scholarly journals Descriptive study of cattle and dog rabies cases in the Sheki-Zagatala region of Azerbaijan (2015–2016): Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of people towards rabies

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0248572
Author(s):  
Eldar Hasanov ◽  
Aytan Garayusifova ◽  
Eric Jon Tongren ◽  
Marika Geleishvili
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Educational Programming ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Preventive Vaccination ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Control Study

Every year, rabies causes great damage to human health and the economy of countries around the world. This neurotropic and zoonotic viral disease is endemic to Azerbaijan. This study describes cattle and dog rabies cases identified between 2015 and 2016. In addition, a questionnaire was administered to 100 respondents comprised of case owners, and non-case animal owners, to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices within this population. The study demonstrates a general lack of knowledge of rabies in the participating communities. The majority of respondents were familiar with rabies and understood that animal bites are a source of transmission. However, many respondents did not know that rabies is preventable and admitted not knowing additional routes of transmission. In addition, there was less perceived risk with contact with animal saliva. Despite free vaccinations in Azerbaijan, only 27 out of 45 dogs in this study were vaccinated. Although educational programming and preventive vaccination of dogs has been implemented, and significant progress has been made in the sphere of epidemiological surveillance and prevention, rabies cases remain problematic in the Sheki-Zagatala region. Regular educational programs for communities, strengthening of the existing vaccination programs, and a comprehensive epidemiological case-control study to identify the disease risk factors could help reduce the burden of rabies in Azerbaijan.

scholarly journals MALARIA AND OFFICIER'S PHARMACISTS OF BAMAKO, MALI: KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND, PRACTICES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tidiane Diallo ◽  
Adama Denou ◽  
BF Coulibaly ◽  
Blaise Dakouo ◽  
B Coulibaly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Policy ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Policy Document ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Mosquito Nets ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Goal: The objective of our study was to assess the evolution of the knowledge and behavior of pharmacy pharmacists in the fight against malaria with a view to involving officer's pharmacists in the fight against malaria.Method: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study that took place in two phases in the private dispensaries of the Bamako district of Mali. The first phase of the study (initial investigation) took place from April to May 2014 and covered 55 pharmacists from communes III and VI in Bamako. The second phase (monitoring) took place from November 2014 to November 2015, after training of all dispensary pharmacists in the Bamako district in accordance with the PNLP guidelines, which concerned all pharmacists in the Bamako district.Result: This revealed that some indicators are significantly improved: possession of a national policy document; Knowledge of drugs recommended for simple malaria; Practice and sale of rapid diagnostic tests for malaria. Other indicators have increased: availability of ACTs; Sale of insecticide-treated mosquito nets; Behavior before a suspicion of simple malaria; Behavior before suspicion of severe malaria.Conclusion: Thus, an involvement of officer pharmacists in malaria epidemiological surveillance can significantly reduce malaria morbidity and mortality. We recommend to the pharmacists the dispensation of the antimalaria ones according to the recommendations of the national program of fight against the malaria.

scholarly journals Risk Perception and Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Against COVID-19 in a Hypertensive Population From a Semi-Urban City of Ecuador

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Aumala ◽  
Maria Cardenas ◽  
Daniel Vergara ◽  
Monserrate Vasconez ◽  
Ivan Palacios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Telephone Surveys ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Urban City ◽  
Previous Diagnosis ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Very High

Background: In an elderly population with hypertension, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is associated with a higher incidence of mortality and a protracted course of clinical symptoms.Objective: To assess the perceived risk of infection and complications due to COVID-19 in people with hypertension living in a semi-urban city of Ecuador.Methods: A cross-sectional telephone survey of adult outpatients with a previous diagnosis of hypertension in the semi-urban community of Conocoto in Quito, Ecuador was conducted from August to December 2020.Results: A total of 260 adult outpatients, aged 34–97 years, completed telephone surveys. Of total, 71.5% (n = 186) of respondents were women and 28.5% (n = 74) of respondents were men. Overall, 18.1% believe that their risk of infection is “very high,” 55.4% believe that their risk of infection is “high,” 21.5% believe that their risk of infection is “low,” and 5% believe that their risk of infection is “very low.” The perceived risk of complications, if infected by COVID-19, revealed that 21.9% believe that their risk of complication is “very high,” 65.0% believe that their risk of complication is “high,” 10.4% believe that their risk of complication is “low,” and 2.7% believe that their risk of complication is “very low.”Conclusion: Patients with hypertension are aware of the risks posed by COVID-19 infection and its impact on their health. However, the health system must educate the population on health practices and behaviors to avoid COVID-19 infection until the majority of the population of Ecuador can be vaccinated.

