scholarly journals Risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease among adult Nevadans

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0247105
Author(s):  
Dieu-My T. Tran ◽  
Nirmala Lekhak ◽  
Karen Gutierrez ◽  
Sheniz Moonie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
System Data

ObjectiveCardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the number one cause of death in the US and Nevada is ranked 11th highest for CVD mortality. The study sought to examine the association between self-reported risk factors and CVD presence among adult Nevadans, between years 2011 and 2017.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional, population-based study that utilized the 2011 and 2017 Nevada Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data. Data were analyzed between 2019 and 2020.ResultsA total of 5,493 and 3,764 subjects in 2011 and 2017, respectively were included. BMI (overweight/obesity) remained the most prevalent CVD risk factor. The second most common CVD risk factor was high cholesterol, followed by hypertension. Compared to females, males were 1.64 times more likely to have reported CVD in 2011, which increased to 1.92 in 2017. Compared to non-smokers, everyday smokers were 1.96 times more likely in 2011 and 3.62 times more likely in 2017. Individuals with high cholesterol status were 2.67 times more likely to have reported CVD compared to those with normal levels in 2011. In 2011, individuals with hypertension were 3.74 times more likely to have reported CVD compared to those who did not have hypertension. This relationship increased its magnitude of risk to 6.18 times more likely in 2017. In 2011, individuals with diabetes were 2.90 times more likely to have reported CVD compared to those without the condition.ConclusionsPublic health and healthcare providers need to target preventable cardiovascular risk factors and develop recommendations and strategies locally, nationally, and globally.

scholarly journals Clustering of risk factors and the risk of incident cardiovascular disease in Asian and Caucasian populations: results from the Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e019335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanne A E Peters ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Tai-Hing Lam ◽  
Hyeon Chang Kim ◽  
Suzanne Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Individual Risk Factors

ObjectiveTo assess the relationship between risk factor clusters and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence in Asian and Caucasian populations and to estimate the burden of CVD attributable to each cluster.SettingAsia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration.ParticipantsIndividual participant data from 34 population-based cohorts, involving 314 024 participants without a history of CVD at baseline.Outcome measuresClusters were 11 possible combinations of four individual risk factors (current smoking, overweight, blood pressure (BP) and total cholesterol). Cox regression models were used to obtain adjusted HRs and 95% CIs for CVD associated with individual risk factors and risk factor clusters. Population-attributable fractions (PAFs) were calculated.ResultsDuring a mean follow-up of 7 years, 6203 CVD events were recorded. The ranking of HRs and PAFs was similar for Australia and New Zealand (ANZ) and Asia; clusters including BP consistently showed the highest HRs and PAFs. The BP–smoking cluster had the highest HR for people with two risk factors: 4.13 (3.56 to 4.80) for Asia and 3.07 (2.23 to 4.23) for ANZ. Corresponding PAFs were 24% and 11%, respectively. For individuals with three risk factors, the BP–smoking–cholesterol cluster had the highest HR (4.67 (3.92 to 5.57) for Asia and 3.49 (2.69 to 4.53) for ANZ). Corresponding PAFs were 13% and 10%.ConclusionsRisk factor clusters act similarly on CVD risk in Asian and Caucasian populations. Clusters including elevated BP were associated with the highest excess risk of CVD.

Distribution of short and lifetime risks for cardiovascular disease in Italians

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augusto Di Castelnuovo ◽  
Simona Costanzo ◽  
Mariarosaria Persichillo ◽  
Marco Olivieri ◽  
Amalia de Curtis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lifetime Risk ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Risk Factors ◽  
Short Time

