scholarly journals The potential of electricity generation from the major agricultural wastes in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Vo Chau Ngan Nguyen ◽  
Thi Thuy Nguyen ◽  
Le Phuong Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Livestock Feeding

Agricultural activities produce a large quantity of waste each year in the Mekong Delta. For example, appropriately 26.86 million tons of rice straw, 5.37 million tons of rice husks, 1.33 million tons of bagasse and 0.59 million tons of corn straw were produced in 2016. Despite such a huge quantity of agricultural waste, the waste has been rarely used effectively. Around 54.1 - 98.0% of rice straw is normally burnt on the field; only 20 - 50% of rice husk is used for pellet or energy purposes; a few sugar-cane factories apply bagasse feeding to steam cookers, and a small quantity of corn straw is used as livestock feeding. If this biomass source is used for electricity generation, in theory, for the period of 2006 - 2020, it is estimated that this source can potentially generate 1203 million MWh/year from rice straw, 236 million MWh/year from rice husk, 45 million MWh/year from bagasse, and 40 million MWh/year from corn straw. Electricity generation of biomass source will not only solve the problem of environmental pollution caused by agricultural waste but also meet increasing energy demands for socio-economic development in this region. Hàng năm lượng chất thải phát sinh từ một số loại hình canh tác nông nghiệp chính ở ĐBSCL rất lớn. Chỉ tính riêng năm 2016 ghi nhận thải ra khoảng 26,86 triệu tấn rơm rạ; 5,37 triệu tấn vỏ trấu; 1,33 triệu tấn bã mía và 0,59 triệu tấn thân cây bắp. Lượng chất thải phát sinh lớn nhưng các biện pháp sử dụng những nguồn sinh khối này chưa đa dạng, rơm rạ phần lớn được người dân đốt trực tiếp ngay trên đồng ruộng chiếm 54,1 - 98,0% lượng rơm rạ thải ra; chỉ có khoảng 20 - 50% lượng vỏ trấu được sử dụng; bã mía chỉ được một số nhà máy sử dụng để đốt cho lò hơi; một lượng nhỏ thân cây bắp được người dân sử dụng cho chăn nuôi. Nếu có thể tận dụng các nguồn sinh khối này để sản xuất điện thì tiềm năng lý thuyết ước tính từ năm 2005 đến 2020 của rơm rạ là 1203 triệu MWh/năm; vỏ trấu là 236 triệu MWh/năm; bã mía là 45 triệu MWh/năm; và thân cây bắp là 40 triệu MWh/năm. Sản xuất điện từ các nguồn sinh khối này không chỉ giải quyết lượng phế phẩm nông nghiệp phát sinh, giảm thiểu ô nhiễm môi trường mà còn có thể tạo ra nguồn điện cung cấp cho nhu cầu phát triển của vùng.

Empirical Equilibrium Study on Rice Husk and Eggshells as Low Cost Bioadsorbent for the Methylene Blue Removal

2014 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 221-226
Author(s):  
Nurul Hanim Razak ◽  
Md. Razali Ayob ◽  
M.A.M. Zainin ◽  
M.Z. Hilwa
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Equilibrium Study ◽  
Porosity Characterization

Eggshells and rice husk, two types of notable agricultural waste were used as bioadsorbent to remove Methylene Blue dye (MBD) in aqueous solution. This study was to investigate the performance of these two bioadsorbents in removing MBD. The removal percentage, adsorption capacity, and porosity characterization were examined. The method applied was a physical filtration. UV-VIS Spectrophotometer was used to determine the efficiency of the bioadsorbents in MBD adsorption. The highest removal percentage at the most concentrated MBD were 51% and 98% for eggshells and rice husks respectively. Meanwhile the characterization of rice husks pore size and volume proves that higher adsorptivity towards dye compares to eggshells porosity. It was concluded that the eggshells and rice husks bioadsorbents was successful to treat industrial textile wastewater with rice husks as the most efficient bioadsorbent in removing MBD.

A Study on Absorption Coefficient of Sustainable Acoustic Panels from Rice Husks and Sugarcane Baggase

2015 ◽  
Vol 1113 ◽  
pp. 198-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farrah Zuhaira Ismail ◽  
Mohamad Nidzam Rahmat ◽  
Norishahaini M. Ishak
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Sound Absorption ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Porosity Level ◽  
Agriculture Waste ◽  
Single Piece ◽  
Sound Reduction