Misconceptions about HIV infection in Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of Congo): a case–control study on knowledge, attitudes and practices: Table 1

2014 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 334-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Carlos ◽  
Miguel Ángel Martínez-González ◽  
Eduardo Burgueño ◽  
Cristina López-del Burgo ◽  
Miguel Ruíz-Canela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Republic Of Congo ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to anthrax and animal care: A case-control study in Georgia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. e0224176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita M. Traxler ◽  
Tsira Napetvaridze ◽  
Zviad Asanishvili ◽  
Marika Geleishvili ◽  
Ketevan Rukhadze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Animal Care ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals The Demography, Health Status and Public Attitude of Owned Dog In Bharatpur Metropolitan City

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
Prem Lal Mahato ◽  
Milan Kandel ◽  
Shrijana Khanal ◽  
Deepak Subedi ◽  
Bishnu K.C ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Control ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Vaccination Schedule ◽  
German Shepherd ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Metropolitan City ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Dog play an important role as companion and guard animal. In Nepal, most dogs are free to roam and only few of household keep the dog as owned-dog. This study was carried out at Bharatpur Metropolitan City, Chitwan where 95 dogs owned families who owned 119 dogs were purposively surveyed with well-structured pretested questionnaire to collect baseline data on owned dog demographics, assess knowledge, attitudes and practices of dog owners concerning dogs. In the study, the sex ratio was found 1:1 in the population. Median age of population was found to be 2.5 years and range from 1 month to 12 year. Respondents showed no any specific preference for keeping dogs i.e. 39.5% for male, 23.5% for female and while 37%   does not concern about the sex and most animals were kept for companionship (52.9%). Of those surveyed mixed dogs, of no definable cross, were most common, followed by Japanese Spitz (23.5%) and German shepherd (11.8%). Results show that 92.1% of respondent have knowledge on vaccination schedule while 94% of dog were vaccinated and 82.4% dog were routinely de-wormed. Study findings revealed that majority owner reported the dog  were not facing any major problem (84.9%) while some are facing ecto-parasite problem ( 7.5 %)  followed by dermatological problem (2.5%), endo-parasite problem (2.4%) and viral disease (1.6%). Among the total population only in 15.1% neutering was done  Thus, based on the findings of present study, it is concluded that focus should be given to animal birth control program (ABC) while developing health management strategies. Meanwhile, further study covering wider geography and considering the major risk factors is recommended. Keywords:  Animal Birth Control (ABC); Disease; Dog and Vaccination Schedule

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward COVID-19: a cross-sectional study in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minjung Lee ◽  
Bee-Ah Kang ◽  
Myoungsoon You
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Preventive Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Efficacy Belief ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Abstract Background The public must routinely practice precautionary behaviors to control the spread of COVID-19, as no vaccines and antiviral treatments are currently available. This paper examines the public’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to COVID-19 and their relationships and identified the pandemic’s vulnerable populations to provide recommendations for behavioral interventions and policies. Methods Data collection took place over 3 days (June 26–29) via an online survey 5 months after the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) confirmed the first COVID case in South Korea; 970 subjects were included in the statistical data analysis. Results Knowledge directly affected both attitudes (e.g., perceived risk and efficacy belief) and practices (e.g., personal hygiene practices and social distancing). Among the influencing factors of COVID-19 preventive behaviors, efficacy belief was the most influential and significant practice factor. It mediated the relationship between knowledge and all three preventive behaviors (wearing facial masks, practicing hand hygiene, and avoiding crowded places). The level of knowledge varied by sociodemographic characteristics. Females (β = 0.06, p <  0.05) and individuals with higher levels of education (β = 0.06, p <  0.05) demonstrated higher levels of knowledge. Conclusion To increase precautionary behaviors among the public, health officials and policymakers must promote knowledge and efficacy belief. Future interventions and policies should also be developed in a ‘person-centered’ approach, targeting vulnerable subgroups, embracing them, and closing the gap of KAP toward COVID-19.

scholarly journals Rabies post-exposure healthcare-seeking behaviors and perceptions: Results from a knowledge, attitudes, and practices survey, Uganda, 2013