Background: Guidelines for primary prevention recommend calculation of lifetime risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in addition to short-time risk. We aimed at evaluating the distribution of CVD lifetime risk and the percentage of Italians having low short-term, but high lifetime, risk. Design: Cross-sectional general population-based cohort study. Methods: We included 8,403 (46% men) cardiovascular disease-free individuals aged 35–50 years, among those randomly recruited in the framework of the MOLI-SANI cohort. Participants were stratified into three groups: low short-time (10-year) (≤3% and non diabetic)/low lifetime, low short-time/high lifetime, and high short-time risk. Short-time risk was evaluated by the equation provided by the Italian CUORE project. Lifetime risk was evaluated using the algorithm derived from the Framingham cohort. Results: High short-time risk was prevalent in 16% population (32% of men and 2% of women). Among individuals with low short-time risk, 80% had high lifetime risk (82% men and 78% women). The proportion of individuals with very low lifetime risk due to all optimal risk factors was 4.1% only (1.5% men and 6.3% women). Conclusions: A large proportion of Italian adults not qualified for CVD primary prevention because of their very low short-time predicted CVD risk, are in fact at high risk to develop a CVD event in their lifetime; therefore population-based approaches should be sought to modify the overall distribution of individual risk factors. These findings offer helpful information for policy makers involved in contrasting the burden of CVD, especially in women and young men.

scholarly journals Comparison of cardiovascular disease risk factors, assessment and management in men and women, including consideration of absolute risk: a nationally representative cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e038761
Author(s):  
Emily Banks ◽  
Jennifer Welsh ◽  
Grace Joshy ◽  
Melonie Martin ◽  
Ellie Paige ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Recommended Treatment ◽  
Nationally Representative

ObjectivesCardiovascular disease (CVD) is highly preventable and optimal treatments based on absolute risk can halve risk of future events. Compared with women, men have higher risks of developing CVD. However, women can experience suboptimal treatment. We aimed to quantify sex differences in CVD risk, assessment and treatment in Australian adults.Design, participants, settingCross-sectional analysis of nationally representative data from interview, physical measures, medication review and blood and urine samples, from 2011 to 2012 Australian Health Survey participants aged 45–74 (n=11 518).Outcome measuresCVD risk factors, absolute 5-year risk of a primary CVD event, blood pressure and cholesterol assessment in the previous 2 and 5 years and use of recommended CVD preventive medications were compared using Poisson regression to estimate age-adjusted male versus female prevalence ratios (PRs).ResultsWomen had a generally more favourable CVD risk factor profile than men, including lower: current smoking prevalence (women=14.5%; men=18.4%, PR=0.78, 95% CI=0.70 to 0.88); body mass index (women (mean)=28.3 kg/m2; men (mean)=28.8 kg/m2, p<0.01); systolic and diastolic blood pressure (systolic: women (mean)=127.1 mm Hg; men (mean)=130.5 mm Hg, p<0.001); blood glucose (women (mean)=5.2 mmol/L; men (mean)=5.5 mmol/L); diabetes prevalence (women=6.8%; men=12.5%, PR=0.55, 95% CI=0.44 to 0.67); prior CVD (women=7.9%; men=11.3%) and absolute primary CVD risk (absolute 5-year CVD risk >15%: women=6.6%, 95% CI=5.4 to 7.8; men=15.4%, 95% CI=13.9% to 16.9%). Compared with men, women had higher low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol and sedentary behaviour and lower physical activity. Blood pressure and cholesterol assessment were common in both sexes. Among those at high absolute risk, age-adjusted proportions receiving recommended CVD medications were low, without sex differences (women=21.3%; men=23.8%, PR=0.93, 95% CI=0.49 to 1.78). Fewer women than men with prior atherosclerotic CVD were receiving recommended treatment (women=21.8%, men=41.4%, PR=0.55, 95% CI=0.31 to 0.96).ConclusionWomen have a more favourable CVD risk factor profile than men. Preventive treatment is uncommon and women with prior atherosclerotic CVD are around half as likely as men to be receiving recommended treatment.

Cardiovascular disease and preventive care among cancer survivors: A population-based study.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10081-10081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin A. Pearlstein ◽  
Ramsankar Basak ◽  
Ronald C. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Preventive Care ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk

