scholarly journals Correlation between urinary albumin to creatinine ratio and systemic glycocalyx degradation in pediatric sepsis

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rina A.C. Saragih ◽  
Antonius H. Pudjiadi ◽  
Taralan Tambunan ◽  
Hindra I. Satari ◽  
Diana Aulia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Urinary Albumin ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Pediatric Sepsis

Background: Increased capillary permeability in sepsis is associated with several complications and worse outcomes. Glycocalyx degradation, marked by increased serum syndecan-1 levels, alters vascular permeability, which can manifest as albuminuria in the glomerulus. Therefore, elevated urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) potentially provides an index of systemic glycocalyx degradation. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between urinary ACR and serum syndecan-1 levels.Methods: A longitudinal prospective study with repeated cross-sectional design was conducted on children with sepsis in pediatric intensive care unit, we evaluated serum syndecan-1 levels and urinary ACR on days 1, 2, 3, and 7. A descriptive study on healthy children was also conducted to determine the reference value of syndecan-1 in children.Results: 49 subjects with sepsis were recruited. Based on the data of the healthy children group (n=30), syndecan-1 level of >90th percentile (41.42 ng/mL) was defined as systemic glycocalyx degradation. The correlation coefficients (r) between urinary ACR and syndecan-1 levels were 0.32 (p<0.001) from all examination days (162 specimens), 0.298 (p=0.038) on day 1, and 0.469 (p=0.002) on day 3. The area under the curve of urinary ACR and systemic glycocalyx degradation was 65.7% (95% CI 54.5%–77%; p=0.012). Urinary ACR ≥157.5 mg/g was determined as the cut-off point for glycocalyx degradation, with a sensitivity of 77.4% and a specificity of 48%.Conclusion: Urinary ACR showed a weak correlation with systemic glycocalyx degradation, indicating that the pathophysiology of elevated urinary ACR in sepsis is not merely related to glycocalyx degradation.

scholarly journals Association between obesity and urinary albumin-creatinine ratio in the middle-aged and elderly population of Southern and Northern China: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e040214
Author(s):  
Shan Qin ◽  
Anping Wang ◽  
Shi Gu ◽  
Weiqing Wang ◽  
Zhengnan Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urinary Albumin ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
The South ◽  
Northern Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Albumin Creatinine Ratio

ObjectiveThe relationship between obesity and albuminuria has not been clarified. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between obesity and the urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) in Southern and Northern China.DesignA descriptive, cross-sectional study.SettingEight regional centres in REACTION (China’s Risk Evaluation of cAncers in Chinese diabeTic Individuals, a lONgitudinal study), including Dalian, Lanzhou, Zhengzhou, Guangzhou, Guangxi, Luzhou, Shanghai and Wuhan.ParticipantsA total of 41 085 patients who were not diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and had good compliance were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Patients who were diagnosed with CKD, who had other kidney diseases that could lead to increased urinary protein excretion, who were using angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers and whose important data were missing were excluded.ResultsParticipants with both, central and peripheral obesity, had a higher risk of elevated UACR, even after adjusting for multiple factors (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.12, p<0.001), and the risk of high UACR in the South was more prominent than that in the North (OR South: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.34; OR North: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.22, p<0.001). The risk was also elevated in the male population, hypertensive individuals, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c)≥6.5% and age ≥60 years in the South. Besides the above groups, diabetes was also a risk factor for the Northern population.ConclusionsIn China, people with both central and peripheral obesity are prone to a high UACR, and the southern population has a higher risk than northern population. Factors such as male sex, hypertension, HbA1c≥6.5% and an age ≥60 years are also risk factors for CKD.

scholarly journals METS-IR, a novel score to evaluate insulin sensitivity, is associated with the urinary albumin–creatinine ratio in Chinese adults: A cross-sectional REACTION study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanlu Su ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Songyan Yu ◽  
Kang Chen ◽  
Wenhua Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Urinary Albumin ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Discriminative Ability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Albumin Creatinine Ratio

