scholarly journals Quantifying the Economic Development Dynamics of a Country Based on the Lorenz Curve

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Romualdas Ginevičius ◽  
Joanicjusz Nazarko ◽  
Dainora Gedvilaitė ◽  
Zdzisława Dacko-Pikiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Lorenz Curve ◽  
Essential Feature ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
The Lorenz Curve ◽  
The Impact

The welfare of a country depends on its economic development. In order to have the impact on it, we should have a possibility to quantitatively assess its situation at the desired point in time. Economic development, as a multifaceted and complex phenomenon, is reflected in two dimensions – intensity and uniformity. These mentioned above can be viewed as partial indicators of dynamics. Two main approaches to measuring development uniformity can be distinguished. In one of the cases, it is measured on the basis of an index that includes the main results of the country's economic development. In the other case, the values of the indicators reflecting all the essential development actions are combined in one appropriate way. From a scientific point of view, the second approach is more accurate as it allows for a better assessment of the complex nature of a country’s economic development. On the other hand, its application today is still problematic due to the fact that the models for this differ in terms of both the number and composition of indicators. For this reason, it is not possible to compare countries. Therefore, in international practice, the economic development of countries is measured by gross domestic product per capita (GDP). Based on GDP indicator, the method for the measurement of uniformity is proposed and the essence of which is the ratio of the length of the ideal trajectory of the development during the period under review to the length of the actual trajectory. Without ruling out the appropriateness of such an approach for assessing development uniformity, it makes sense to look for alternative methods. In this sense, methods that allow assessment of the extent of fluctuations of the phenomenon under consideration as an essential feature of development dynamics are suitable. These include the Gini coefficient, which is determined from the Lorenz curve.

Wacana Kolonial dalam Novel Max Havelaar: Sebuah Kajian Poskolonial

Metahumaniora ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
Abu Bakar Ramadhan Muhamad
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Colonial Discourse ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Voice

AbstrakHegemoni kolonialisme dalam budaya poskolonial merupakan alasan penelitian inikemudian mengkaji wacana kolonial dalam novel Max Havellar (MH) khususnya dampakditimbulkannya. Dampak dimaksud adalah posisi keberpihakan pemikiran tersirat darikarya tersebut. Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan, secara temporal maupun permanen MHmenyuarakan ketidakadilan dalam kondisi-kondisi kolonial menyangkut penindasan sangpenjajah terhadap terjajah. Hanya saja, upaya mengatasnamakan atau mewakili suarakaum terjajah terbukti mengimplikasikan ciri ideologis statis kerangka kolonialisme(orientalisme); yakni cara pandang Eropasentris, di mana “Barat” sebagai self adalah superior,dan “Timur” sebagai other adalah inferior. Dalam konteks poskolonialisme, MH dengan sifatkritisnya yang berupaya “menyuarakan” nasib pribumi terjajah, justru menampilkan stigmapenguatan kolonialitas itu sendiri secara hegemonik. Artinya, “menyuarakan” nasib pribumidimaknai sebagai keberpihankan kolonial yang kontradiktif, di mana stigma penguatankolonialitas justru lebih terasa, ujung-ujungnya melanggengkan hegemoni kolonial. Tidakmembela yang terjajah, tetapi memperhalus cara kerja mesin kolonial.AbstractThe hegemony of colonialism in the culture of postcolonial society is the reason this studythen examines the colonial discourse in the novel Max Havellar (MH) in particular the impactit brings. The impact in question is the implied position of thought in the work. The resultsof the discussion show that, temporarily or permanently, MH voiced injustice in the colonialconditions regarding the oppression of the colonist against the colonized. However, the effort toname or represent the voice of the colonized has proven to imply a static ideological characterin the framework of colonialism (orientalism); ie Eropacentric point of view, in which “West” asself is superior, and “East” as the other is the inferior. In the context of postcolonialism, MH withits critical nature that seeks to “voice” the fate of the colonized natives, actually presents thestigma of strengthening coloniality itself hegemonicly. That is, “voicing” the fate of the pribumiis interpreted as a contradictory colonial flare, where the stigma of strengthening colonialityis more pronounced, which ultimately perpetuates the hegemony of colonialism. No longerdefending the colonized, but refining the workings of the colonial machinery.

