scholarly journals Aerobic exercise increases post-exercise exogenous protein oxidation in healthy young males

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. e0225803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerlof A. R. Reckman ◽  
Gerjan J. Navis ◽  
Wim P. Krijnen ◽  
Roel J. Vonk ◽  
Harriët Jager-Wittenaar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Protein Oxidation ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Exogenous Protein

scholarly journals Acute Citrulline-Malate Oral Supplementation does not Improve Post-Aerobic-Exercise Autonomic Response in Normotensive and Hypertensive Subjects: a Pilot Randomized Controlled Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 242-249
Author(s):  
Juliano Casonatto ◽  
Adeluci Moraes ◽  
Kamila Grandolfi
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Autonomic Response ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Oral Supplementation ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Normotensive Subjects ◽  
Citrulline Malate ◽  
E 32

AbstractThe present study was designed to investigate whether citrulline malate (CM) supplementation might influence post-aerobic-exercise autonomic response in normotensive and hypertensive subjects. Forty individuals (20 normotensives and 20 hypertensives) were randomly assigned to one of the four experimental groups (normotensive-placebo [NP], normotensive-CM [NC], hypertensive-placebo [HP], and hypertensive-CM [HC]). The participants ingested CM (6 g) or placebo dissolved in water (100 ml) 120 min before the exercise session. The exercise session was conducted on a treadmill and consisted of 40 min of running/walking at 60-70% HRreserve. The heart rate variability (HRV) was recorded continuously for 60 min post-exercise. In normotensive subjects at “post-30”, LF increased and HF decreased after the CM supplementation (16% [P=0.041] and -32% [P=0.037], respectively). No significant differences were found in “pre”, “post-30” and “post-60” considering the pooled (NP, NC, HP, and HC) z-scores for time and frequency HRV domains. These results suggest that a single dose of CM supplementation does not promote significant effects on post-exercise autonomic modulation in normotensive and hypertensive subjects. Keywords: Autonomic Nervous System. Citrulline Malate. Hypertension. Exercise. ResumoO presente estudo foi desenvolvido para investigar se a suplementação de citrulina malato (CM) pode influenciar a resposta autonômica após exercício aeróbico em indivíduos normotensos e hipertensos. Quarenta indivíduos (20 normotensos e 20 hipertensos) foram aleatoriamente designados para um dos quatro grupos experimentais (normotenso-placebo [NP], normotenso-CM [NC], hipertenso-placebo [HP] e hipertenso-placebo [HP] e hipertenso-CM [HC]). Os participantes ingeriram CM (6 g) ou placebo dissolvido em água (100 ml) 120 minutos antes da sessão de exercícios. A sessão de exercícios foi realizada em esteira e consistiu em 40 minutos de corrida/caminhada a 60-70% da FCres. A variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) foi registrada continuamente por 60 minutos após o exercício. Nos normotensos “pós-30”, houve aumento para LF e redução para HF após a suplementação de CM (16% [P=0,041] e -32% [P=0,037], respectivamente). Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas nos momentos "pré", "pós-30" e "pós-60", considerando os escores-z combinados (NP, NC, HP e HC), tanto para os indicadores de domínio do tempo, quando para os de domínio da frequência. Estes resultados sugerem que uma dose única de suplementação de CM não promove efeitos significativos na modulação autonômica após exercício em indivíduos normotensos e hipertensos. Palavras-chave: Sistema Nervoso Autônomo. Citrulina Malato. Hipertensão, Exercício.

Abstract P031: Effect of Exercise on Function and Differentiation of Adipose Tissue Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs)

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabanita Kundu ◽  
Cleyton Domingues ◽  
Peter Kokkinos ◽  
Eric Nylen ◽  
Sabyasachi Sen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Bone Formation Markers