Abstract BackgroundThe metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) is a novel noninsulin-based metabolic index used as a substitution marker of insulin resistance. However, whether METS-IR is associated with the urinary albumin–creatinine ratio (UACR) is not well known. Therefore, we explored the associations between METS-IR and UACR and compared the discriminative ability of METS-IR and its components for elevated UACR. MethodsThis study included 37,290 subjects. METS-IR was calculated as follows: (Ln [2 × fasting blood glucose (FBG) + fasting triglyceride level (TG 0 )] × body mass index (BMI))/[Ln (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C))]. Participants were divided into four groups on the basis of METS-IR: <25%, 25%–49%, 50%–74%, and ≥75%. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the associations between METS-IR vs. its components (FBG, TG 0 , BMI, and HDL-C) with UACR. ResultsParticipants with the highest quartile METS-IR presented a more significant trend towards elevated UACR than towards its components (odds ratio [OR]: 1.260, 95% CI: 1.152–1.378, P < 0.001 in all subjects; OR: 1.321, 95% CI: 1.104–1.579, P = 0.002 in men; OR: 1.201, 95% CI: 1.083–1.330, P < 0.001 in women). There were significant associations between METS-IR and UACR in younger participants (<65 years for women and 55–64 years for men). Increased METS-IR was significantly associated with UACR in men with FBG ≥ 5.6 mmol/L or postprandial blood glucose ≥ 7.8 mmol/L and systolic blood pressure ≥ 120 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 80 mmHg. The relationships were significant in women with diabetes and hypertension.ConclusionsIncreased METS-IR was significantly associated with elevated UACR, and its discriminative power for elevated UACR was superior to that of its components. This findings support the clinical significance of METS-IR for evaluating renal function damage.

scholarly journals Determining an Upper Reference Value for the Urinary Fluoride-Creatinine Ratio in Healthy Children Younger than 7 Years

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Vida Zohoori ◽  
A. Maguire
Keyword(s):  
Urine Sample ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Spot Urine Sample ◽  
Urinary Fluoride

The urinary fluoride/creatinine ratio (UF/Cr) in a spot urine sample could be a useful systemic F exposure monitoring tool. No reference value for UF/Cr currently exists, therefore this study aimed to establish an upper reference value for a UF/Cr, corresponding to excessive systemic F exposure, i.e., >0.07 mg F/kg body weight (b.w.)/day, in children. Subsidiary aims were to examine the relationship between (i) total daily F intake (TDFI) and 24-h urinary F excretion (DUFE); (ii) DUFE and UF/Cr, and (iii) TDFI and UF/Cr. Simultaneously collected TDFI, DUFE, and urinary creatinine (UCr) data in children <7 years were taken from UK studies conducted from 2002 to 2014 in order to calculate UF/Cr (mg/g) for each child. For the 158 children (mean age 5.8 years) included in the data analysis, mean TDFI and DUFE were 0.049 (SD 0.033) and 0.016 (SD 0.008) mg/kg b.w./day, respectively, and the mean UF/Cr was 1.21 (SD 0.61) mg/g. Significant (p < 0.001) positive linear correlations were found between TDFI and DUFE, DUFE and UF/Cr, and TDFI and UF/Cr. The estimated upper reference value for UF/Cr was 1.69 mg/g; this was significantly (p = 0.019) higher than the UF/Cr (1.29) associated with optimal F exposure (0.05-0.07 mg/kg b.w./day). In conclusion, the strong positive correlation between TDFI and UF/Cr confirms the strong association of these 2 F exposure variables and the value of a spot urine sample for prediction of TDFI (i.e., the most important risk factor in determining fluorosis occurrence and severity) in young children. Establishing an estimation of an upper reference value of 1.69 mg/g for UF/Cr in spot urine samples could simplify and facilitate their use as a valuable tool in large epidemiological studies.

Determination of CD4+ T- Lymphocytes in Healthy Children of Kathmandu

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-329
Author(s):  
Sapana Karn ◽  
Manjula Bhattarai ◽  
Ramanuj Rauniyar ◽  
Anurag Adhikari ◽  
Pratik Karna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

Background: The cluster differentiation (CD) of T-cell is the good marker for the immunological competence study. Nepal does not have a reference value for CD4+ T cell count and percentage for children, which severely limits the prospect of pediatric prognosis.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Kathmandu valley where total 207 children of age 0-14 year age group were recruited in this study. We analyzed 50 cord blood and 157 peripheral blood samples in order to calculate the absolute count of CD4+ T lymphocyte using Fluorescence-activated cell sorting methodology.Results: The reference range for absolute CD4+ T cell count was found to be 634-4040 cells/µL (mean1470; median: 1335 and 95% CI [1322-1617]) for male children and 491-2922 cells/µL (mean: 1443 median: 1326 and 95% CI [1298-1588]) for the female children. We also observed elevated CD4 to the CD3 ratio in younger children (0.67 from cord blood Vs 0.53 from 10-14yr) compared to older ones.Conclusions: The observed CD4+ T cell counts among healthy children of Kathmandu highlights the gender differences skewed for male as well the need of defining specific reference values for other lymphocyte subsets as well in a country like Nepal which has a population with diverse genetic and socio-cultural parameters.

