Association of major cardiovascular risk factors, risk factor clustering with cardiovascular diseases from eastern China A population-based cross-sectional study

Abstract Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are serious public health issues and the burden of CVDs is at alarmingly high level in China. The aim of the current study was to estimate the prevalence of CVDs and modifiable risk factors, and explore the association of risk factors, risk factor clustering with CVDs among Nanjing adults from eastern China. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted by a stratified clustered sampling between June and November 2011. A representative sample of 40,896 residents aged over 18 years was interviewed by face-to-face questionnaire survey, anthropometric measurements and laboratory examinations. The prevalence of CVDs including coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke was determined according to a participant’s self-report. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the relationship between relevant risk factors, their clustering and CVDs. Results: The weighted prevalence of self-reported in the entire population was 1.1% for CHD; and 1.4% for stroke. The weighted prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, overweight or obesity, and current smoking was 25.0%, 6.7%, 29.6%, 35.9% and 24.5%, respectively. In multivariable-adjusted models, higher levels of body mass index, systolic blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose could be associated with increased risks of CHD and stroke, whereas higher level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol could be related to lower risks of CHD. Hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia were likely to be positively associated with self-reported CVDs regardless of genders in multivariable logistic regression models. Participants with CVDs had significant higher proportion of at least two of CVD risk factors than their counterparts without CVDs. Compared to those having no risk factor; adults with one, two, three or more CVD risk factors had possibly gradually increased risks of CHD and stroke in both genders. Conclusion: Higher regional prevalence of CVDs was likely to be synergistic effects of risk factors aggregation. Therefore, multifactorial intervention strategies based on associated risk factors may be available for prevention and control of CVDs in Chinese population. Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases, Risk Factors, Prevalence, Coronary heart disease, Stroke, China

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Risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease among adult Nevadans

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0247105 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. e0247105

Author(s):

Dieu-My T. Tran ◽

Nirmala Lekhak ◽

Karen Gutierrez ◽

Sheniz Moonie

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Population Based ◽

Behavioral Risk ◽

High Cholesterol ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

System Data

ObjectiveCardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the number one cause of death in the US and Nevada is ranked 11th highest for CVD mortality. The study sought to examine the association between self-reported risk factors and CVD presence among adult Nevadans, between years 2011 and 2017.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional, population-based study that utilized the 2011 and 2017 Nevada Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data. Data were analyzed between 2019 and 2020.ResultsA total of 5,493 and 3,764 subjects in 2011 and 2017, respectively were included. BMI (overweight/obesity) remained the most prevalent CVD risk factor. The second most common CVD risk factor was high cholesterol, followed by hypertension. Compared to females, males were 1.64 times more likely to have reported CVD in 2011, which increased to 1.92 in 2017. Compared to non-smokers, everyday smokers were 1.96 times more likely in 2011 and 3.62 times more likely in 2017. Individuals with high cholesterol status were 2.67 times more likely to have reported CVD compared to those with normal levels in 2011. In 2011, individuals with hypertension were 3.74 times more likely to have reported CVD compared to those who did not have hypertension. This relationship increased its magnitude of risk to 6.18 times more likely in 2017. In 2011, individuals with diabetes were 2.90 times more likely to have reported CVD compared to those without the condition.ConclusionsPublic health and healthcare providers need to target preventable cardiovascular risk factors and develop recommendations and strategies locally, nationally, and globally.

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Women’s Autonomy and Support for Wife Beating: Findings From a Population-Based Survey in Jordan

Violence and Victims ◽

10.1891/0886-6708.25.3.409 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 409-419 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Natalia Linos ◽

Marwan Khawaja ◽

Mohannad Al-Nsour

Keyword(s):

Regression Models ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Population Based ◽

Married Women ◽

Wife Beating ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Hypothetical Scenario ◽

Population Based Survey

The aim of this study is to examine attitudes among married women toward wife beating and to investigate the hypothesis that female individual empowerment is associated with such attitudes within a broader context of societal patriarchy in Jordan. The study uses data from a cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of married women (n = 5,390) conducted in 2002. Associations between acceptance of wife beating and several women’s empowerment variables, including decision-making power, as well as other risk factors were assessed, using odds ratios from binary logistic regression models. The key finding is that the vast majority (87.5%) of Jordanian women believe that wife beating is justified in at least one hypothetical scenario, and justification is negatively associated with empowerment variables and some demographic, geographic, and socioeconomic factors.