Approximately 422 million people have diabetes worldwide (2014) and it is predicted that diabetes will rise by nearly 54% by 2030. Aerobic exercise is known to show positive effect on health of diabetic and pre diabetic patients. The effect of exercise has been studied extensively using plasma biochemistry but cellular data is scares. Previously, we have shown endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) can act as a strong cellular biomarker of endothelial function following aerobic exercise as an intervention. In this study, we are examining the effect of aerobic exercise on adipocyte derived MSCs to study stromal cell differentiation and as a cellular surrogate of fat metabolism. Methods: Overweight and obese subjects (n=5) were enrolled in a 12 week exercise intervention study. The biweekly exercise sessions were supervised by a trained exercise physiologist and consisted of a 1 hour sessions that included warm-up and cool-down and 30 min of combined aerobic and resistance training at an exercise intensity of 50-80% of heart rate reserve. Physical and biochemical parameters were tested pre and post exercise. Subcutaneous abdominal fat biopsies were obtained and fat derived stromal cells were cultured in vitro for 2-3 weeks. MSCs were analyzed for mRNA gene expression (qRT-PCR) and cellular oxygen consumption rate (OCR), pre and post 12 week exercise. Results: With exercise, A1C reduced significantly. An increase of METs was also noticed post exercise. Both basal and maximal respiration increased significantly post exercise when compared with commercially obtained MSCs. Simultaneously, mitochondrial genes COX4 and ATP5B (p= 0.01, 1.4 fold, 0.02, 1.5 fold respectively), Glucose transporter, GLUT1 (p=0.04, 1.8 fold), antioxidants GPX3 and CAT (p= 0.01, 3.2 fold and p=0.04, 1.5 fold respectively) upregulated whereas pro-inflammatory cyclo-oxygenase-2 (p=0.04, 2.5 fold) gene reduced significantly, post exercise. Regarding differentiation potential of multipotent MSCs, post exercise, we noted enhanced expression of bone markers such Alkaline Phosphatase (p= 0.03, 2.7 fold) BGLAP and RUNX2 (1.3 and 1.2 fold) and also for collagen marker COL2 (2.4 fold) expression. For adipogenic differentiation potential PPARG mRNA expression was reduced. Interestingly, serum value of osteocalcin increased significantly from 15.0 (5.5) to 16.3(6.1) ng/ml (9% increase, p=0.03) with 1% increase in bone alkaline phosphatase level, post exercise. Conclusion: We conclude that exercise augments cellular glucose transporters (GLUT1), anti-oxidants and reduce MSC inflammation and up-regulates mitochondrial function and gene expression profile of MSCs. Increased serum value of osteocalcin complement increased gene expression of bone formation markers indicating a cross talk between fat derived MSCs and bone formation, post exercise.

Exercise and Mononuclear Cell DNA Damage: The Effects of Antioxidant Supplementation

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 480-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.W. Davison ◽  
C.M. Hughes ◽  
R.A. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Mononuclear Cell ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Supplementation ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Acetyl Cysteine

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of antioxidant supplementation on DNA damage following exercise. Fourteen subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups and required to ingest either antioxidants (400 mg α-lipoic acid, 200 mg co-enzyme Q10, 12 mg manganese, 600 mg vitamin C, 800 mg N-acetyl cysteine, 400 μg selenium, and 400 IU α-tocopherol per day) or placebos for 7 d. Exercise increased DNA damage, PS, FRAP, and LDH (P < 0.05), but not selectively between groups. LDH and PS concentration decreased 1 h post-exercise (P < 0.05), while LH concentration decreased 1 h post-exercise in the antioxidant group only (P < 0.05). The antioxidant group had a higher concentration of LH (P < 0.05), perhaps due to a selective difference between groups post-exercise (P < 0.05). The main findings of this investigation demonstrate that exhaustive aerobic exercise induces DNA damage, while anti-oxidant supplementation does not protect against damage.

scholarly journals Moderate aerobic exercise, but not anticipation of exercise, improves cognitive control

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242270
Author(s):  
Maximilian Bergelt ◽  
Vanessa Fung Yuan ◽  
Richard O’Brien ◽  
Laura E. Middleton ◽  
Wellington Martins dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Flanker Task ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Mixed Effects Modeling ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Main Effects

