scholarly journals Stroke risk in arthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248564
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Wei Ma ◽  
Hua Liu ◽  
Chunyan Li ◽  
Yangwei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Traditional Risk Factor ◽  
Stroke Subtype ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Age And Sex

Background and objective Stroke is a major contributor to the global burden of disease. Although numerous modifiable risk factors (RF) for stroke have been identified, some remain unexplained. Increasing studies have investigated stroke risk in arthritis, but their results are inconsistent. We aimed to synthesize, quantify, and compare the risk of stroke for the major types of arthritis in cohort studies by using a systematic review and meta-analysis approach. Methods We searched Chinese and English databases to identify relevant studies from inception to April 30, 2020. Only studies adjusting at least for age and sex were included. We calculated pooled effect estimates for relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) and identified potential sources of heterogeneity and publication bias. Results A total of 1,348 articles were retrieved, and after an preliminary screening of titles and abstracts, 69 were reviewed for full text, and finally, 32 met the criteria for meta-analysis. Stroke risk in arthritis was significantly increased in studies adjusting for age and sex (RR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.27–1.46) and for at least one traditional risk factor (RR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.28–1.54). The results of studies stratified by stroke subtype were consistent with the main finding (ischemic stroke: RR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.32–1.78; hemorrhagic stroke: RR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.15–1.84). In subgroup analysis by arthritis type, stroke risk was significantly increased in rheumatoid arthritis (RR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.29–1.48), ankylosing spondylitis (RR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.25–1.77), psoriatic arthritis (RR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.22–1.45), and gout (RR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.13–1.73) but not osteoarthritis (RR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.91–1.16). Age and sex subgroup analyses indicated that stroke risk was similar by sex (women: RR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.31–1.66; men: RR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.28–1.61); risk was higher with younger age (<45 years) (RR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.17–1.82) than older age (≥65 years) (RR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.08–1.26). Conclusions Stroke risk was increased in multiple arthritis and similar between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Young patients with arthritis had the highest risk.

Abstract P320: Dairy Consumption and Risk of Stroke: A Systematic Review and Dose-response Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janette de Goede ◽  
Johanna M. Geleijnse ◽  
An Pan ◽  
Lieke Gijsbers ◽  
Sabita Soedamah-Muthu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
Dairy Consumption

Introduction: A higher milk consumption may be associated with a lower stroke risk. We conducted a comprehensive systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of milk and other dairy products with stroke risk. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that milk and possibly other types of dairy consumption were inversely associated with stroke risk. Methods: Through a systematic literature search prospective cohort studies of dairy foods and incident stroke in stroke-free adults were identified. Random-effects meta-analyses with summarized dose-response data were performed taking into account sources of heterogeneity and spline models were used to systematically investigate nonlinearity of the associations. Results: We included 17 studies with 10-26 years of follow-up that included 675,389 individuals and 28,912 stroke events. An increment of 200 gram of daily milk intake was associated with a 7% lower risk of stroke (RR 0.93; 95% CI 0.88-0.97; P=0.003; I2=85%). RRs were 0.82 (95% CI 0.75-0.90) in East Asian and 0.98 (95% CI 0.96-1.01) in Western countries (median intakes 38 and 266 g/d respectively) with moderate heterogeneity within the continents. Cheese intake was marginally inversely associated with stroke risk (RR 0.97; 95% CI 0.94-1.01 per 40 g/d). Risk reductions were maximal around 125 g/d for milk and from 25 g/d onwards for cheese. Based on a limited number of studies, low-fat milk was inversely and high-fat milk directly associated with stroke risk. No associations were found for yogurt, butter or total dairy. Conclusions: Milk and cheese consumption were inversely associated with stroke risk. Future epidemiological studies should provide more details about dairy types, including fat content. In addition, the role of dairy in Asian populations deserves further attention.

scholarly journals Association of Diabetic Retinopathy With Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiyan Hu ◽  
Mengyao Jiang ◽  
Qi Zhou ◽  
Weiting Zeng ◽  
Xuhong Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: The population-based studies conducted thus far do not provide conclusive evidence of the link between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and stroke. The aim of the present systematic review was to determine whether DR is specifically associated with stroke.Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched from their inception to July 31, 2020. All cohort studies that reported associations between the presence of DR and incident stroke were included. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs), pooled risk ratios (RRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.Results: The meta-analysis included 19 cohort studies involving 81,452 diabetic patients. The pooled effect size of any DR related to stroke was 1.25 for HR (95% CI: 1.12–1.39; P &lt; 0.0001) and 1.96 for RR (95% CI: 1.60–2.39; P &lt; 0.0001). Subgroup analysis for the type of diabetes yielded pooled HR of 1.29 (95% CI: 1.10–1.50; P = 0.001) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The pooled RR was 2.29 (95% CI: 1.77–2.96; P &lt; 0.0001) in patients with T2DM. Two studies addressed the DR-related stroke among type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients. One study found a significant association between DR and stroke (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.1–2.3; P &lt; 0.01), while the other did not identify an association between these two conditions (RR: 1.40; 95% CI: 0.62–2.18; P = 0.178).Conclusions: The presence of DR is associated with an increased risk of stroke in diabetic patients. This correlation is robust in T2DM patients but uncertain in T1DM patients. Our findings indicate that DR is an important biomarker for the prediction of stroke. To further validate the role of DR in stroke-risk stratification, additional research is required on the association between the stage of DR and stroke risk, and more studies including T1DM patients are necessary.

scholarly journals Coffee consumption and the risk of cerebrovascular disease: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

