Survival and nutritional status of children with severe acute malnutrition, six months post-discharge from outpatient treatment in Jigawa state, Nigeria

Abstract Objectives Malnutrition is a major public health challenge in developing countries and as such the nutritional status of children serve as an indicator to rate the overall well-being of a society. In this study, we assessed the nutritional status of under-five children attending Dalhatu Araf Specialist Hospital, Lafia, Nigeria. Methods After ethical clearance, 165 under five children were randomly recruited into the study. The socio-demographic and nutritional information of the children and mother were obtained using structured questionnaires. Anthropometric assessment was done on each child and blood samples analyzed using standard biochemical techniques. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Results Out of the 165 children recruited for this study, 51.5% were males. 41.2% of the children showed prevalence of Global Malnutrition, 15.8% and 25.5% indicated moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) and Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) respectively. 66.1% of the children had Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) measures in the normal range of 12.5–14.6 cm. There is a significant relationship between nutritional knowledge of the mother, socioeconomic status, child feeding practices, and the nutritional status of their children (P < 0.05). The biochemical parameters studied reported that average PCV (33.32 ± 4.49) and total protein (34.53 ± 13.26 g/L) were lower than the normal range, glucose (4.52 ± 0.97 mmol/L) and Calcium (2.14 ± 0.25 mmol/L) were within the normal range and Albumin (64.16 ± 16.87 g/L) was above the normal range. Conclusions This study has successfully revealed the nutritional status of under five years children in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Our findings have critical implications for intervention initiatives among children in Nigeria. Funding Sources Self funded.

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Anthropometric assessment of nutritional status of children attending anganwadi in urban slums of Miraj city, Maharashtra

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20174820 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (11) ◽

pp. 4157 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abhay Gondikar ◽

Tejaswini V. Sangrulkar ◽

Tanuja R. Brahmankar

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Birth Order ◽

Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽

Economic Status ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Urban Slum ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Acute Malnutrition ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Nutritional Status Of Children

Background: Children between 1 to 6 years of age in India constitute 15% of total population as against 7% in the developed countries. Nutrition of these children is of prime importance as they are most vulnerable to malnutrition. Anthropometry has become a practical tool for evaluating the nutritional status of children in developing countries which is the best indicator of global wellbeing of children. The objectives were to study nutritional status of study subjects and to identify various socio-demographic risk factors associated with under-nutrition.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out in 205 Children of 0-6 years of age registered in Anganwadis in adopted urban slum area of community medicine department of Government Medical College, Miraj during January –December 2014. Data was collected using a pre-designed proforma and was analyzed at 5% level of statistical significance. For all the classifications in study WHO classifications were used.Results: Out of 205 children, 113 (55.12%) were males and 92 (44.88%) were females. Majority were Hindus (54.1%), from joint family (67.8%), belonged to class IV Socio-economic status, with literate parents (81% fathers and 70.7% mothers), having maternal age between 20-30 years, having birth order one (37.5%), were attending Anganwadi regularly (71.7%), completed their immunization as per age (92.2%). Prevalence of malnutrition was 26.8% (Weight for height or length). 32 (15.6%) children were underweight, 20 (9.8%) children were in MAM i.e. moderate acute malnutrition, and 03 (1.4%) were in SAM i.e. severe acute malnutrition. Prevalence of malnutrition in 166 under 5 children was 72.9 %. 94 (56.6%) children were underweight, 24 (14.5%) children were in MAM, and 03 (1.8%) were in SAM. Prevalence of stunting was 64.5%. Majority children had normal mid arm circumference.Conclusions: Undernutrition was more prevalent in age group of 13-24 months, females, Hindus, class 4 SES, in those having illiterate mothers, in children having birth order one and those with incomplete immunization.