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Association between Eating Away from Home and Hyperuricemia: A Population-Based Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study in China

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/2792681 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zifeng Liu ◽

Xiaoting Su ◽

Mianli Xiao ◽

Peien Zhou ◽

Jianwei Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Regression Models ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Noncommunicable Diseases ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Nutrition Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Home Food

Hyperuricemia (HU) is a risk factor for different kinds of chronic noncommunicable diseases, and eating away from home (EAFH) may play an important role in their development, which has been ignored greatly so far. This study aimed to investigate the association between EAFH and HU in different models. A cross-sectional study involving 8,322 participants of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) was conducted. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the data. We found that participants who consumed more away-from-home food had a higher risk for HU, and the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) (for each increment in grades of EAFH) were 1.11 (1.02, 1.20) in a multiadjusted model (adjusted for age, gender, province, net individual income, body mass index, smoking, leisure-time physical activities, energy intake, and sleep duration). As for stratified analyses, the aOR (95% CI) of EAFH was 1.12 (1.01, 1.24) for men and 1.06 (0.92, 1.21) for women. Similar results can be found in the middle-aged and obese population, with aOR (95% CI) of EAFH as 1.17 (1.05, 1.30) and 1.15 (1.03, 1.29), respectively. In conclusion, EAFH is positively associated with the prevalence of HU.

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Differences in Cardiovascular Mortality Risk among African Americans in the Minnesota Heart Survey: 1985-2015 vs The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study Cohort: 1987-2015

Ethnicity & Disease ◽

10.18865/ed.29.1.47 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 47-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Kristen M. George ◽

Aaron R. Folsom ◽

Lyn M. Steffen ◽

Lynne E. Wagenknecht ◽

Thomas H. Mosley

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

African Americans ◽

Population Based ◽

Study Cohort ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽

Hazard Ratios ◽

Atherosclerosis Risk ◽

Cvd Mortality

Geographic differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among African Americans (AAs) are well-established, but not well-characterized. Using the Minnesota Heart Survey (MHS) and Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, we aimed to assess whether CVD risk factors drive geographic disparities in CVD mortality among AAs.ARIC risk factors were measured between1987-1989 from a population-based sample of AAs, aged 45 to 64 years, living in Jackson, MS and Forsyth County, NC. Similar measures were made at MHS baseline, 1985, in AAs from Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN. CVD mortality was identified using ICD codes for underlying cause of death. We compared MHS and ARIC on CVD death rates using Poisson regression, risk factor prevalences, and hazard ratios using Cox regression.After CVD risk factor adjustment, AA men in MHS had 3.4 (95% CI: 2.1, 4.7) CVD deaths per 1000 person-years vs 9.9 (95% CI: 8.7, 11.1) in ARIC. AA women in MHS had 2.7 (95% CI: 1.8, 3.6) CVD deaths per 1000 person-years vs 6.7 (95% CI: 6.0, 7.4) in ARIC. A 2-fold higher CVD mortality rate remained in ARIC vs MHS after additional adjustment for education and income. ARIC had higher total cholesterol, hypertension, diabetes, and BMI, as well as less education and income than MHS. Risk factor hazard ratios of CVD death did not differ.The CVD death rate was lower in AAs in Minnesota (MHS) than AAs in the Southeast (ARIC). While our findings support maintaining low risk for CVD prevention, differences in CVD mortality reflect unidentified geographic variation.Ethn Dis. 2019;29(1):47-52; doi:10.18865/ ed.29.1.47

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Prevalence and determinants of the metabolic syndrome among Tunisian adults: results of the Transition and Health Impact in North Africa (TAHINA) project

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980012003291 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 582-590 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Hanen Belfki ◽

Samir Ben Ali ◽

Hajer Aounallah-Skhiri ◽

Pierre Traissac ◽

Souha Bougatef ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

North Africa ◽

Health Impact ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Intervention Programme ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components and to evaluate the relationship between this diagnosis and cardiovascular risk factors, demographic and socio-economic variables.DesignA cross-sectional study using a questionnaire including information on sociodemographic and CVD risk factors. Blood pressure, anthropometric indices, fasting glucose and lipid profile were measured. MetS was defined according to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III.SettingThe whole Tunisian territory; Transition and Health Impact in North Africa (TAHINA) project.SubjectsA total of 4654 individuals (1840 men and 2814 women), aged 35 to 74 years, who participated in the Tunisian national survey.ResultsThe overall prevalence of MetS was 30·0 %, higher in women (36·1 %) than in men (20·6 %; P < 0·001). In both genders MetS prevalence increased significantly with age (P < 0·001), but this increase was more important in women. Multiple regression analyses showed that the odds for MetS increased significantly with urban area for both men and women (P < 0·05 and P < 0·001, respectively). The multivariate models showed also that the odds for MetS increased significantly with increasing level of education and in those with a family history of CVD for men (both P < 0·05) and after the menopausal transition for women (P < 0·05).ConclusionsThe study highlights the MetS problem in a middle-income developing country. There is an urgent need for a comprehensive, integrated, population-based intervention programme to ameliorate the growing problem of MetS in Tunisians.