10081 Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been identified as a leading cause of mortality among cancer survivors, particularly long-term survivors. However, studies examining the prevalence of CVD risk factors and CVD-specific preventive care among US cancer survivors are lacking. We utilize the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data to address this knowledge gap. Methods: NHIS is an annual survey among roughly 88,000 individuals across the US, and its data are representative of US population-based estimates of health status, healthcare behavior, and healthcare utilization. 15,747 individuals surveyed from 2011 to 2015 who reported a history of cancer (except non-melanomatous skin cancer) were included in this study. Prevalence of CVD risk factors and preventive care received were calculated incorporating NHIS sample weights. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to evaluate factors associated with risk factor monitoring. Results: 55% of the cohort was ≥6 years out from cancer diagnosis and 53% were 65 years or older. CVD risk factors were prevalent across the entire cohort (Table). Among survivors < 50 years, 30% were active smokers, and 35% obese. Among survivors ≥65, 40% had known CVD. Among survivors with each risk factor, rates of monitoring and management of each is reported in Table. On multivariable analysis, seeing a generalist was strongly associated with monitoring of blood pressure (OR 18), cholesterol (OR 8), and fasting glucose (OR 3). Conclusions: This study provides the current status of preventive care among US cancer survivors, illustrating that CVD and its risk factors are common. Rates of monitoring of hypertension and hyperlipidemia are high, but there is room for improvement in interventions targeting obesity and smoking cessation. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Association of major cardiovascular risk factors, risk factor clustering with cardiovascular diseases from eastern China A population-based cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua-Feng Yang ◽  
Xin Hong ◽  
Wei-Wei Wang ◽  
Qing Ye ◽  
Zhi-Yong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Weighted Prevalence

Abstract Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are serious public health issues and the burden of CVDs is at alarmingly high level in China. The aim of the current study was to estimate the prevalence of CVDs and modifiable risk factors, and explore the association of risk factors, risk factor clustering with CVDs among Nanjing adults from eastern China. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted by a stratified clustered sampling between June and November 2011. A representative sample of 40,896 residents aged over 18 years was interviewed by face-to-face questionnaire survey, anthropometric measurements and laboratory examinations. The prevalence of CVDs including coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke was determined according to a participant’s self-report. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the relationship between relevant risk factors, their clustering and CVDs. Results: The weighted prevalence of self-reported in the entire population was 1.1% for CHD; and 1.4% for stroke. The weighted prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, overweight or obesity, and current smoking was 25.0%, 6.7%, 29.6%, 35.9% and 24.5%, respectively. In multivariable-adjusted models, higher levels of body mass index, systolic blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose could be associated with increased risks of CHD and stroke, whereas higher level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol could be related to lower risks of CHD. Hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia were likely to be positively associated with self-reported CVDs regardless of genders in multivariable logistic regression models. Participants with CVDs had significant higher proportion of at least two of CVD risk factors than their counterparts without CVDs. Compared to those having no risk factor; adults with one, two, three or more CVD risk factors had possibly gradually increased risks of CHD and stroke in both genders. Conclusion: Higher regional prevalence of CVDs was likely to be synergistic effects of risk factors aggregation. Therefore, multifactorial intervention strategies based on associated risk factors may be available for prevention and control of CVDs in Chinese population. Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases, Risk Factors, Prevalence, Coronary heart disease, Stroke, China

scholarly journals Is night-time light intensity associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors among adults in early-stage urbanisation in South India? A cross-sectional study of the Andhra Pradesh Children and Parents Study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e036213
Author(s):  
Tina Bonde Sorensen ◽  
Robin Wilson ◽  
John Gregson ◽  
Bhavani Shankar ◽  
Alan D Dangour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
South India ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children And Parents

ObjectivesTo explore associations of night-time light intensity (NTLI), a novel proxy for continuous urbanisation levels, with mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), body mass index (BMI), fasting serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), among adults in early-stage urbanisation in Telangana, South India.DesignCross-sectional analysis of the third wave of the Andhra Pradesh Children and Parents Study cohort.Setting28 villages representing a continuum of urbanisation levels, ranging from rural settlement to medium-sized town in Telangana, South India.ParticipantsData were available from 6944 participants, 6236 of whom were eligible after excluding pregnant women, participants younger than 18 years of age and participants missing data for age. Participants were excluded if they did not provide fasting blood samples, had implausible or missing outcome values, were medicated for hypertension or diabetes or had triglyceride levels invalidating derived LDL. The analysis included 5924 participants for BMI, 5752 participants for SBP, 5287 participants for LDL and 5328 participants for FPG.ResultsIncreasing NTLI was positively associated with mean BMI, SBP and LDL but not FPG. Adjusted mean differences across the range of village-level NTLI were 1.0 kg/m2 (95% CI 0.01 to 1.9) for BMI; 4.2 mm Hg (95% CI 1.0 to 7.4) for SBP; 0.3 mmol/L (95% CI −0.01 to 0.7) for LDL; and −0.01 mmol/L (95% CI −0.4 to 0.4) for FPG. Associations of NTLI with BMI and SBP were stronger in older age groups.ConclusionThe association of NTLI with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors identify NTLI as a potentially important tool for exploring urbanisation-related health. Consistent associations of moderate increases in urbanisation levels with important CVD risk factors warrant prevention strategies to curb expected large public health impacts from continued and rapid urbanisation in India.