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Assessment of the Nutritional Status of Children on Arvs in the Prevention of Mother Transmission (PMTCT) Child Centers in the Ruashi Health Zone in Lubumbashi in Dr Congo

Archives of Infectious Diseases & Therapy ◽

10.33140/aidt.05.02.04 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽

Minimum Weight ◽

Treatment Compliance ◽

Acute Malnutrition ◽

Average Weight ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Health Zone ◽

Nutritional Status Of Children ◽

Hiv Aids

Introduction: HIV infection causes and promotes enormous nutritional deficits in children. The objective of this work was to analyze the nutritional status of children infected with HIV placed on antiretrovirals in the Ruashi Health Zone in Lubumbashi. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional descriptive study which focused on 51 children aged 3 months to 17 years selected in 8 care structures for People Living with HIV AIDS, from January to June 2016. Data was collected by documentary review and the usual descriptive statistics and anthropometric indicators were used. Result: The prevalence of overall malnutrition was 31.37% (n = 51) including 7.84% moderate malnutrition. The average weight is 19.25 kg with a minimum weight of 4.5 kg and a maximum of 49 kg. The overall prevalence of anemia (hemoglobin <11g / dl) was 9.8%. Wasting affected 3.92% of children and 7.84% were victims of chronic malnutrition. The prevalence of acute malnutrition was 25.48%, of which 3.92% was severe acute malnutrition. Immune deficiency (CD4 <350) in 5.88% of cases, undetectable viral load at 88.37% and treatment compliance at 92.16% Conclusion: HIV / AIDS affects the state of health of children in Ruashi with 31.37% overall malnutrition and 7.84% stunted growth. Good nutritional and therapeutic support for children is necessary.

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Severe acute malnutrition and its associated factors among under-five children in two districts of Nepal

10.21203/rs.2.14202/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Umesh Ghimire ◽

Binod Kumar Aryal ◽

Ankush Kumar Gupta ◽

Suman Sapkota Sapkota

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Food Access ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽

Acute Malnutrition ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Household Food ◽

Nutritional Status Of Children

Abstract Background: Despite consistent efforts to enhance nutritional child nutrition, poor nutritional status of children continues to be a major public health problem in Nepal. This study identified the predictors of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) among children aged 6-59 months in the two districts of Nepal. Methods: We used data from a cross-sectional study conducted among mothers of 6 to 59 months children admitted to the Outpatient Therapeutic Centres (OTCs). The nutritional status of 398 children was assessed using mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) measurement. To evaluate associated factors with SAM, adjusted odds ratio was computed using multivariate logistic regression and p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Among 398 children, 5.8 percent were found to be severely malnourished including under-two years and female children. Family size (five or more members) (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]: 3.96; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.23 - 12.71) was positively associated with SAM. Children from severely food insecure households (AOR: 4.04; 95% CI: 1.88-10.53) were four times more likely to be severely malnourished. Younger age-group (AOR: 12.10; 95% CI: 2.06 - 71.09) children (0 - 12 vs. 24 - 59 months) were significantly associated with childhood undernutrition. Conclusions: The findings of this study indicated that household size, household food access, and child’s age were the major predictors of severe acute malnutrition. Hence, nutrition health programs should be targeted to improve the nutritional status of children by ensuring household food access by focusing poor families engaging them in kitchen gardening to promote nutritious diet to the children.

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Nutritional status in under five children and their associated risk factors in an urban slum of Mumbai

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20211367 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 1149

Author(s):

Aishani Chowdhury ◽

Animesh Gupta

Keyword(s):

Young Children ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽

Urban Slum ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Urban Slums ◽

Acute Malnutrition ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Highly Correlated ◽

Nutritional Status Of Children

Background: Young children living in urban slums are at high risk for acute malnutrition and stunting. Many factors contribute towards it including living conditions, gender, delivery method, or access to nutrition. Malnutrition at a young age can cause morbidity and mortality, and impact further development and educational outcomes of children, and cause lifelong impairment. The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional status of young children in an urban slum in Mumbai and the factors affecting the health of children.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in the slum community of Dharavi, Mumbai. Data was collected using pre-designed and pre-tested proforma by interview method.Results: The prevalence of wasting (W/H) was found in 48.9% of the population in this study, of which 25.0% had severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and 23.9% had moderate acute malnutrition (MAM). Stunting was found in 39.7% of the population, of which 29.5% were moderately stunted and 10.2% were severely stunted. Wasting was found to be highly correlated with the age of the child and the age of the mother, whereas Stunting was found to be highly correlated with the child, the age of the mother, and complementary feeding.Conclusions: Poor nutritional status of children in the urban slums in Mumbai needs to be addressed by improving education and awareness amid parents and access to Anganwadi, Balwadi, and nutritional supplements.