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Association of hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype with renal function impairment: a cross-sectional study in a population of Chinese adults

10.21203/rs.3.rs-22590/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yun Qiu ◽

Qi Zhao ◽

Yian Gu ◽

Na Wang ◽

Yuting Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Function ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chinese Adults ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Hypertriglyceridemic Waist ◽

Increased Risk

Abstract Background: The hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW) phenotype has been suggested as a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD), but evidence on relationship of triglyceride waist phenotypes with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) status and severity is limited. Our aim was to explore the association of triglyceride waist phenotypes with reduced eGFR and various decreased eGFR stages among Chinese adults.Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among Chinese participants aged 20-74 years during June 2016 to December 2017 in Shanghai, China. An eGFR value below 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 was defined as Decreased eGFR. The HTGW phenotype was defined as a triglycerides (TG) level ≥1.7 mmol/L and a waist circumference (WC) ≥90 cm for men and ≥80 cm for women. We examined the association of triglyceride waist phenotypes with decreased eGFR risk using the weighted logistic regression models.Results: A total of 31,296 adults were included in this study. Compared with normal TG level/normal WC (NTNW) phenotype, normal TG level/enlarged WC (NTGW), elevated TG level/normal WC (HTNW), elevated TG level/enlarged WC (HTGW) were associated with the increased risk of decreased eGFR, with an multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% CI) of 1.77 (1.42-2.20), 1.48 (1.16-1.90), and 2.30 (1.80-2.93), respectively. These positive associations between triglyceride waist phenotypes and decreased eGFR risk remained across almost all the subgroups, including sex, age, BMI, T2DM, and hypertension. NTGW, HTNW, and HTGW phenotype were consistently positively associated with the risk of mildly and moderately decreased eGFR, but not with severely decreased eGFR risk.Conclusions: HTGW was consistently associated with the increased risk of decreased eGFR and various decreased eGFR stages except for severely decreased eGFR. The findings imply that HTGW may be an important risk factor for renal dysfunction or an indicator for prevention and control aiming to reduce renal function decline.

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Obesity and Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis: A Population-Based Survey

Infectious Diseases Research and Treatment ◽

10.1177/1178633721994607 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. 117863372199460

Author(s):

Alaa Badawi ◽

Christina J Liu

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Adult Population ◽

Latent Tuberculosis ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Markers ◽

And Control

Objective: Diminution in body weight is a known risk factor that increases the burden of active tuberculosis (TB). However, conflicting evidence exists for the effect of body weight on the risk of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). The objective of the present study is to examine the prevalence of LTBI at different body weights, evaluate the extent of association between body mass index (BMI) and LTBI and identify factors mediating this relationship in an adult population. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study to estimate the relationship between BMI and LTBI in participants from the US-National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES; 2012, n = 5156; 514 with LTBI and 4642 controls). Results: The association between BMI and levels of cardiometabolic risk markers in both LTBI and control groups had a similar profile. When adjusted for age and sex, BMI was significantly inversely correlated with the prevalence of LTBI ( r = −0.147, P < .001). Effect of BMI on the risk of LTBI was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, diabetes, and level of education. In this model, increasing BMI was significantly associated with lower risk of LTBI (OR = 0.85; 95%CI: 0.77-0.96, P < .01). Conclusion: This study further establishes an inverse relationship between BMI and prevalence of LTBI. Decreased BMI can be considered as a risk factor in LTBI, the reservoir for active TB cases.

