scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practice survey of COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Nigeria

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Abdulrazaq Habib ◽  
Farouq Muhammad Dayyab ◽  
Garba Iliyasu ◽  
Abdulrazaq G. Habib

Background A pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged and affected most of the world in early 2020. To inform effective public health measures we conducted a knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) survey among a Hausa Muslim society in Nigeria in March 2020. Methods The study is an analytic cross-sectional survey with questionnaires administered to the general population including Health Care Workers (HCW) in Kano, Nigeria. Participants were recruited by convenience sampling following informed consent. The percentage of KAP scores were categorized as good and poor. Independent predictors of good knowledge of COVID 19 were ascertained using a binary logistic regression model. Results The questionnaire was administered among urban 32.8%, peri-urban dwellers 32.4%, and to online participants 34.8%. The peri-urban and urban participants were given paper questionnaires. There were 886 study participants with mean age 28.58yrs [SD:10.25] (Interquartile range [IQR]:22yrs–32yrs), males 55.4% with 57.3% having had or were in tertiary education. Most participants were students 40% and civil servants 20%. The overall mean [standard deviation (SD)] for knowledge, attitude and practice scores expressed in percentage was 65.38%[SD15.90], 71.45% [SD14.10], and 65.04% [SD17.02] respectively. Out of the respondents, 270(30.47%) had good knowledge (GK), 158(17.8%) had good attitude (GA), and 230(25.96%) had good practice (GP) using cut-off scores of 75%, 86.5%, and 75% respectively. Over 48% did not agree COVID-19 originated from animals while 60% perceived the pandemic to be due to God’s punishment. Also, 36% thought it was a man-made virus. When rating fear, most respondents [63.5%] had marked fear i.e. ≥ 7 out of 10 and 56% admitted to modifying their habits recently in fear of contracting the virus. As regards attitude to religious norms, 77.77% agreed on cancellation of the lesser pilgrimage as a measure to curb the spread of the disease while 23.64% admitted that greater pilgrimage (Hajj) should proceed despite the persistence of the ongoing pandemic. About 50% of the respondents insisted on attending Friday congregational prayers despite social distancing. One in four people still harbored stigma towards a person who has recovered from the virus. 28% felt some races are more at risk of the disease though 66% mentioned always practicing social distancing from persons coughing or sneezing. Almost 70% of respondents said they were willing to accept a vaccine with 39% saying they would be willing to pay for it if not publicly funded. In univariate analysis increasing age and having been ever married were associated with GK while tertiary education was associated with GA [Odds Ratio; 95% Confidence Interval] 2.66(1.79–3.95). Independent positive predictors of GK were those who were or had ever been married, those who had marked fear of COVID-19, and had modified their habits in the last three months. Those who had non-tertiary education and had the questionnaire administered as paper rather than online version had GK but age was not a predictor. Conclusion Knowledge of transmission and preventive measures should be improved in the general population cognizant of cultural norms and Islamic practices. The study highlights the importance of considering belief systems and perception in developing control measures against COVID-19.