Background Evidence suggests a single bout of exercise can improve cognitive control. However, many studies only include assessments after exercise. It is unclear whether exercise changes as a result, or in anticipation, of exercise. Objective To examine changes in cognitive control due to moderate aerobic exercise, and anticipation of such exercise. Methods Thirty-one young healthy adults (mean age 22 years; 55% women) completed three conditions (randomized order): 1) exercise (participants anticipated and completed exercise); 2) anticipation (participants anticipated exercise but completed rest); and 3) rest (participants anticipated and completed rest). Cognitive control was assessed with a modified Flanker task at three timepoints: (1) early (20 min pre-intervention, pre-reveal in anticipation session); (2) pre-intervention (after reveal); and (3) post-intervention. An accuracy-weighted response time (RTLISAS) was the primary outcome, analyzed with a linear mixed effects modeling approach. Results There was an interaction between condition and time (p = 0.003) and between session and time (p = 0.015). RTLISAS was better post-exercise than post-rest and post-deception, but was similar across conditions at other timepoints. RTLISAS improved across time in session 1 and session 2, but did not improve over time in session 3. There were also main effects of condition (p = 0.024), session (p = 0.005), time (p<0.001), and congruency (p<0.001). Conclusions Cognitive control improved after moderate aerobic exercise, but not in anticipation of exercise. Improvements on a Flanker task were also observed across sessions and time, indicative of a learning effect that should be considered in study design and analyses.

scholarly journals Exercise shifts hypothetical food choices towards greater amounts and more immediate consumption

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karsten Koehler ◽  
Safiya E Beckford ◽  
Elise Thayer ◽  
Alexandra R Martin ◽  
Julie B Boron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Electronic Questionnaires ◽  
The Impact

Although exercise modulates appetite regulation and food intake, it remains poorly understood how exercise impacts decision making about food. The purpose of the present study was to assess the impact of an acute exercise bout on hypothetical choices related to the amount and timing of food intake. Forty-one healthy participants (22.0 ± 2.6 years; 23.7 ± 2.5 kg/m2, 56% female) completed 45 minutes of aerobic exercise and a resting control condition in randomized order. Food amount preferences and intertemporal food preferences (preference for immediate vs. delayed consumption) were assessed using electronic questionnaires with visual food. Compared to rest, exercise resulted in a greater increase in the food amount selected, both immediately post exercise (+25.8 ± 11.0 vs. +7.8 ± 11.0 kcal/item, p = 0.02) and 30 min post exercise (+47.3 ± 12.4 vs. +21.3 ± 12.4 kcal/item, p = 0.005). Exercise further resulted in a greater increase in the preference for immediate consumption immediately post exercise (+0.23 ± 0.10 vs. +0.06 ± 0.10; p = 0.03) and 30 min post exercise (+0.30 ± 0.12 vs. +0.08 ± 0.12; p = 0.01). Our findings demonstrate that a single bout of aerobic exercise shifts hypothetical food choices towards greater amounts and more immediate consumption, highlighting the importance of the timing of food choices made in the exercise context.

scholarly journals Acute Effect of Moderate-intensity Aerobic Exercise on Cerebral Blood Flow and Cognitive Function in Young Adults: Treadmill vs. Cycle Ergometer

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-169
Author(s):  
Yejin Kang ◽  
Ruda Lee ◽  
Moon-Hyon Hwang ◽  
Myong-Joo Lim
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Color Word ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Post Exercise

PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare the acute effects of different types (treadmill vs. cycle) of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on cerebral blood flow and cognitive function in young adults.METHODS: By a randomized crossover study design, ten participants were initially assigned to either treadmill exercise (TE; n=5) or cycle ergometer exercise (CE; n=5) and then they performed the other with seven-day wash-out period. Both exercises were implemented at the target heart rate corresponding to 70% of heart rate reserve for 30 minutes. Cognitive function was assessed by the Stroop Color-Word test at pre- and post-exercise. Cerebral blood flow was continuously monitored using near-infrared spectroscopy technique during rest, cognitive function test (CFT), and exercise.RESULTS: There was a significant group by time interaction in tissue saturation index (TSI) (<i>p</i>=.046). Post-hoc analysis presented that TSI at post-exercise CFT was higher than during exercise in TE (<i>p</i>=.02). In both exercises, TSI at pre-exercise CFT significantly increased compared to the resting value (<i>p</i>=.001). Cerebral oxyhemoglobin level was significantly increased during exercise and at post-exercise CFT compared to the resting value in both exercises (<i>p</i><.001). The reaction time for certain cognitive tasks such as color, word with matched color, word with color interference, and color with word interference was improved after both exercises (<i>p</i><.05).CONCLUSIONS: One-bout of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise acutely improves cerebral blood flow and cognitive function even in healthy young adults. Exercise types with the same intensity do not seem to make meaningful difference in the positive effects of aerobic exercise.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document