disease: A systematic review

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting He ◽  
Xing Liu ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Qiaoyu Wu ◽  
Meilin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Favorable Result ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
Home Management ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Healthcare Model

Background Remote home management is a new healthcare model that uses information technology to enhance patients' self-management of disease in a home setting. This study is designed to identify the effects of remote home management on patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods A comprehensive search of PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was performed in January 2015. The reference listings of the included articles in this review were also manually examined. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) designed to evaluate the effects of remote home management on patients with CKD were included. Results Eight trials were identified. The results of this study suggest that the quality of life (QOL) enabled by remote home management was higher than typical care in certain dimensions. However, the effects of remote home management on blood pressure (BP) remain inconclusive. The studies that assessed health service utilization demonstrated a significant decrease in hospital readmission, emergency room visits, and number of days in the hospital. Another favorable result of this study is that regardless of their gender, age or nationality, patients tend to comply with remote home management programs and the use of related technologies. Conclusions The available data indicate that remote home management may be a novel and effective disease management strategy for improving CKD patients' QOL and influencing their attitudes and behaviors. And, relatively little is known about BP and cost-effectiveness, so future research should focus on these two aspects for the entire population of patients with CKD.

scholarly journals Online tools for individuals with depression and neurologic conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 344-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Lukmanji ◽  
Tram Pham ◽  
Laura Blaikie ◽  
Callie Clark ◽  
Nathalie Jetté ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Apps ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Online Tools ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Central Register

AbstractBackground:Patients with neurologic conditions commonly have depression. Online tools have the potential to improve outcomes in these patients in an efficient and accessible manner. We aimed to identify evidence-informed online tools for patients with comorbid neurologic conditions and depression.Methods:A scoping review of online tools (free, publicly available, and not requiring a facilitator) for patients with depression and epilepsy, Parkinson disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), traumatic brain injury (TBI), or migraine was conducted. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Cochrane CENTRAL Register of Controlled Trials were searched from database inception to January 2017 for all 5 neurologic conditions. Gray literature using Google and Google Scholar as well as app stores for both Android and Apple devices were searched. Self-management or self-efficacy online tools were not included unless they were specifically targeted at depression and one of the neurologic conditions and met the other eligibility criteria.Results:Only 4 online tools were identified. Of these 4 tools, 2 were web-based self-management programs for patients with migraine or MS and depression. The other 2 were mobile apps for patients with PD or TBI and depression. No online tools were found for epilepsy.Conclusions:There are limited depression tools for people with neurologic conditions that are evidence-informed, publicly available, and free. Future research should focus on the development of high-quality, evidence-based online tools targeted at neurologic patients.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document