BMC Nutrition ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wubegzier Mekonnen ◽  
Yeweyenhareg Feleke ◽  
Yakob Desalegn ◽  
Getahun Tarekegne ◽  
Biruk Lambisso ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Vitamin D is essential for health and its shortage exacerbates overall mortality. Health care workers (HCWs) need to educate on its uses and sources although studies indicate their low level of practice. The main aim of this study is therefore to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of measuring adult vitamin D status, diagnosis of deficiency and managing health consequences among HCWs in Ethiopia. Methods This study was conducted in three ecologies covering lowland, midland and highland districts. A total of 405 health care workers with different levels were interviewed. Tablets were used for data collection to archiving in a cloud server. Data were exported to Stata version 14 software for cleaning and analysis. Rates were computed and the Chi-square test was used to compare differences between the two groups. Binary logistic regression was used to measure the strength, direction and significance of the association between different covariates and the practice of HCWs. Result The level of knowledge, positive attitude and good practice in measuring adult vitamin D status, diagnosis of deficiency and managing health consequences among HCWs was 210 (51.8%), 261(63.5%) and 195(47.4%) respectively. The odds of good practice in the provision of adult vitamin D service were AOR = 6.87: 95% CI (3.57, 13.21) and AOR = 2.20: 95% CI (1.23, 3.92) times higher among HCWs in Addis Ababa and highlands compared with those working in lowlands. Good practice among clinicians was AOR = 4.26: 95% CI (1.48, 12.25) times higher compared with those working in leadership positions. The likelihood was AOR = 1.96: 95% CI (1.19, 3.23) times higher among those with good knowledge compared with those with poor knowledge. Besides, good practice in adult vitamin D service provision was AOR = 2.30: 95% CI (1.40, 3.78) times higher among those with positive attitude compared with those who had negative attitude. Conclusions A little over half of HCWs have good knowledge and close to two-thirds of them have positive attitude while less than half of them have good practice on adult vitamin D deficiency. Besides, HCWs’ residential ecology, clinical position, knowledge and attitude is associated with good practice on adult vitamin D. It is essential to provide rigorous and continuous training for HCWs focusing on their deployment ecology.


BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e051447
Author(s):  
Bodrun Naher Siddiquea ◽  
Aishwarya Shetty ◽  
Oashe Bhattacharya ◽  
Afsana Afroz ◽  
Baki Billah

ObjectiveTo assess the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of the global general population regarding COVID-19.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsMEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and PsycINFO were used to identify articles published between 1 January and 30 June 2021 assessing KAP regarding COVID-19 in the global general population. The quality of eligible studies was assessed. Random effects model was used to obtain the pooled proportion of each component of KAP of COVID-19. Heterogeneity (I2) was tested, and subgroup and correlation analyses were performed.ResultsOut of 3099 records, 84 studies from 45 countries across all continents assessing 215 731 participants’ COVID-19 KAP were included in this study. The estimated overall correct answers for knowledge, good attitude and good practice in this review were 75% (95% CI 72% to 77%), 74% (95% CI 71% to 77%) and 70% (95% CI 66% to 74%), respectively. Low-income countries, men, people aged below 30 years and people with 12 years of education or less had the lowest practice scores. Practice scores were below 60% in Africa and Europe/Oceania. Overall heterogeneity was high (I2 ≥98%), and publication bias was present (Egger’s regression test, p<0.01). A positive significant correlation between knowledge and practice (r=0.314, p=0.006), and attitude and practice (r=0.348, p=0.004) was observed.ConclusionsThis study’s findings call for community-based awareness programmes to provide a simple, clear and understandable message to reinforce knowledge especially regarding efficacy of the preventive measures in low and lower middle-income countries, and in Africa and Europe/Oceania, which will translate into good practice. Targeted intervention for men, people with low education, unemployed people and people aged below 30 years should be recommended. As most of the included studies were online surveys, underprivileged and remote rural people may have been missed out. Additional studies are needed to cover heterogeneous populations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020203476.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257600
Author(s):  
Ugwu I. Omale

Background The Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Malaria are meant to guide medical practitioners to enhance optimal management of patients suspected of having malaria which is vital to malarial control and elimination. Medical doctors have the main responsibility for treating patients with malaria so there was need to evaluate the extent to which the medical doctors in Ebonyi state, Nigeria, knew, viewed, and practiced the 2015 National Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Malaria. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out in May, 2019 among medical doctors who were involved in the management of malaria patients and selected via convenience sampling. Data was collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire. Each respondent was categorized as having poor, fair, or good knowledge, attitude, and practice respectively based on knowledge, attitude, and practice scores of <50%, 50–75%, and >75%. Associated factors were evaluated through bivariate and multivariate binomial logistic regressions at 5% probability of type one error and the overall test for the effect of each independent factor on practice level was done using the “postestimation test” command in Stata. Results A total of 156 medical doctors were surveyed. Most, 138 (88.5%) were aware there was a national guideline for diagnosis and treatment of malaria. Among the medical doctors, 19 (12.2%) had good knowledge, 110 (70.5%) had fair knowledge, and 27 (17.3%) had poor knowledge; 38 (24.4%) had good attitude, 74 (47.4%) had fair attitude, and 44 (28.2%) had poor attitude; and 59 (37.8%) had good practice, 90 (57.7%) had fair practice, and 7 (4.5%) had poor practice. The attitude level of the medical doctors toward the 2015 National Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Malaria was a predictor of good practice (adjusted p-value of overall effect = 0.0003). Conclusions Although most of the medical doctors in Ebonyi state, Nigeria, were aware of the existence of a national guideline, only just over a third of them had good practice of the 2015 National Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Malaria. Policy interventions should focus on improving the attitude of the medical doctors toward the National Guidelines through training and re-training.