Abstract P156: Assessing the Effect of the Heart of New Ulm Project: a Population-Based Program to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbey C Sidebottom ◽  
Arthur Sillah ◽  
David M Vock ◽  
Michael M Miedema ◽  
Raquel Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Health System ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Control Population ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Matched Control Population

Background: Despite a highly recognized priority for public health and healthcare to implement population-level strategies to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD), limited evidence exists on the most effective strategies. Data collection and evaluation of large scale, community based-prevention programs can be challenging and costly to achieve. The Heart of New Ulm (HONU) Project, begun in 2009, is a population-based initiative with healthcare, community, and workplace interventions addressing multiple levels of the social-ecological model designed to reduce modifiable CVD risk factors in rural New Ulm, MN. The community is served by one health system, enabling the use of electronic health record (EHR) data for surveillance. Objective: To assess trends for CVD risk factors, events, and healthcare utilization for New Ulm residents compared to a matched control population. Methods: We matched New Ulm residents (n = 4,077) with controls (n = 4,077) from a regional community served by the same health system using refined covariate balance techniques to match on baseline demographics, CVD risk factors, and health care utilization. Mixed effects longitudinal models with adjustment for age and gender, and an interaction for time by community, were run. Model based estimates were constructed for the entire cohort at each time period. Results: Over the first 6 years of the HONU Project,blood pressure, LDL, total cholesterol, and triglycerides were managed better in New Ulm than the matched comparison community. The proportion of New Ulm residents with controlled blood pressure increased by 6.2 percentage points while the control group increased by 2 points. 10-year ASCVD risk scores showed less decline for New Ulm residents than controls (16 vs. 18.4). The intervention and control groups did not differ with regard to inpatient stays, CVD events, smoking, or glucose. Conclusions: Compared to a matched control population, we found improved control of CVD risk factors in the New Ulm Population exposed to the HONU Project.

scholarly journals Dinner consumption and cardiovascular disease risk factors among a nationally representative sample of Iranian adolescents: the CASPIAN-III Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-146
Author(s):  
Leila Azadbakht ◽  
Fahime Akbari ◽  
Mostafa Qorbani ◽  
Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh ◽  
Gelayol Ardalan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nationally Representative

Introduction: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and dinner consumption in a nationally representative sample of Iranian adolescents. Methods: The present study was conducted on 5642 adolescents aged 10-18 years old in 27 provinces in Iran. The subjects were included applying by multistage random cluster sampling. Participants who ate ≥5 dinners during a week were considered as a dinner consumer. Results: Among 5642 subjects, 1412 (25%) did not consume dinner. Dinner consumers were less likely to be overweight or obese (P < 0.001) and abdominally obese (P < 0.001) as well as to have an abnormal level of HDL-C (P = 0.02). Dinner skipper youths had a higher risk for overweight or obesity (odds ratio [OR]: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.39-1.89) and abdominal obesity (OR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.36-1.85) which remained significant after adjusting confounding factors (P <0001). No relationship was observed between dinner consumption and the rest of the CVD risk factors, neither in crude nor in adjusted models. A higher proportion of dinner-consumer adolescents had no CVD risk factors in comparison to dinner-skipper subjects (31.1% vs. 28%). Conclusion: Eating dinner might be inversely associated with some CVD risk factors among Iranian adolescents. Further prospective studies will need to prove this theory.

Validity of cardiovascular disease risk factors assessed by telephone survey: The behavioral risk factor survey

1993 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 561-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Bowlin ◽  
Barbara D. Morrill ◽  
Anne N. Nafziger ◽  
Paul L. Jenkins ◽  
Carol Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Telephone Survey ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factor
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