Environmental Scanning for Organisational Effectiveness: A Study of Select MSMEs of Jammu and Kashmir, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinay Chauhan ◽  
Sushma Kaushal
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Effectiveness ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Environmental Scanning ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
The Impact

Environmental scanning yields greater anticipatory management that provides important inputs for aquitision and use of information for planning and designing organization strategies. Apart from this, effective environmental scanning activities are likely to deal with threats and grasp the opportunities to finally link with enhancing organizational effectiveness. In fact this relationship matrix has led the researchers to conduct an environmental scanning through an examination of the existing status the components of the macro-environment vis-a-vis their relationship with the organizational effectiveness. There are a number of approaches, which describe the macro-environment, of which PEST analysis is regarded as the most common approach for considering the external business environment. Thus, the present study applies PEST analysis to scan the existing business environment. Jammu and Kashmir due to its peculiar political, geographical, economic, and socio-cultural features, had led its cost mountain economy become a distinctive identity. Despite the fact that the state has rich endowments, international relations with its neighbours vis-a-vis its impact on political environment also pose developmental challenges for the business units operating in the state. This has provided valid rationale for conducting the present. The environmental scanning is done through the perception of the select entrepreneurs operating MSMEs in the state of J & K. An impact analysis of environmental factors (PEST) on the organizational effectiveness is also done in the study. The findings of the study show that the political environment of the state that is not favourable for entrepreneural development whereas the rest of the other drivers of PEST i.e. economic environment, socio-cultural environment, and technological environment show a favourable response of the entrepreneurs. In terms of cause and effect relationship, it is found that the first two drivers of the PEST i.e. political and economic dimension impacts OE positively whereas the other two dimensions namely socio-cultural and technological impacts OE negatively but it is pertinent to mention that the impact is very less and is insigninificant. The study also suggests some of strategic options for developing and creating an enabling environment for successful entrepreneurial development to achieve integrated development of the state.

scholarly journals Influence of Masks Protecting against SARS-CoV-2 on Thermal Comfort

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3315
Author(s):  
Ewa Zender-Świercz ◽  
Marek Telejko ◽  
Beata Galiszewska
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Thermal Manikin ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Protective Shield ◽  
Full Face ◽  
The Impact

Due to the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, most countries have tightened their public health policies. One way to limit the spread of the virus is to make mouth and nose cover compulsory in public spaces. The article presents the impact of wearing masks on the perception of thermal comfort. The following masks were analysed: FFP2, cotton, medical, PM2.5, half-face protective shield plastic and full-face protective shield plastic. The research was carried out for two scenarios of an ambient temperature: −20 and 30 °C. A thermal manikin was used for the tests. In the case of when a temperature equals 20 °C, the dry masks increase comfort, both general and local, while wet masks reduce comfort. On the other hand, at 30 °C, only wet masks do not increase discomfort. In addition, moist masks require less heat flux to achieve a certain skin temperature. However, it should be remembered that it is not advisable to wet the masks from the health point of view.

Is the USSR dead? Experience from the financial and economic crisis of 2008–2009

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail Golovnin ◽  
Alexander Libman ◽  
Daria Ushkalova ◽  
Alexandra Yakusheva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Former Soviet Republics ◽  
Economic Linkages

The paper examines the economic linkages between the post-Soviet states from the point of view of the financial and economic crisis of 2008–2009. It aims to find out whether the interdependence between the countries of the former Soviet Union is still large enough that crises in individual countries affect the economic development in the neighboring states, and assesses the impact of the crisis itself on the linkages between the former Soviet republics. The evidence is mixed: while some channels of interdependence deteriorated over the last decade, others became more important, and some were even strengthened by the crisis itself.

scholarly journals SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS AND INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madara Apsalone ◽  
Ērika Šumilo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
External Environment ◽  
International Competitiveness ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Open Economies ◽  
Performance Orientation ◽  
Innovation Capacity ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Socio-cultural factors – shared values, norms and attitudes are significant, but less acknowledged sources of international competitiveness. Previous studies have found socio-cultural factors positively affecting various aspects of international competitiveness – entrepreneurship, innovation, productivity and international cooperation. These factors are more sustainable and less affected by external environment changes in comparison with the traditional factors. Socio-cultural factors provide an opportunity to develop competitiveness strategies based on unique advantages. This research aims to explore the impact of socio-cultural factors on international competiveness in small, open economies. Analysing relationship between 400 socio-cultural indicators and competitiveness indicators such as productivity, economic development, business and government efficiency, innovation capacity and infrastructure in 37 countries, six socio-cultural factors have emerged: Collectivism and Hierarchy; Future, Cooperation and Performance Orientation, Self-expression, Monochronism and Rationality, Economic Orientation and Social structure. The first factor – Collectivism and Hierarchy – tends to reduce the international competitiveness; the other five affect it positively.