2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
B A Aina ◽  
A V Ogunbameru

Abstract Background Helminth infections (Intestinal Helminthiasis) have been recognized as an important public health concern, particularly in developing countries. It is however noteworthy that improvement in personal hygiene, sanitation, food handling and food consumption habits could provide effective prevention of transmission of the parasites. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice of prevention of helminth infections among first and final professional year students of College of Medicine, University of Lagos and determine the association between the students' levels and their responses. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out among 485 students with 222 students at first professional level and 263 students in the final year, based on the study population. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect data and the data collected were analyzed using Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS version 22.0). Results Response rate was 93.4% (453 out of 485). Majority of the respondents 329(72.6%) had good knowledge on the prevention of helminth infections, 384(84.7%) of the respondents had positive attitude towards the prevention of helminth infection and most of the respondents 420(92.7%) had good practice of the preventing helminth infections. The final year students however possessed a significant higher knowledge, better attitude and practice of preventing helminth infections than the first year students (p = 0.000, 0.002 and 0.003 respectively), hereby indicating a significant relationship between students' level and their knowledge, attitude and practice of preventing helminth infections. Conclusions The study revealed that the respondents generally had good knowledge, attitude and practices of the prevention of helminth infections and that there is a significant relationship between these and the students' year or level of study Key messages Knowledge, attitude and practice of the students will affect their provision of public health services on prevention of helminth infections among the general populace when they eventually graduate. Years of training affect the knowledge, attitude and practice of undergraduate students of CMUL in prevention of helminth infections.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Belaynesh Tazebew Flatie ◽  
Abaineh Munshea

Background. Malaria is one of the most severe public health problems worldwide. It is a leading cause of suffering, death, and socioeconomic problem, especially in many developing countries like Ethiopia. To introduce appropriate preventive and control measures, assessment of community’s levels of knowledge, attitude, and preventative practices regarding malaria is crucial. This study was aimed at assessing the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards malaria and its preventive and control methods among people attending Mekaneeyesus primary hospital, South Gondar, northwestern Ethiopia. Methods. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2017 to April 2018. A structured questionnaire was administered to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics and KAP of 390 randomly selected individuals. The data collecting tool was pretested before commencing the actual data collection. The data were analyzed using the SPSS version 21 software. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results. The overall prevalence rate of malaria in the study area was 8.5%. Nearly two-third of the participants had good knowledge (63.1%) and positive attitude (62.6%) scores towards malaria while only half of the participants had (50.8%) good practice score towards malaria prevention and control measures. Sex, age category, family monthly income, residence, and occupational and educational status of the participants were significantly associated with knowledge and practice scores ( P < 0.05 ). The odds of malaria were 26.93 ( CI = 3.67 ‐ 197.47 , P = 0.001 ) and 13.09 ( CI = 0.93 ‐ 183.47 , P = 0.036 ) times higher among individuals who had poor knowledge and poor practice towards malaria, respectively, as compared to individuals who were knowledgeable and had good practice score towards malaria. Conclusion. The overall knowledge score, attitude, and practice level of respondents towards malaria was relatively good. However, significant proportion of the participants still have misconception about the cause, sign and symptoms, modes of transmission, and practices towards prevention methods of malaria. Thus, health education which is aimed at raising community’s awareness about the disease is necessary to address the gaps identified by this study.