scholarly journals Study of the Predictive Validity of the Burnout Granada Questionnaire in Police Officers

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia I. De La Fuente-Solana ◽  
Elena Ortega-Campos ◽  
Keyla Vargas-Roman ◽  
Gustavo R. Cañadas-De la Fuente ◽  
Tania Ariza C. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Support

Professionals with burnout have negative physical and psychological effects, with adverse consequences in their workplace. Burnout mainly affects assisting professions; amongst them, police work is one of the professions at risk of suffering from this syndrome. The aim of this research is to study the adequacy of the Maslach Burnout Inventory and Granada Burnout Questionnaire instruments to measure burnout in police officers through the study of the reliability and validity (concurrent and predictive) of these instruments. A cross-sectional study was carried out. The sample was composed of 1884 police officers, mostly men (85.4%), with an average age of 35.04 (SD = 8.30). The Maslach Burnout Inventory and Granada Burnout Questionnaire were used to measure burnout. The results obtained in this study support the adequacy of both instruments for measuring burnout. The correlation coefficients between the dimensions are significant, with a medium-high magnitude. Participants with burnout had significantly higher scores in emotional exhaustion and depersonalization and lower scores in personal accomplishment in both instruments. The area under the curve estimated for the Granada Burnout Questionnaire provided evidence of the predictive validity of the instrument. The police profession needs validated and sensitive tools to identify police changes in the dimensions of burnout. The Granada Burnout Questionnaire instrument correctly classifies burnout in police professionals.

scholarly journals Weight and Body Image Perceptions in Nutrition and Dietetics University Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-75
Author(s):  
Lisa Herzig ◽  
Jamie Levitt ◽  
Kaitlynn Watson ◽  
Gretchen L. George
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Body Appreciation ◽  
Registered Dietitian ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fat Phobia ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Registered Dietitian Nutritionists ◽  
Prejudicial Attitudes ◽  
Nutrition And Dietetics

Stereotypical and prejudicial attitudes towards people considered overweight or obese are documented in professionals ranging from physicians, nurses, fitness and general nutrition professionals, and registered dietitian nutritionists (RDN) and may introduce barriers to equitable care. To identify the prevalence of anti-fat attitudes (AFA); fat phobia (FPS); and body appreciation scores (BA) in nutrition and dietetics’ students (ND) and non-nutrition and dietetics’ students (NND) through a cross-sectional design. During 2018, students (n=297) from two California State Universities completed a survey including three validated instruments. Additionally, height, weight, and waist circumference were collected using NHANES procedures. A series of ANCOVA’s and correlation coefficients were computed. Significant differences existed in BA between ND (M=3.61, SD=0.66) and NND students (M=3.81, SD=0.70); t(288) = 2.49, p=0.013. Scores indicated existing anti-fat attitudes and fat phobia. Significant positive correlations existed between FPS and anthropometrics. Weight related perceptions were identified. A need exists for a fundamental evidence-based training specifically focused on knowledge and awareness related to health metrics and social justice pedagogy to help RDN work unbiasedly with patients of all shapes.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PERBEDAAN JUMLAH NEUTROFIL ANTARA ANAK DOWN SYNDROME DAN ANAK SEHAT - Studi Pada SLB-C Widya Bhakti Semarang dan Mi Mirfa’ul Ulum