Tourism research on island destinations: a review

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Parra-López ◽  
José Alberto Martínez-González
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Areas Of Interest

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to synthesize the published works about tourism in the island. Island destinations, especially smaller ones, suffer the negative effects of tourism more than other destinations. This is because of the characteristics of island destinations and the negative impacts arising from their inadequate management by different stakeholders. For these reasons, and conversely because tourism favors the social and economic development of islands, there has been a great deal of research published on insular tourism in the literature at a global level. Despite the number of studies carried out from different approaches, none have synthesized this scientific production. Thus, the main contribution of this paper is the use of a bibliometric and descriptive approach to carry out a thorough review of studies published on tourist development in island destinations.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use a bibliometric and descriptive approach to carry out a comprehensive review of the published studies on tourism development in island destinations in the past decade with special emphasis on the items analyzed, places of analysis and scientific journals that have addressed this topic.FindingsThe results of the analysis of the literature show the interest of the study of tourism in island destinations. This interest is partly due to the attraction that tourists have for this type of destinations and the need to promote their sustainable management as tourism destinations (Cusick, 2009, Hall, 2011, Cave and Brown, 2012, López, Orgaz, Marmolejo and Alector, 2016). In addition, tourism in island destinations constitutes an opportunity for economic development and benefits both the local population and its visitors (Fabinyi, 2010; Porter et al., 2015).Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation of this paper is the great diversity of tourist destinations made up of islands, the complex nature of these destinations and tourism and the quantity and diversity of research carried out into them. This aspect has already been highlighted by other authors and makes it complex to determine which research should be included or excluded in this review.Practical implicationsImportantly, the results allow researchers and decision-makers to identify the main areas of interest in the study of island tourism and the reasons for this interest. They also indicate new areas of interest and in-depth studies. Thus, professionals have a map that shows the most relevant factors in tourism development for this type of destination and the variables that, both from a positive and a negative point of view, influence its development.Social implicationsThis research shows that the main areas of interest is island destination are the quality of life of the local community, stakeholder collaboration, sustainability, diversification and seasonality, marketing, consumer behavior/perception and segmentation, planning of tourism activity, information and technology, competitiveness and efficiency.Originality/valueAs evidenced by the amount of research carried out, there is a great deal of interest in tourism in island destinations. This interest arises from the specific characteristics and the interest of tourists themselves in this type of destination, as well as from the negative impacts and opportunities generated by island tourism. Nevertheless, the number of references obtained for tourism in island destinations (N= 949) represents only 0.2 per cent of the total number of studies referring to only “island” in the SCOPUS consultation (339,607 studies). Thus, one of the contributions of this paper has been to highlight the need to continue studying and reviewing in greater depth research on insular tourism.

The Impact of Psychological Empowerment on the Effectiveness of Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-41
Author(s):  
Mona Hamid Abu Warda
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Psychological Empowerment ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to identify the concept of psychological empowerment and clarify its various dimensions and their impact on the effectiveness of performance in the higher education sector. The study has been applied to a sample of 185 staff members working at 3 universities in Saudi Arabia. This study found that the degree of practice of staff members to the dimensions of psychological empowerment exceeds the middle degree, while the level of performance in these universities was high, it showed the existence of a significant effect of the dimensions of psychological empowerment (competence, impact) on the effectiveness in performance. This is while the other two dimensions (self-determination, meaning) do not significantly affect the effectiveness of performance. The study also pointed to the existence of significant differences between the practice of faculty members to psychological empowerment according to the variables (experience, scientific rank, college), and also indicates there are significant differences in the levels of effectiveness performance, according to the variables (marital status, college).