2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehran Hesaraki ◽  
Majidreza Akbarizadeh ◽  
Sudabeh Ahmadidarrehsima ◽  
Mahdieh Poodineh Moghadam ◽  
Fatemeh Izadpanah

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, practice, and clinical recommendations of health care workers (HCWs) towards COVID-19.MethodsIn this systematic review study, international databases (Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus) were searched for the relevant studies published in English from the inception of databases until July 30, 2020. Hoy et al.’s tool was used to evaluate the quality of studies. All search steps, screening, selection of studies, quality assessment, and data extraction were performed separately by two researchers.ResultsOut of 3460 articles searched, 28 articles conducted on 16,427 HCWs were included in the study. Most of the HCWs had good knowledge (72.2%), a positive attitude (70.9%), and good practice (78.8%) towards COVID-19. The most important clinical recommendation to improve knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) was to provide HCWs with a periodic training program regarding COVID-19. The most important source of information for HCWs on COVID-19 was social networks.ConclusionsDespite HCWs’ good knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP), it is recommended to periodically review KAP and carry out further studies in different countries as well. It is also recommended to use social media to improve KAP.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-97
Author(s):  
Fatimah ◽  
Taiwo ◽  
Baba ◽  
Aishatu ◽  
Omeiza ◽  
...  

Background: Although much is known about the rapidly spreading COVID-19 disease, a lot of knowledge is still evolving. The knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of healthcare workers (HCWs) towards COVID-19 remain key in protecting themselves and in fighting the “war” against the disease. This study assessed the KAP of HCWs in Kano, northern Nigeria. Methodology: A cross-section of different cadre of healthcare workers was recruited online via google forms. Using a link, the participants completed an adapted from a similar study, pre-tested questionnaire on KAP regarding COVID-19. Predictors of KAP were assessed using logistic regression modelling. Results: Among the 651 HCWs invited to participate, 233 respondents responded giving a response rate of 35.8%. Of these, 195 (83.7%) had good knowledge, 183 (78.9%) had a positive attitude and 180 (77.6%) had good practice towards prevention of COVID-19. The odds of having good knowledge were significantly lower among Community Health Officers/Community Health Extension workers (aOR=0.2, 95% CI: 0.1-0.6;p<0.001) and other health workers compared to doctors. Positive attitude was predicted by good knowledge (aOR=4.8, 95% CI:1.7-010.2;p=0.003), being in the fifth decade of life (aOR=5.5, 95% CI: 1.1–29.3, p=0.04), female gender (aOR=3.0, 95% CI: 1.1-8.3;p=0.04), Christian faith (aOR=7.0, 95% CI: 1.3-40.4; p=0.03), and having a bachelors’ or medical degree (aOR=4.6, 95% CI: 1.3-16.5).The only predictor of good practice was good knowledge on COVID-19 (aOR=7.8, 95% CI 2.8-12.4;p<0.001). Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Majority of the HCWs at the study site have good knowledge, attitude and practice regarding COVID-19. Continuous dissemination of information on prevention of spread of COVID-19 to all HCWs will strengthen the health workforce in the fight against it.   Copyright © 2021 Tsiga-Ahmed et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-144
Author(s):  
Radha Paudel ◽  
Sarita Shrestha ◽  
Laxmi Gurung

Background: COVID-19 has become a global health threat and the disease burden is expected to increase more. Nurses are the front lines of COVID management. Because this work requires close personal exposure to patients with COVID-19, nurses are at high risk of infection, contributing to further spread. Nurses’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices can influence the prevention and control of pandemic. Thus, the aim of the study was to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding the prevention and control of COVID-19 among nurses.   Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study design was carried out among 141 nurses from the central hospital, Kathmandu. A purposive sampling technique was used and the data collection date was June 5 to July 20, 2020. A self-administered semi-structured questionnaire was used. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.   Results: The study showed that 60.3% of the participants had good knowledge, 53.2% of them had acceptable practice and a cent percent (100%) of them had a positive attitude on the preventive and control measures against COVID-19. More than 3/4th (75.8%) of them were agreed to handle the COVID-19 outbreak confidently in their healthcare setup. Although, 85.8% of participants were worried that they and their family members will probably get infected with COVID-19 while working in the hospital. However, 39% of them were feeling isolated by their community, and relatives due to their profession.   Conclusions: Nurses have good knowledge, a positive attitude, and acceptable practice about prevention and control of COVID-19. However, the level of some knowledge and practice was still lower than that expected.      Keywords: Attitude; COVID; Knowledge; nurses; prevention and control; practice    