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Severe acute malnutrition and its associated factors among under-five children in two districts of Nepal

10.21203/rs.2.14202/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Umesh Ghimire ◽

Binod Kumar Aryal ◽

Ankush Kumar Gupta ◽

Suman Sapkota Sapkota

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽

Acute Malnutrition ◽

Child Feeding ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children ◽

Toilet Facility ◽

Nutritional Status Of Children ◽

Food Insecure Households

Abstract Background : The main objective of this study was to identify the risk factors of severe acute malnutrition in under-five children in the two districts of Nepal. Methods: Using a mid-upper arm circumference measure, nutritional status along with the associated factors underlying determinants of undernutrition of 404 children who visited the Outpatient Therapeutic Centres were assessed using a validated structured questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and associated variables. Results: The odds of a child being in the SAM category increased significantly if the family have five or more children and if the household yearly income is below an average. The children in the Madhesi family were 3.6 times more likely to be malnourished. Toilet facility (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]: 4.45; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.88-10.53) and family with no kitchen garden (AOR: 3.16; 95% CI: 1.28-7.89) were significantly associated with SAM among under five children. Children from moderate food insecure and severe food insecure households were 3.2 and 5.5 times more likely to be malnourished respectively. Compared to the mothers with no job, mother with some sort of paid job had more than six times higher odds of having severely acute malnourished children.Conclusions: These findings suggest that the nutrition interventions as well as awareness on child feeding practices are crucial to improve the nutritional status of children especially among Madhesi community, poorer households and among illiterate mothers.

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Upaya Peningkatan Status Gizi Balita Malnutrisi Akut Berat Melalui Program Home Care

Kesmas National Public Health Journal ◽

10.21109/kesmas.v9i2.507 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 130

Author(s):

Fitri Haryanti ◽

Madarina Julia

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Home Care ◽

Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽

Acute Malnutrition ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Care Intervention ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Nutritional Status Of Children

Malnutrisi pada balita masih merupakan permasalahan di Indonesia termasuk di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Berdasarkan indikator berat badan menurut tinggi badan, 2,6% balita mengalami malnutrisi akut berat. Pada beberapa dekade terakhir, telah terjadi pergeseran paradigma dalam penanganan balita malnutrisi, yang sebelumnya berbasis pendekatan fasilitas kesehatan bergeser menjadi pendekatan berbasis komunitas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh program home care terhadap peningkatan status gizi balita malnutrisi pada anak usia 6-60 bulan. Penelitian menggunakan desain kuasi eksperimen dengan pretest dan posttest control group melalui tiga tahap pendampingan yaitu intensif, mandiri, dan penguatan dengan pendekatan asuhan keperawatan. Sampel adalah 56 balita malnutrisi akut di dua wilayah, yaitu 33 balita di Kota Yogyakarta (eksperimen) dan 23 balita di Kabupaten Sleman (kontrol) dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu purposive sampling. Intervensi home care diberikan selama tiga 3 bulan (Januari sampai Maret 2013). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan setelah program home care, terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan pada status gizi balita (p < 0,05). Pada akhir intervensi, terjadi penurunan kejadian malnutrisi akut berat dari 100% menjadi 56,7% (p < 0,05). Improving Nutritional Status of Children with Severe Acute Malnutrition Through Home Care ProgramChildren undernutrition is still an issue in Indonesia, including in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Based on weight for height indicator, 2.6% children experience severe acute malnutrition. In the last few decades, there has been a paradigm shift in the management of acute malnutrition from a facility- based to community-centered approach. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of home care intervention on the improvement of nutritional status of severe acute malnutrition children aged 6-60 months. This study was designed with quasi-experimental and pretest-posttest control group design, conducted in three phases; intensive, strengthening and independent with nursing approach (January until March 2013). Samples were 56 children with severe and moderate acute malnutrition for both study sites, 33 children in Yogyakarta city (experiment) and 23 children in Sleman district (control), selected using purposive sampling. Home care intervention is given for three months (January until March 2014). Results findings show there were significant increase in nutritional status (p < 0.05) after home care intervention. At end line evaluation, the proportion of severe acute malnutrition in the experimental groups reduced significantly from 100% to 56,7% (p < 0.05).