Noise has detrimental effects on human lives and it is a nuisance to the environment. As many of the available sound reduction materials in the current market are hazardous, there are demands for alternative sustainable materials to reduce the noise problem. Therefore, the aim of this research is to study the potential of using an agricultural waste as sound absorption panel. For the purpose of this study, the combination of two materials was under studied; rice husks and sugarcane baggase. There were two main objective of the research; first is to develop absorption panels from the combination of rice husks and sugarcane baggase at different percentage of mixture. Second objective is to identify the absorption rate of the panels. The study encompasses the fabrication of the sustainable sound panels using the rice husk and sugarcane fibre and bond using Phenol formaldehyde (PF). Five panels of sized 12 inch x 12 inch and 12 mm thick were fabricated. The absorption coefficient of the samples was done at the acoustic lab, Faculty of Engineering & Build Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi. The panels were tested using an impedance tube. The procedure of the test was carried out in accordance with ISO 10534-2:1998 standards. Based on the results, sample 1 gave the highest absorption coefficient compared to sample 2, 3, 4 and 5. It can be concluded that the acoustic panel made from a mixture of 100% rice husks had higher absorption co-efficient compared to the performance of the other samples given the fact that the characteristic of the rice husks which has air gap in every single piece of rice husk. The spongy properties of the sample 1 panel has created many void spaces which encouraged more sound absorption capability due to the porous surface of the panel. Sound absorption is very much affected by the availability of porosity level of the panel. Thus, further studies on other potential materials from waste should be conducted.Keywords. Noise, Agriculture waste, sound, absorption panels, absorption co-efficient

scholarly journals Karakterisasi Bionanofiller Dari Limbah Padi Sebagai Alternatif Penguatan Pada Polimer Komposit

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eryani . ◽  
Sri Aprilia ◽  
Farid Mulana
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Mechanical Properties Characterization

<p>Agricultural waste such as rice straw, rice husk and rice husk ash have not been utilized properly. This waste of agricultural produce can actually be used as an alternative to bionanofiller because it contains an excellent source of silica. The silica content contained in the rice waste when combined with the polymer matrix can produce composites having high thermal and mechanical properties. Characterization of bionanofiller from this rice waste is done by SEM, XRF, FTIR, XRD and particle density. The result of SEM analysis from this rice waste is feasible to be used as filler because it has size 1 μm. Likewise with the results of XRF analysis that rice waste contains a high enough silica component that is 80.6255% - 89.83%. FTIR test results also show that bionanoparticles from rice waste have the same content of silica. In the XRD analysis the best selective gain of rice waste is found in rice husk ash which is characteristic of amorp silica at a range of 2ϴ = 22<br />. The largest density analysis of paddy waste was found in rice husk 0.0419 gr / cm , followed by rice straw by of 0.0417 gr / cm 3 and rice hulk ash 0.0407 g / cm 3</p>

scholarly journals PENYISIHAN ION LOGAM MERKURI (Hg2+) MENGGUNAKAN ADSORBEN BERBAHAN BAKU LIMBAH PERTANIAN DAN GULMA TANAMAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miftahurrahmah ◽  
Suhendrayatna ◽  
Muhammad Zaki
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Water Phase ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Random Surface ◽  
Phase Water ◽  
Short Time

This research was conducted to prepare adsorbents from agricultural and weeds waste biomass to remove Hg2+ metal ions from water phase. Water hyacinth biomass (agricultural waste) and rice husk (weed) was cleaned, dried in an oven dryer, and carbonized in a furnace at 500oC for 2 hours. Then, dried carbon was milled to get 100 mesh of size and was followed by activation using 0.5 N NaOH. The adsorption process was conducted by mix 1 gram of activated adsorbent on a 100 ml water containing 3 ppm Hg2+ metal ions at 100 rpm, pH 5, and 30oC. Hg2+ concentration in water phase were analyzed using AAS, Shimadzu AA-6300 for a specified time within a period of 20-100 minutes. This study shows that at the beginning process of adsorption, adsorbent from rice husk has ability to decrease 69.91% concentration of Hg2+ for 20 minutes, while adsorbent from water hyacinth reaches to 94.26%. The characterization results of FTIR spectra and SEM shows that adsorbent from water hyacinth was able to absorb more Hg2+ metal ions in a short time because it has a functional group that was able to bind heavy metals, and also has a random surface structure, compared with the adsorbent from rice husks that has less functional groups with uniform morphology structure

scholarly journals The Utilization Of Some Of Biochar To Retain N-Total In Inceptisols

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-381
Author(s):  
Ulfa Heryani ◽  
Benny Hidayat ◽  
Mukhlis
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Husk Rice ◽  
Ground Loss

Nitrogen is very important nutrient growth of plant but eassy lost from soil. The aim of this researc to get the best biochar feedstock in maintaining N-total in the Inceptisol soil. Theresearch was carried out in the laboratory using the method of experiment. This research was carried out with complete randomized design non factorial with the treatment without biochar (controls), and 4 types of biochar from palm empty fruit bunches, rice straw, rice husks and wood, is repeated four times. The observed parameters are pH H2O,CEC, & N-total ground. The results showed that the four types of biochar can increase the pH H2O, CEC, N-total ground. Loss of Nutrient N decreased significantly due to the granting of biochar palm empty fruit bunches. Absorption capacity of biochar to reduce leaching of N in the soil of inseptisol sorted from largest to smallest is biochar palm empty fruit bunches, rice husk, rice straw and wood.

scholarly journals Characterization Nanofillers from Agriculture Waste for Polymer Nanocomposites Reinforcement