BMC Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lung Chan ◽  
Chien-Tai Hong ◽  
Chyi-Huey Bai
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies

Abstract Background Stroke is a crucial health threat to adults worldwide. Despite extensive knowledge of risk-factor mitigation, no primary prevention exists for healthy people. Coffee is a widely consumed beverage globally. Health benefit of coffee for several neurological diseases has been identified; however, the association between stroke risk and coffee consumption in healthy people has not been determined. We investigated the effect of coffee on stroke risk by conducting a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Methods Electronic databases, namely PubMed, BioMed Central, Medline, and Google Scholar, were searched using terms related to stroke and coffee. Articles that described clear diagnostic criteria for stroke and details on coffee consumption were included. The reference lists of relevant articles were reviewed to identify eligible studies not shortlisted using these terms. Enrolled studies were grouped into three outcome categories: overall stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, and ischemic stroke. Results Seven studies were included and all of them were large-scale, long-term, follow-up cohort studies of a healthy population. Upon comparing the least-coffee-consuming groups from each study, the meta-analysis revealed a reduction in the risk of overall stroke during follow-up (hazard ratio [HR] for overall stroke = 0.922, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.855–0.994, P = 0.035). In studies with a clear definition of hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke, coffee consumption reduced the risk of ischemic stroke more robustly than that of hemorrhagic stroke (hemorrhagic, HR = 0.895, 95% CI = 0.824–0.972, P = .008; ischemic, HR = 0.834, 95% CI = 0.739–0.876, P < .001). No obvious dose-dependent or U-shaped effect was observed. Conclusions Coffee consumption reduces the risk of overall stroke, especially ischemic stroke. Further investigation is required to identify beneficial components in coffee, including caffeine and phenolic acids, to develop preventive medication for stroke.

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Stroke risk following traumatic brain injury: systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 174749302110042
Author(s):  
Grace Mary Turner ◽  
Christel McMullan ◽  
Olalekan Lee Aiyegbusi ◽  
Danai Bem ◽  
Tom Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vitamin K Antagonists ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Aims To investigate the association between TBI and stroke risk. Summary of review We undertook a systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library from inception to 4th December 2020. We used random-effects meta-analysis to pool hazard ratios (HR) for studies which reported stroke risk post-TBI compared to controls. Searches identified 10,501 records; 58 full texts were assessed for eligibility and 18 met the inclusion criteria. The review included a large sample size of 2,606,379 participants from four countries. Six studies included a non-TBI control group, all found TBI patients had significantly increased risk of stroke compared to controls (pooled HR 1.86; 95% CI 1.46-2.37). Findings suggest stroke risk may be highest in the first four months post-TBI, but remains significant up to five years post-TBI. TBI appears to be associated with increased stroke risk regardless of severity or subtype of TBI. There was some evidence to suggest an association between reduced stroke risk post-TBI and Vitamin K antagonists and statins, but increased stroke risk with certain classes of antidepressants. Conclusion TBI is an independent risk factor for stroke, regardless of TBI severity or type. Post-TBI review and management of risk factors for stroke may be warranted.

scholarly journals Non-autoimmune diabetes mellitus and the risk of virus infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Lontchi-Yimagou ◽  
Charly Feutseu ◽  
Sebastien Kenmoe ◽  
Alexandra Lindsey Djomkam Zune ◽  
Solange Fai Kinyuy Ekali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
Autoimmune Diabetes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Autoimmune Diabetes Mellitus

AbstractA significant number of studies invoked diabetes as a risk factor for virus infections, but the issue remains controversial. We aimed to examine whether non-autoimmune diabetes mellitus enhances the risk of virus infections compared with the risk in healthy individuals without non-autoimmune diabetes mellitus. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we assessed case-control and cohort studies on the association between non-autoimmune diabetes and viruses. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science with no language restriction, to identify articles published until February 15, 2021. The main outcome assessment was the risk of virus infection in individuals with non-autoimmune diabetes. We used a random-effects model to pool individual studies and assessed heterogeneity (I2) using the χ2 test on Cochrane’s Q statistic. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42019134142. Out of 3136 articles identified, we included 68 articles (90 studies, as the number of virus and or diabetes phenotype varied between included articles). The summary OR between non-autoimmune diabetes and virus infections risk were, 10.8(95% CI: 10.3–11.4; 1-study) for SARS-CoV-2; 3.6(95%CI: 2.7–4.9, I2 = 91.7%; 43-studies) for HCV; 2.7(95% CI: 1.3–5.4, I2 = 89.9%, 8-studies;) for HHV8; 2.1(95% CI: 1.7–2.5; 1-study) for H1N1 virus; 1.6(95% CI: 1.2–2.13, I2 = 98.3%, 27-studies) for HBV; 1.5(95% CI: 1.1–2.0; 1-study) for HSV1; 3.5(95% CI: 0.6–18.3 , I2 = 83.9%, 5-studies) for CMV; 2.9(95% CI: 1–8.7, 1-study) for TTV; 2.6(95% CI: 0.7–9.1, 1-study) for Parvovirus B19; 0.7(95% CI: 0.3–1.5 , 1-study) for coxsackie B virus; and 0.2(95% CI: 0–6.2; 1-study) for HGV. Our findings suggest that, non-autoimmune diabetes is associated with increased susceptibility to viruses especially SARS-CoV-2, HCV, HHV8, H1N1 virus, HBV and HSV1. Thus, these viruses deserve more attention from diabetes health-care providers, researchers, policy makers, and stakeholders for improved detection, overall proper management, and efficient control of viruses in people with non-autoimmune diabetes.

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