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Riezqia Ayu Wulandari ◽  
Sandy Christiono ◽  
Niluh Ringga
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Chromosome 21 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome ◽  
Periodontal Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Background: Down syndrome (DS) is a congenital disorder caused by abnormalities of chromosome 21, resulting in migration defect of neutrophils, specifically in GCF as a marker of increasing periodontal infection. This study aimed to analyze the difference in neutrophil numbers between down syndrome and healthy children.Method: This research was an analytic observational with cross sectional design, and divided into two groups. The control group is consisted of healthy children and the other is consisted of down syndrome children. GCF was taken using paper point number 45-50 for 30 seconds, then it smeared into object glass and painted with giemsa staining. Observations was done by light microscopy with 1000 times magnification.Result: The result of studies with p<0.05 was indicating a significant difference of neutrophil numbers between children with down syndrome and the healthy group.Conclusion: This study concluded that there was a difference in neutrophil numbers due to the migration defect of neutrophils in children with down syndrome, that can cause proneness to periodontal infections.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Urinary Albumin to Creatinine Ratio as a Predictor of Cardiovascular Disease in Metabolic Syndrome Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahid Iqbal ◽  
Anju Mittal ◽  
Sudeep Kumar ◽  
Sumesh Prasad Sah ◽  
Imran Mustafa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urinary Albumin ◽  
P Value ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urine Albumin

Introduction: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a condition that increases the risk of cardiac disease, diabetes, hypertension and may be associated with microalbuminuria. Aim: To investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and to determine albumin to creatinine ratio as a predictor of cardiovascular disease in metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital based cross-sectional study conducted from February 2019 to January 2020 in the Department of Biochemistry and Outpatient Department of Muzaffarnagar Medical College, Muzaffarnagar, Uttar Pradesh. Out of enrolled 795 subjects, 452 were male and 343 were female. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was calculated on the basis of metabolic syndrome criteria. Anthropometric parameters like age, weight, height, blood pressure and the biochemical parameters including fasting blood sugar, triglyceride, Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP), urinary albumin, serum creatinine and urinary Albumin to Creatinine Ratio were measured in study population. SPSS version 16 was used for statistical analysis and student independent sample t-test was used for comparing differences amongst the variables. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Out of 795 subjects, 152 patients (19.12%) were hypertensive, 85 patients (10.69%) were diabetic and 29 patients (3.65%) were hypertensive with diabetic. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was around 18.11% (144 subjects), out of which 52.78% were female and 47.22% were male. Out of 144 Metabolic Syndrome subjects, 23 subjects were diabetic, 32 were hypertensive, 14 were diabetic with hypertensive and 75 were others. The mean levels of urinary albumin creatinine ratio were increased significantly in metabolic syndrome subjects and the increase in urine Albumin to Creatinine Ratio (uACR) was more in metabolic syndrome subjects having Diabetes and Hypertension both. Conclusion: The present study concluded that the microalbuminuria is associated with metabolic syndrome. The microalbuminuria was found to be more significant in metabolic syndrome subjects who were diabetic with hypertensive as compared to diabetic or hypertensive alone.

scholarly journals Poor diagnostic values of stool analysis and steatocrit test in detecting exocrine pancreatic insufficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-61
Author(s):  
Ariani Dewi Widodo ◽  
Ina Susianti Timan ◽  
Saptawati Bardosono ◽  
Minarma Siagian ◽  
Widdy Winarta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Diagnostic Values ◽  
Stool Analysis

BACKGROUND Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is one of the most challenging cases to be diagnosed accurately in Indonesia because of the unavailability of the fecal elastase-1 (FE-1) test, which is the primary indirect diagnostic tool till date. Stool analysis and steatocrit test are feasible alternatives as they can detect nutrient malabsorption, a consistent feature in EPI. Despite the common practice of using both tests, no study has ever been conducted in Indonesia to evaluate their accuracy. METHODS This cross-sectional diagnostic study was conducted in 182 children aged 6–60 months. Study subjects were divided into children with persistent diarrhea (PD), those with malnutrition, and healthy children. Children with PD and malnutrition were selected on the basis of clinical criteria and the WHO z-score. FE-1 test was used as the gold standard to detect EPI. Primary endpoints of this study were sensitivity and specificity of the stool analysis and the steatocrit test. The accuracy of both tests, represented by area under the curve (AUC) values, was also evaluated individually and in combination. RESULTS Each component of stool analysis and steatocrit test in each subgroup of patients generally had higher specificity than sensitivity. The specificity of both tests among healthy and malnourished children was good (≥70%), but among children with PD, the specificity of some components was <70%. The individual and combined AUC values of both tests in each subgroup of subjects were poor (<0.7). CONCLUSIONS Stool analysis and steatocrit test cannot be used as alternative methods for FE-1 to detect EPI.

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