scholarly journals Antimicrobial activities of Bacillus velezensis strains isolated from stingless bee products against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251514
Author(s):  
Mohamad Malik Al-adil Baharudin ◽  
Mohamad Syazwan Ngalimat ◽  
Fairolniza Mohd Shariff ◽  
Zetty Norhana Balia Yusof ◽  
Murni Karim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Bacillus Velezensis ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

Infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have reached epidemic proportions globally. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a continuous supply of antibiotics to combat the problem. In this study, bacteria initially identified as species belonging to the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens operational group were re-identified based on the housekeeping gene, gyrB. Cell-free supernatants (CFS) from the strains were used for antimicrobial tests using the agar well diffusion assay against MRSA and various types of pathogenic bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and physicochemical characteristics of the CFS were determined. Based on gyrB sequence analysis, five strains (PD9, B7, PU1, BP1 and L9) were identified as Bacillus velezensis. The CFS of all B. velezensis strains showed broad inhibitory activities against Gram-negative and -positive as well as MRSA strains. Strain PD9 against MRSA ATCC 33742 was chosen for further analysis as it showed the biggest zone of inhibition (21.0 ± 0.4 mm). The MIC and MBC values obtained were 125 μl/ml. The crude antimicrobial extract showed bactericidal activity and was stable at various temperatures (40–80°C), pH (4–12), surfactants (Tween 20, Tween 80, SDS and Triton X-100) and metal ions (MgCI2, NaCI2, ZnNO3 and CuSO4) when tested. However, the crude extract was not stable when treated with proteinase K. All these properties resembled the characteristics of peptides. The antimicrobial compound from the selected strain was purified by using solvent extraction method and silica gel column chromatography. The purified compound was subjected to High Performance Liquid Chromatography which resulted in a single peak of the anti-MRSA compound being detected. The molecular weight of the anti-MRSA compound was determined by using SDS-PAGE and zymogram. The size of the purified antimicrobial peptide was approximately ~ 5 kDa. The antimicrobial peptide produced from B. velezensis strain PD9 is a promising alternative to combat the spread of MRSA infections in the future.

scholarly journals Promising Antibiofilm Agents: Recent Breakthrough against Biofilm Producing Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa I. Abd El-Hamid ◽  
El-sayed Y. El-Naenaeey ◽  
Toka M kandeel ◽  
Wael A. H. Hegazy ◽  
Rasha A. Mosbah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Antibiofilm Agents

Multidrug resistant (MDR) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a superbug pathogen that causes serious diseases. One of the main reasons for the lack of the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy against infections caused by this resistant pathogen is the recalcitrant nature of MRSA biofilms, which results in an increasingly serious situation worldwide. Consequently, the development of innovative biofilm inhibitors is urgently needed to control the biofilm formation by this pathogen. In this work, we thus sought to evaluate the biofilm inhibiting ability of some promising antibiofilm agents such as zinc oxide nanoparticles (Zno NPs), proteinase K, and hamamelitannin (HAM) in managing the MRSA biofilms. Different phenotypic and genotypic methods were used to identify the biofilm producing MDR MRSA isolates and the antibiofilm/antimicrobial activities of the used promising agents. Our study demonstrated strong antibiofilm activities of ZnO NPs, proteinase K, and HAM against MRSA biofilms along with their transcriptional modulation of biofilm (intercellular adhesion A, icaA) and quorum sensing (QS) (agr) genes. Interestingly, only ZnO NPs showed a powerful antimicrobial activity against this pathogen. Collectively, we observed overall positive correlations between the biofilm production and the antimicrobial resistance/agr genotypes II and IV. Meanwhile, there was no significant correlation between the toxin genes and the biofilm production. The ZnO NPs were recommended to be used alone as potent antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents against MDR MRSA and their biofilm-associated diseases. On the other hand, proteinase-K and HAM can be co-administrated with other antimicrobial agents to manage such types of infections.

scholarly journals Use of the Antimicrobial Peptide Pardaxin (GE33) To Protect against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection in Mice with Skin Injuries

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 1538-1545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han-Ning Huang ◽  
Chieh-Yu Pan ◽  
Yi-Lin Chan ◽  
Jyh-Yih Chen ◽  
Chang-Jer Wu
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Antimicrobial Function ◽  
Monocytes And Macrophages ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

ABSTRACTAntimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have recently been determined to be potential candidates for treating drug-resistant bacterial infections. Pardaxin (GE33), a marine antimicrobial peptide, has been reported to possess antimicrobial function. In this study, we investigated whether pardaxin promoted healing of contaminated wounds in mice. One square centimeter of outer skin was excised from the ventral region of mice, and a lethal dose of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) was applied in the presence or absence of methicillin, vancomycin, or pardaxin. While untreated mice and mice treated with methicillin died within 3 days, mice treated with pardaxin survived infection. Pardaxin decreased MRSA bacterial counts in the wounded region and also enhanced wound closure. Reepithelialization and dermal maturation were also faster in mice treated with pardaxin than in mice treated with vancomycin. In addition, pardaxin treatment controlled excess recruitment of monocytes and macrophages and increased the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In conclusion, these results suggest that pardaxin is capable of enhancing wound healing. Furthermore, this study provides an excellent platform for comparing the antimicrobial activities of peptide and nonpeptide antibiotics.