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0251702
Author(s):  
Sarah C. Bonaparte ◽  
Laura Adams ◽  
Barnabas Bakamutumaho ◽  
Galileu Barbosa Costa ◽  
Julie M. Cleaton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Survey Respondent ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Disease Response ◽  
Healthcare Seeking ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Rabies Exposure ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Background Rabies is a viral disease of animals and people causing fatal encephalomyelitis if left untreated. Although effective pre- and post-exposure vaccines exist, they are not widely available in many endemic countries within Africa. Since many individuals in these countries remain at risk of infection, post-exposure healthcare-seeking behaviors are crucial in preventing infection and warrant examination. Methodology A rabies knowledge, attitudes, and practices survey was conducted at 24 geographically diverse sites in Uganda during 2013 to capture information on knowledge concerning the disease, response to potential exposure events, and vaccination practices. Characteristics of the surveyed population and of the canine-bite victim sub-population were described. Post-exposure healthcare-seeking behaviors of canine-bite victims were examined and compared to the related healthcare-seeking attitudes of non-bite victim respondents. Wealth scores were calculated for each household, rabies knowledge was scored for each non-bitten survey respondent, and rabies exposure risk was scored for each bite victim. Logistic regression was used to determine the independent associations between different variables and healthcare-seeking behaviors among canine-bite victims as well as attitudes of non-bitten study respondents. Results A total of 798 households were interviewed, capturing 100 canine-bite victims and a bite incidence of 2.3 per 100 person-years. Over half of bite victims actively sought medical treatment (56%), though very few received rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (3%). Bite victims who did not know or report the closest location where PEP could be received were less likely to seek medical care (p = 0.05). Respondents who did not report having been bitten by a dog with higher knowledge scores were more likely to respond that they would both seek medical care (p = 0.00) and receive PEP (p = 0.06) after a potential rabies exposure event. Conclusions There was varying discordance between what respondents who did not report having been bitten by a dog said they would do if bitten by a dog when compared to the behaviors exhibited by canine-bite victims captured in the KAP survey. Bite victims seldom elected to wash their wound or receive PEP. Having lower rabies knowledge was a barrier to theoretically seeking care and receiving PEP among not bitten respondents, indicating a need for effective and robust educational programs in the country.

scholarly journals Association Between Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) Towards The COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study in South Korea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minjung Lee ◽  
Bee-Ah Kang ◽  
Myoungsoon You
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Efficacy Belief ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Abstract Background It is imperative for the public to routinely practice precautionary behaviors to contain transmission of COVID-19, as no vaccines and anti-viral treatments are available. This paper attempts to examine knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to COVID-19, and the relationship between them and identification of the vulnerable population.Methods The data collection took place over three days (June 26–29) through an online survey five months after the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) confirmed the first case in South Korea; 970 subjects were included in the analysis.Results The level of knowledge, attitude and practice were examined. Knowledge directly affected both attitude (e.g., perceived risk and efficacy belief) and practice (e.g., preventive measures and social distancing). Among the influencing factors, efficacy belief turns out to be the most effective and significant factor on practice and also mediated the relationship between knowledge and all three preventive behaviors (wearing facial masks, practicing hand hygiene, and avoiding crowded places). Knowledge level varied by sociodemographic characteristics. Females (β = 0.06, p < 0.05) and individuals with higher level of education (β = 0.06, p < 0.05) had higher knowledge.Conclusion To successfully increase precautionary behaviors among the public, public health officials and policy makers must promote knowledge and efficacy belief. Also, the consequent interventions and policies should be developed and implemented in a way they reduce, rather than reinforce, health disparities, by embracing vulnerable populations to COVID-19.

scholarly journals Development and evaluation of a digital, community-based intervention to reduce noncommunicable disease risk in a low-resource urban setting in Malaysia: a research protocol

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishu Kataria ◽  
Carrie Ngongo ◽  
Shiang Cheng Lim ◽  
Erica Kocher ◽  
Paul Kowal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Noncommunicable Disease ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Community Health Volunteers ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Obesogenic Environments

Abstract Background Noncommunicable disease burden is rising in Malaysia, accounting for 72% of all deaths. Urbanization and globalization have contributed to changing patterns of diet and physical activity, creating an obesogenic environment that increases noncommunicable disease risk, especially in low-income populations. Community-based and technological interventions can play an important role in addressing structural determinants that influence noncommunicable disease burden. The Better Health Programme Malaysia aims to co-create and develop a community-based digital intervention for low-income populations to enable community stakeholders to address obesogenic environments and improve people’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to noncommunicable disease risk. Methods This quasi-experimental study will assess community member and community health volunteer knowledge, attitudes, and practices on noncommunicable disease prevention, risk factors, and health-seeking behavior in three geographical areas of Kuala Lumpur, each representing a different ethnicity (Malay, Indian, and Chinese). Assessment will take place before and after a 9-month intervention period, comparing intervention areas with matched control geographies. We plan to engage 2880 community members and 45 community health volunteers across the six geographic areas. A digital health needs assessment will inform modification of digital health tools to support project aims. Intervention co-creation will use a discrete choice experiment to identify community preferences among evidence-based intervention options, building from data collected on community knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Community health volunteers will work with local businesses and other stakeholders to effect change in obesogenic environments and NCD risk. The study has been approved by the Malaysian Ministry of Health Medical Research Ethical Committee. Discussion The Better Health Programme Malaysia anticipates a bottom-up approach that relies on community health volunteers collaborating with local businesses to implement activities that address obesogenic environments and improve community knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to NCD risk. The planned co-creation process will determine which interventions will be most locally relevant, feasible, and needed. The effort aims to empower community members and community health volunteers to drive change that improves their own health and wellbeing. The learnings can be useful nationally and sub-nationally in Malaysia, as well as across similar settings that are working with community stakeholders to reduce noncommunicable disease risk. Trial registration National Medical Research Register, Malaysia; NMRR-20-1004-54787 (IIR); July 7, 2020

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