Context, framing, and influence

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
B. Kim Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Call To Action ◽  
Vested Interests ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Key Terms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to help readers consider the value of identifying the values, beliefs, and vested interests of someone they wish to influence and to frame their idea, request, or call to action in a way that will make sense in the other person's internal model of the world and be interesting and attractive to him or her. Design/methodology/approach – The paper defines several key terms and presents a rationale for exploring the point of view of individuals one wishes to influence and framing an idea in a way that will be most meaningful to the other. Findings – There is no one way to view any idea. People have a set of mental filters that any influence attempt must pass through. These filters shape the impact and meaning of the other person's idea or request. The skillful influencer takes this into account in framing his or her influence approach. Research limitations/implications – This paper is the result of many years of observation and pattern recognition in situations where people are asked to influence one another. It is also consistent with current behavioral economics research, but is not itself based on laboratory research. Practical implications – Applying this approach should enable readers to have better results in influencing a variety of people. Originality/value – Influence is a key skill set for leaders and key contributors.

scholarly journals Development of innovation and investment potential of the industrial sector

2019 ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
Iryna Anatoliivna Markina ◽  
Serhii Mykolaiovych MARCHYSHYNETS
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
System Development ◽  
Complex Form ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Investment Policy ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The main catalyst for effective transformations in the industrial sector of the economy is innovation and investment policy, which aims to increase the potential, namely the capacity of the manufacturing sector of the Ukrainian economy. The innovation and investment potential closely reflect the objectively existing possibility of socio-economic development of the human system. The purpose of the article is to clarify the basic principles and approaches that reflect the innovation and investment potential and the essence of innovation and investment development. Results. The state ideology in the field of innovation and investment policy is considered. A generalization of the concept of “development” of the philosophical point of view is presented. The decisive role of development in understanding the essence of everything is proved. The vector of development in terms of its regressive or progressive manifestation is considered. It is determined that the stages of development are the stages of system change, which include: appearance, upward stage of development, maximal development or maturity, regressive changes or downward stage, disintegration and death. The tendency of differentiation in socio-economic systems is determined. The essence of “becoming” as a stage in the system development is considered. The essence of the system's maturity is revealed. External and internal sources of system development are considered. On the basis of the theoretical generalization, the key properties of the concept of “development” are given: it acts as a form of constant movement forward from simple to complex form; the degree of development is determined by the influence of external and internal factors; the way of development of the system is determined by its basic motives, the degree of recognition by the system of objectively existing reality; development is possible if it’s provided by the quantitative parameters of the end goal; the form of its implementation is cyclical or spiral; analysis of development must be carried out in two directions of research: in the material and spiritual worlds. The definition of “innovation” is given. The essence of scientific and technological progress as a basis of economic development is considered and the vision of leading scientists-economists on this phenomenon is presented. Quantitative estimates of the impact of innovative GDP growth are provided. The quantitative contribution of various factors of economic growth of a market economy is given. Key words: management, enterprise, potential, innovations, investments, innovation and investment develop-ment.

scholarly journals Theories of International Economic Development (Case Study: Economic Development in Kosovo)

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
MSc. Bardhok Bashota ◽  
MSc. Petrit Hasanaj
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
International Development ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Starting Point

Karl Popper rightly says that “real starting point for each research is set based on assumptions of reality, not only based on the real facts”. The text below was prepared In accordance with this logic, where the Theories of International Development are treated especially focusing on International Economic Development. Therefore, theoretical reflections present assumption side, and study of many empirically measured data will correspond with real facts, because with ought these facts assumption would be useless.Technically this writing consists of two parts: in the first part are elaborated all theoretical and practical characteristics of overall international development, while in a second part as a case study will be Economic Development i Kosovo. From methodological point of view this is a comparative study and based on statistical data, while problem treating approach is critical and explanatory.As it will be understood later, development theories have been decisively influenced by economic thinking, and the focus on this dimension responds best to the nature of the term development. On the other hand the fact of unfolding economical development will reflect interference and the nature of it’s inter politics.Today economic development becomes a worldwide goal, having a considerable place in most of the literature with economic content. Also, here are presented as well examples from different practices that reflect economic development in different periods and places. Here is presented international economic development starting with a brief description of a genealogy of this development and ways of economic development back that time. It is of a special importance elaboration through theoretical approach on the creation of capital and economic development, as  mercantilist theory, classic and neo classic theory, than capitalization and Socialism-Marxism.To better understand the nature of economic development, the focus falls on the appearance of the Third Technological Revolution and its role in the world, contemporary economy and as well appearance of the development problems and a need for different theoretical approach.As a separate part is presented international development and its measurement, the one that marks empty topic of analyses. Then, an important reflection on economic growth or economic development provides both multinational corporations and foreign investments, as mechanism of money. Hence, elaboration of these topics has a considerable place within this text linked to their role in the development or exploitation in different regions or countries. On the other hand, another alternative of Development Theories are presented “Theories of Addiction” which will be understood best after giving a broader explanation on economic development or non-development. This set overview will give legitimate basis or will expose more to criticism.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document