Purification of a Bacteriocin from Lactobacillus plantarum ZJ217 Active Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Zhu ◽  
Lei Shen ◽  
Jiao Liu ◽  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Qing Gu
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Heat Stability ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Gel Chromatography ◽  
Potassium Efflux ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
C 30

Abstract Plantaricin ZJ217 was continually purified by XAD 1180, cation exchange chromatography, gel chromatography, and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system. The peptide functioned as bactericidal, but did not lead to lysis of cells. Considering the potassium efflux experiment, pores may be formed in the surface of cell membrane. Fifteen of twenty amino acids identified by Edman degradation indicated that it may be a novel bacteriocin as no bacteriocin shared similar sequences. This bacteriocin exhibited strong heat stability (121°C, 30 min) and pH stability (pH 2.0–6.0). It was sensitive to proteinase K, trypsin, papain, and pepsin. This bacteriocin inhibited growth of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and other bacteria.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES AND INTERACTION EFFECTS OF VIETNAMESE LITSEA CUBEBA (LOUR.) PERS ESSENTIAL OIL AND ITS ENDOPHYTIC ACTINOBACTERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (4A) ◽  
pp. 234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Hai Van
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Litsea Cubeba

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers (L. cubeba) essential oil and its endophytic actinobacterial crude extracts (EACE) against pathogenic bacteria in individual and in combination. Using the broth micro-dilution assay, the results indicated that both L. cubeba essential oil and its EACE showed inhibition effect against Aeromonas hydrophila ATCC 35654, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus cereus ATCC 13061, and drug resistant strains such as: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) ATCC 35984 and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ATCC 33591. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of L. cubeba essential oil and its AECE were from 3.13 to 6.25 µl ml-1 and 50.0 to 333.3 µl ml-1 respectively. From the indices of fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) of the combination of L. cubeba essential oil and its EACE, the synergistic effects were found against E. coli, S. aureus, B. cereus and MRSE. The combination treatment of L. cubeba essential oil and its EACE enhance the inhibition effect against food-borne bacteria 16 times comparing with individual treatment.

scholarly journals In VitroActivities of Daptomycin-, Vancomycin-, and Teicoplanin-Loaded Polymethylmethacrylate against Methicillin-Susceptible, Methicillin-Resistant, and Vancomycin-Intermediate Strains of Staphylococcus aureus

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 5480-5484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhan Chang ◽  
Wen-Chien Chen ◽  
Pang-Hsin Hsieh ◽  
Dave W. Chen ◽  
Mel S. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Bone Cements ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effects of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cements loaded with daptomycin, vancomycin, and teicoplanin against methicillin-susceptibleStaphylococcus aureus(MSSA), methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA), and vancomycin-intermediateStaphylococcus aureus(VISA) strains. Standardized cement specimens made from 40 g PMMA loaded with 1 g (low-dose), 4 g (middle-dose) or 8 g (high-dose) antibiotics were tested for elution characteristics and antibacterial activities. The patterns of release of antibiotics from the cement specimens were evaluated usingin vitrobroth elution assay with high-performance liquid chromatography. The activities of broth elution fluid against differentStaphylococcus aureusstrains (MSSA, MRSA, and VISA) were then determined. The antibacterial activities of all the tested antibiotics were maintained after being mixed with PMMA. The cements loaded with higher dosages of antibiotics showed longer elution periods. Regardless of the antibiotic loading dose, the teicoplanin-loaded cements showed better elution efficacy and provided longer inhibitory periods against MSSA, MRSA, and VISA than cements loaded with the same dose of vancomycin or daptomycin. Regarding the choice of antibiotics for cement loading in the treatment ofStaphylococcus aureusinfection, teicoplanin was superior in terms of antibacterial effects.

scholarly journals Antagonism between Aminoglycosides and β-Lactams in a Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolate Involves Induction of an Aminoglycoside-Modifying Enzyme

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 1516-1521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Ida ◽  
Ryoichi Okamoto ◽  
Masato Nonoyama ◽  
Kazuhiko Irinoda ◽  
Mizuyo Kurazono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Hybrid Structure ◽  
Conjugative Plasmid ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Aureus Isolate