Author(s):  
Md. Golam Rabbani ◽  
Orin Akter ◽  
Md. Zahid Hasan ◽  
Nandeeta Samad ◽  
Shehrin Shaila Mahmood ◽  
...  

The world is grappling with Covid-19, a dire public health crisis. Preventive and control measures are adopted to reduce the spread of COVID-19. It is important to know the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of people towards this pandemic to suggest appropriate coping strategies. The aim of this study was to assess the KAP of Bangladeshi people towards Covid-19 and determinants of those KAPs. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 492 Bangladeshi people aged above 18 years from May 7 to 29, 2020 throughout the country. Simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the factors associated with KAP on COVID-19. About 45% of respondents had good knowledge, 49% of respondents expressed positive attitude towards controlling of COVID-19 and 24% of respondents had favorable practice towards COVID-19. Almost three fourths of the respondents went outside home during the lockdown period. Furthermore, the study found that good knowledge and attitude were associated with better practice of COVID-19 health measures. An evidence informed and context specific risk communication and community engagement, and a social and behavior change communication strategy against COVID-19 should be developed in Bangladesh, based on the findings of this study, targeting different socio-economic groups.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Eyasu Tekile Solomon ◽  
Fisseha Yetwale Kassie ◽  
Dawit Gebeyehu Mekonnen ◽  
Muhabaw Shumye Mihret ◽  
Addisu Taye Abate ◽  
...  

Introduction. Delivery of the infant into the arms of a conscious and pain-free mother is the most exciting and rewarding moment in maternal care services. Physical and mental care of women during delivery requires good knowledge and a positive insight to the needs and rights of the mothers. Little was known regarding skilled birth attendants’ knowledge, attitude, and practice towards labor pain management in the study area. Hence, the current study aimed at assessing knowledge, attitude, and practice, and associated factors towards labor pain management among skilled birth attendants working at hospitals found in central, west, and north Gondar zones, northwest Ethiopia, 2019. Method. A multicenter institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June 1 to 30, 2019. A census sampling technique was used to include a total of 336 skill birth attendants. A pretested standardized self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. The data were then entered into Epi Info 7.1.2 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were undertaken to identify factors associated with outcome variables. The level of significance of the study was declared based on adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval at a p value of ≤0.05. Result. The proportion of skill birth attendants having good knowledge, a favorable attitude, and a good practice on labor pain relief methods was 47%, 41.96%, and 57.14%, respectively. Age of ≤30 years (AOR = 5.43; 95% CI: 1.25, 23.53), educational status of 2nd degree and above (AOR = 3.56; 95% CI: 1.32, 9.60), working at a private primary hospital (AOR: = 6.55; 95% CI: 2.15, 19.93), and working at a referral hospital (AOR = 2.24 : 95% CI: 1.01, 4.93) are factors significantly associated with good knowledge while having good knowledge on labor pain relief methods (AOR = 2.26; 95% CI: 1.42, 3.60) and working at private primary hospitals (AOR = 7.01; 95% CI: 1.92, 25.65) had statistically significant association with favorable attitude and good practice on labor pain relief methods, respectively. Conclusion and Recommendations. Poor knowledge, unfavorable attitude, and poor practice towards labor pain management were found in this study. Strengthening the capacity of public health facilities and providing continuous professional development (CPD) training for the skilled birth attendants would be helpful in improving knowledge, attitude, and practice towards labor pain management.


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