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 05020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastian Arifin ◽  
Sri Aprilia ◽  
Pocut Nurul Alam ◽  
Farid Mulana ◽  
Amri Amin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Nanocomposites ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Agriculture Waste ◽  
Packaging Industry ◽  
Rice Husks Ash

The current development of the packaging industry is increasing as well as the dependence of non-renewable oil-based materials encouraging researchers to look for alternative polymeric strengthening materials from biomass. Especially used from agricultural waste because it is cheap and widely available in nature and it can be renewed. In this study, agriculture waste used were rice husk and rice husks ash that prepared as organic nanofillers for the development of polymer nanocomposites. XRF analysis showed that rice husk ash has the highest silica (SiO2) content of 89. 835%, while rice husk has SiO2 contents of 82.540%. From XRD analysis on 2 theta there is a crystalline silica region at 22° and this analysis shows the sample is amorphous. FTIR analysis showed Si-H at peak 2339 cm−1 in rice husk and 2129 cm−1 for rice husk ash.

scholarly journals Review: Agricultural Wastes as a Source of Silica Material

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Novie Permatasari ◽  
Transmissia Noviska Sucahya ◽  
Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Agricultural Wastes ◽  
Corn Cobs ◽  
Silica Material ◽  
Husk Rice

Silica is the most abundant components in the earth's crust and is made by way of synthesis for use in the application of technology. Silica are generally found commercially as alkoxysilane compounds (i.e such as tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), sodium silicate, and tetramethylorthosilicat). However, these compounds can have a negative impact on health. Thus, further approaches to find the source of silica that is safer, cheaper, and more environmentally friendly is inevitable. However, not all summary journals are thoroughly discussed the silica sources. Further, method of isolation and application of the silica from agricultural waste is limited. This paper reported studied several sources of silica derived from agricultural waste, such as rice husk, rice straw, corn cobs, and bagasse. In addition, this paper discussed also about the method of isolation of silica from agricultural waste, and its application as a catalyst.

scholarly journals Petroleum Sorption by Thermally Treated Rice Husks Derived from Agricultural Byproducts

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.K. Kudaybergenov ◽  
E.K. Ongarbayev ◽  
Z.A. Mansurov
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Sorbent Material ◽  
Agricultural Byproducts ◽  
Thermally Treated

Agricultural byproducts or residues are widely produced in Kazakhstan and their utilization as a sorbent material for petroleum spill can be developed as low cost, high tech environmental technology. Rice husk, an agricultural waste, was used as petroleum sorbent material. The present study examines the sorption capacity of thermally treated rice husk for different petroleum products. Results showed that the petroleum sorption capacity of this material prepared at 700 ºC was 15 g/g for heavy crude petroleum. The material obtained by thermal treatment of rice husk has very good buoyancy characteristics, high petroleum sorption capacity and high hydrophobicity. The effects of heating temperature, contact time and petroleum density on the petroleum sorption capacity of thermally treated rice husks were further studied on the basis of phase composition, microstructure and morphology using X-ray diffraction analysis, FTIR spectrometry, optical digital microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results of the SEM and optical microscopy studies strongly indicate that thermal treatment is a suitable method to improve structure of husk particles regarding porosity compared to virgin samples. The research provides the basis for development of a new environmental material with optimal characteristics, providing efficient sorption of petroleum and petroleum products from aqueous medium.

scholarly journals Efek Penambahan Sekam Padi Pada Berbagai Media Tanam Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Jamur Tiram Putih (Pleurotus ostreotus)

Jurnal Agrium ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
A G Rosnina ◽  
Zurrahmi Wirda ◽  
Agus Aminullah
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Oyster Mushroom ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Body Diameter ◽  
Banana Leaf

The purpose of this research is observe the effect of rice husk addition on various growing media on its growth and yield of white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). This research used Complete Random Design (CRD) Factorial consisting of 2 factors with 3 replications. The first factor is the various media planting (M). Media of sawdust sengon (M1); Rice straw; M2 and dried banana leaf (M3). The second factor is the supply of rice husks consisting of. Without the provision of rice husk (P0); Provision of 10% rice husk (P1); Provision of rice husk 20% (P2). The best planting medium was found in the treatment of sawdust wood media sengon (M1). Besides, the addition of rice husk concentration has significant effect on all observation parameters. The best result was found in 20% rice husk. The interaction between treatment of planting media and rice husk giving significant effect on first harvest, the body diameter of fruit of first harvest and body diameter of fruit of second harvest

Coating Mortar Using Rice Husk Ash as Binding

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 1502-1507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabelle Marie Trindade Bezerra ◽  
Suélen Silva Figueiredo ◽  
João Batista Queiroz de Carvalho ◽  
Gelmires Araújo Neves ◽  
Jozilene de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Environmental Cost ◽  
Rice Husks

The use of agricultural waste has become a necessity due to the high environmental cost derived from its improper disposal in nature. In this scenario, rice husks, as well as the ash produced by burning, became worrying in certain regions of the country due to the large volume produced annually [.

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