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Performance and costing of nutrition intervention measures on admitted children in malnutrition treatment center: a case study from Jharkhand, India

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20204375 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. 4048

Author(s):

Rajesh Kumar Sinha ◽

Asha Kiran ◽

Vivek Kashyap ◽

Praveen Kumar

Keyword(s):

Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽

Average Length ◽

Nutrition Intervention ◽

Acute Malnutrition ◽

Treatment Center ◽

Medical Complication ◽

Average Weight ◽

Post Discharge ◽

Target Weight ◽

Intervention Measures

Background: Children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) having medical complications require immediate care at malnutrition treatment centers (MTC). Thus, it becomes important to assess the effect and treatment cost of such children in these facilities. Hence, the present study was done with these aims in two MTCs in Jharkhand, India.Methods: A retrospective record review was done of the children admitted to these two MTCs between 1st April 2017 and 31st March 2018. A predesigned proforma was used to collect child related information. The data collected was entered in Microsoft excel sheet and analysed.Results: Majority of the admitted children (90.6%) were in 6-23 months age group. 358 (51.5%) children were females. Only, 194 (27.9%) children admitted were SAM had any medical complication. 690 (99.3%) children were discharged of whom 499 (72.3%) were discharged after achieving the target weight. The average weight gain during their stay was 8.1±2.4 g/kg/day and average length of stay was 16.7±3.2 days. Post discharge follow up rates were found to be low and only 130 (18.8%) children completed all three follow ups. Average cost per SAM child treated was Rs. 18,599 (US$ 272) and per SAM child cured was Rs. 25,904 (US$ 379).Conclusions: MTCs are effective in managing medically complicated SAM children. However, improvements are necessary to ensure that more such children should be treated at facility level, complimented with a community based programme for managing uncomplicated SAM children to improve coverage and ensure continuum of care.

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Public Health Nutrition: A Comparative Study of the Nutritional Status of Children in Villages in Northern Nigeria Using and Not Using Soya Beans

Food and Nutrition Bulletin ◽

10.1177/156482659601700109 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. O. Owolabi ◽

J. O. Mac-Inegite ◽

F. O. Olowoniyan ◽

H. O. Chindo

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Economic Recession ◽

Soya Bean ◽

Acute Malnutrition ◽

School Age Children ◽

Lower Percentage ◽

School Age ◽

African Countries ◽

Malnourished Children ◽

Nutritional Status Of Children

The nutritional status of 240 children between the ages of 2 and 15 years in communities that use or do not use soya beans was evaluated by conventional methods. There were significant differences (p <.05) in the nutritional status of pre-school (2–5 yr) and school-age children (6–15 yr) in the three communities. Using weight-for-height as an index of acute malnutrition, 32.5%, 25.5%, and 22.6% of preschool children were normal in Kurmin Masara, Kaya, and Makera, respectively, as were 44.6%, 24.4%, and 21.7% of school-age children. Kurmin Masara, a community producing and using soya beans, had a significantly higher percentage (p < .05) of nutritionally normal and a lower percentage of severely malnourished children than the other two villages. Generally, malnutrition was more pronounced in school-age children in the three communities. Soya bean accounted for 34.4%, 28.5%, and 1.3% of the protein intake of children 2 to 15 years of age in Kurmin Masara, Kaya, and Makera, respectively. Our findings appear to validate the importance of soya bean in the diet of children, especially in this period of economic recession when animal protein sources are very expensive. Extension service efforts are necessary in Nigeria and other African countries to increase soya bean production and use to improve the nutritional status of the population, particularly young children.

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