ABSTRACT We encountered three clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus which were susceptible to netilmicin and arbekacin in the absence of β-lactam antibiotics but which were resistant to them in the presence of β-lactam antibiotics. One of these strains, KU5801, was used to further investigate the antagonism between aminoglycosides and β-lactam antibiotics. β-Lactam antibiotics induced bacterial synthesis of aminoglycoside-6′-N-acetyltransferase and 2"-O-phosphotransferase [AAC(6′)-APH(2")] in association with decreased antimicrobial activities of aminoglycosides. A 14.4-kb EcoRI fragment that included the genes that control for β-lactam-inducible aminoglycoside resistance was cloned from a 31-kb conjugative plasmid present in KU5801. Restriction fragment mapping and PCR analysis suggested that a Tn4001-like element containing a gene encoding AAC(6′)-APH(2") was located downstream from a truncated blaZ gene. The DNA sequence between blaR1 and a Tn4001-like element was determined. The Tn4001-IS257 hybrid structure was cointegrated into the blaZ gene, and the typical sequences for the termination of transcription were not found between these regions. We deduced that antagonism of aminoglycosides by β-lactam antibiotics in isolate KU5801 involved transcription of the aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2")-Ia gene under the influence of the system regulating penicillinase production.

scholarly journals Novel antimicrobial peptide–modified azithromycin-loaded liposomes against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2016 ◽  
Vol Volume 11 ◽  
pp. 6781-6794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowei Liu ◽  
Zhan Li ◽  
Xiaodong Wang ◽  
Yujuan Chen ◽  
Fengbo Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

scholarly journals Sore Throat and Methicllin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Positive Pharyngo-Tonsillitis in a Tertiary Hospital

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-181
Author(s):  
Md Abdus Salam ◽  
Md Mahabub Alom ◽  
Md Sultan Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Sore Throat ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Throat Swab ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

Background: Antimicrobial resistance in health care-associated pathogens is a growing concern for healthcare and for public health. In response to these concerns, medical experts, professional societies and agencies, such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP), have proposed initiatives to curtail the spread of antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic bacteria. Objectives: The purpose of the study was to observe the disease pattern and demographic characteristics of patient attending at the outpatient department of Otolaryngology in a tertiary care hospital suffering from sore throat and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) positive pharyngo-tonsillitis. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study carried out at the outpatient department of Otolaryngology in Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College and Hospital for the period of January, 2016 to December, 2017. Data were collected based on history, clinical examinations and culture and sensitivity report of throat swab of the patients. Result: A total of 339 patients were studied of which 49.56% were male and 50.44% were female. The mean age was 30 years; maximum patient (36.28%) belongs to 21-30 years of age. Maximum patient (76%) were come from out of Sirajganj district specially North Bengal. Regarding result of throat swab of C/S 58.11% patients were MRSA positive, 26.84% patients were MRSA negative and15.04% patients has no growth. Conclusion: It is illogical to treat all sore throats with antibiotics. A large scale multi-center study should be performed in the country. A uniform data system should be constructed for Chronic Pharyngo-tonsillitis caused by Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Bangladesh. KYAMC Journal Vol. 9, No.-4, January 2019, Page 177-181

scholarly journals Trends in antibiotic resistance patterns of methicillin resistant and methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus in Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College Hospital

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Akhtar Ahmed ◽  
Md Abdus Salam ◽  
Md Shakhaowat Hossain ◽  
Md Babul Aktar ◽  
Nusrat Akhtar Juyee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Background: Antimicrobial resistance in pathogens is a growing concern for health. It is a great concern around the globe about the threat of increasing antimicrobial resistance. In response to this concerns, medical experts have proposed initiatives to curtail the spread of antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic bacteria. We have taken this surveillance study in KYAMCH to contain the spread of antimicrobial resistance.Objectives: To determine the prevalence of MRSA from different clinical samples and to record its current status to commonly used anti Staphylococcus antibiotics.Methods: The clinical samples were taken to the laboratory and within four hours cultured for isolates and identification pathogens. Finally, antibiotic sensitivity testing of the isolated Staphylococcus aureus was performed. Results: More than 80% of MRSA isolates were resistant to ampicillin (98%) followed by amoxicillin, cefixime and azithromycin with 94%, 93.5% and 85% respectively and maximum sensitivity toward tobramycin with 86% followed by 85% gentamicin and 79% meropenem.Conclusion: The detected trend in antibiotic resistance patterns of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus in this study is alarming. This has created a huge clinical burden in the hospital settings as well as in the community.KYAMC Journal Vol. 9, No.-1, April 2018, Page 6-10

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