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Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Tile and Ceramic Workers in Yazd, Iran

ISRN Preventive Medicine ◽

10.5402/2013/921860 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Amir Houshang Mehrparvar ◽

Seyyed Jalil Mirmohammadi ◽

Mehrdad Mostaghaci ◽

Maryam Bahaloo ◽

Mohammad Heydari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

International Standards ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Low Hdl ◽

Simple Sampling ◽

Ceramic Workers

Introduction. Cardiovascular disorders (CVDs) are among the most important diseases in the world and determination of their risk factors is essential for primary and secondary prevention. This study aimed to evaluate these risk factors in workers of tile and ceramic industry, a main industry in Yazd. Materials and Methods. In a cross-sectional study, 1075 tile and ceramic workers were selected by simple sampling method. BMI, blood pressure, FBS, and lipid profile were measured and compared to international standards. Results. 731 individuals (68%) had at least one risk factor, and 52%, 12%, 3%, and 0.7% had one, two, three, and four risk factors, respectively. The most common risk factor was abnormal BMI (49.6%); low HDL (48.4%) and high TG (14.1%) were in the second and third orders. Conclusion. This study showed a relatively high prevalence for CVD risk factors among tile and ceramic workers. Low HDL, high TG, and overweight were the most frequent risk factors in this population.

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Prevalence of peripheral neuropathy defined by monofilament insensitivity in middle-aged and older adults in two US cohorts

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-98565-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Caitlin W. Hicks ◽

Dan Wang ◽

B. Gwen Windham ◽

Kunihiro Matsushita ◽

Elizabeth Selvin

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Older Adults ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Peripheral Neuropathy ◽

Population Based ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Adjusted Risk ◽

Black And White ◽

Artery Disease

AbstractPeripheral neuropathy is associated with substantial morbidity, but risk factors other than diabetes are largely uncharacterized. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence and risk factors for peripheral neuropathy in adults with and without diabetes from two different population-based studies in the US. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 5200 black and white participants from NHANES (1999–2004, age 40–85 years) and 3362 black and white participants from the ARIC Study (2016–2017, age 70–89 years) who underwent monofilament testing for peripheral neuropathy using a shared protocol. We used logistic regression to quantify age, sex, and race-adjusted risk factor associations for peripheral neuropathy among middle-aged (40–69 years) and older (≥ 70 years) adults. The age, sex, and race-adjusted prevalence of peripheral neuropathy (decreased sensation on monofilament testing) was 10.4% for middle-aged adults in NHANES, 26.8% for older adults in NHANES, and 39.2% for older adults in ARIC. Diabetes was an important risk factor, but more strongly associated with peripheral neuropathy in middle-aged (OR ~ 5 for long-standing diabetes) compared to older adults (ORs ~ 1.5–2). Male sex (ORs ~ 2), black race (ORs ~ 1.3–1.5), and greater height (ORs ~ 1.5–3) were robust risk factors for peripheral neuropathy. Other risk factors included body mass index, education, and peripheral artery disease. The burden of peripheral neuropathy defined by abnormal monofilament testing among older adults is substantial, even among adults without diabetes. Studies are needed to understand the etiology and prognosis of peripheral neuropathy in the absence of diabetes.

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Misuse of Aspirin and Associated Factors for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine ◽

10.3389/fcvm.2021.720113 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Yinong Chen ◽

Chun Yin ◽

Qing Li ◽

Luyao Yu ◽

Longyang Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Primary Prevention ◽

International Study ◽

Chinese Patients ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Elderly Age ◽

Clinical Trial Registration ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Factors Associated

Background: The value of aspirin for primary prevention continues to be debated. Data showing whether aspirin use for primary prevention adheres to established guidelines in real world practice are sparse.Methods: A total of 13,104 patients without cardiovascular diseases (CVD) were selected from the DYS-lipidemia International Study of China, a national survey of patients with dyslipidemia in 2012. The CVD risk of the participants were calculated using the 10-year risk of Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases model. The misuse of aspirin for primary prevention was defined as having CVD risk <10% with daily aspirin. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to explore risk factors associated with aspirin misuse.Results: The proportion of the patients categorized as low, moderate and high risk for CVD were 52.9, 21.6, and 25.4% respectively. The misuse frequency of aspirin was 31.0% (2,147/6,933) in patients with low risk. The misuse of aspirin increased with aging for both men and women. In the multivariate analysis, the independent risk factors associated with aspirin misuse were hypertension, diabetes mellitus, a family history of premature CVD, and elderly age. Level of total cholesterol is negatively associated with aspirin misuse. Patients from low level hospitals are more likely to be taking aspirin inappropriately. Results remained consistent after including 2,837 patients having 10-year risk for CVD between 10 and <20%.Conclusion: The misuse of aspirin for primary prevention is common in patients having CVD risk <10%. There are important opportunities to improve evidence-based aspirin use for the primary prevention of CVD in Chinese patients.Clinical Trial Registration:https://clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier [NCT01732952].

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