scholarly journals Maternal Risk Factors for Potential Maltreatment Deaths Among Healthy Singleton and Twin Infants

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 778-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Luke ◽  
Morton B. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Birth Certificate ◽  
The Body ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Risk Of Death

AbstractOur aim was to evaluate the risk of death among healthy infants due to maltreatment, using national linked vital statistics data. The study population included all nonanomalous, full-term (≥ 37 weeks), non-low birthweight (> 2500 grams) infants born between 1995 and 2000 and their linked death certificates: 18,673,439 singleton pregnancies (36,864 deaths) and 77,800 twin pregnancies (356 pregnancies with a death). The underlying cause of death was characterized as due to maltreatment, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), and other causes, based on ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes, and modeled by maternal age using multinomial logistic regression; mothers aged 25 to 29 were the reference group. The highest risk for infant mortality was among the youngest mothers for maltreatment (AOR 2.45 and 1.95 for singleton mothers < 20 and aged 20 to 24, respectively; AOR 4.34 and 2.25 for twin mothers < 20 and aged 20 to 24, respectively). The risk of death overall and for each category was modeled by maternal age < 20, aged 20 to 24, and ≥ 25, with and without the father's age present on the birth certificate, with mothers ≥ 25 and father's age present as the reference group. All risks of death were significantly increased for mothers younger than age 25, with the highest risks among the youngest mothers and missing father's age. The pattern for twins was similar, with elevated risks among younger mothers with or without father's age present on the birth certificate. These results add to the body of knowledge regarding risk factors for infant mortality among healthy singletons and twins.

scholarly journals DATA LINKAGE FOR EVALUATING MATERNAL INFLUENCES ON INFANT MORTALITY AND MALTREATMENT IN CANADA

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. e4-e4
Author(s):  
Jennifer Smith ◽  
Astrid Guttmann ◽  
Alexander Kopp ◽  
Michelle Shouldice ◽  
Katie Harron
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Maternal Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Young Maternal Age

Abstract BACKGROUND A number of social risk factors are reported to increase infant mortality rates and child maltreatment. Public health programs attempt to mitigate risk factors and improve outcomes for infants. This study aimed to explore the association of exposure factors in mothers with infant mortality and maltreatment in Ontario. OBJECTIVES Objectives for this study included: 1. Describe prevalence of infant mortality and maltreatment in Ontario. 2. Explore how maternal risk factors influence infant mortality and maltreatment. DESIGN/METHODS This was a population-based study of 845, 567 infants born between April 1, 2005 and March 31, 2015 using administrative and healthcare databases available at the Institute of Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES). Maternal risk factors were selected based on public health home visiting referral criteria. These exposures included, maternal adversity (substance abuse, intimate partner violence, homelessness), newcomer status (new to Canada in past 3 years) and young maternal age (less than 22 years of age). The primary outcome measure was all-cause mortality of infants less than 12 months age. The secondary outcome measures were combined fatal and non-fatal child maltreatment outcomes and were defined using International Classification of Diseases for maltreatment diagnoses. Baseline characteristics and outcomes were described. The association between maternal risk factors and infant mortality and maltreatment was analysed using multivariable logistic modelling, including analysis by type of maternal risk factors and number of risk factors. RESULTS All-cause deaths were present in 0.14% and combined fatal and non-fatal maltreatment outcomes were present in 0.05% of the study population. Young maternal age increased the risk of all-cause mortality 2.4 times (n 171, OR 2.4, 95% CI 2.0–3.0) and maltreatment 6.3 times (n 292, OR 6.3, 95% CI 5.0–7.8). Mental health diagnosis increased the odds of maltreatment by 90% (n 209, OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.5–2.4). Adversity increased the odds of maltreatment by 63% (n 40, OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.0–2.6). The risk of maltreatment also increased as the number of risk factors increased with an OR of 3.5 (95% CI 2.9–4.4) with one risk factor, an OR of 8.2 (95% CI 5.9–11.4) with two risk factors, and an OR of 10.9 (95% CI 5.7 20.7) with three or more risk factors. Newcomer status was not associated with increased risk of maltreatment and mortality. Gestational age showed increasing ORs as prematurity increased. Material deprivation was included as a covariate and was associated with increased risk of maltreatment with increased level of deprivation. CONCLUSION Young maternal age carried the greatest risk of death and maltreatment in infants. There was also an increasing risk of infant mortality and maltreatment with increasing number of risk factors. These findings are important for ensuring public health interventions are targeting the most vulnerable populations with the aim of preventing maltreatment.

scholarly journals Maternal mortality in six low and lower-middle income countries from 2010 to 2018: risk factors and trends

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (S3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Bauserman ◽  
Vanessa R. Thorsten ◽  
Tracy L. Nolen ◽  
Jackie Patterson ◽  
Adrien Lokangaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Maternal mortality is a public health problem that disproportionately affects low and lower-middle income countries (LMICs). Appropriate data sources are lacking to effectively track maternal mortality and monitor changes in this health indicator over time. Methods We analyzed data from women enrolled in the NICHD Global Network for Women’s and Children’s Health Research Maternal Newborn Health Registry (MNHR) from 2010 through 2018. Women delivering within research sites in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Guatemala, India (Nagpur and Belagavi), Kenya, Pakistan, and Zambia are included. We evaluated maternal and delivery characteristics using log-binomial models and multivariable models to obtain relative risk estimates for mortality. We used running averages to track maternal mortality ratio (MMR, maternal deaths per 100,000 live births) over time. Results We evaluated 571,321 pregnancies and 842 maternal deaths. We observed an MMR of 157 / 100,000 live births (95% CI 147, 167) across all sites, with a range of MMRs from 97 (76, 118) in the Guatemala site to 327 (293, 361) in the Pakistan site. When adjusted for maternal risk factors, risks of maternal mortality were higher with maternal age > 35 (RR 1.43 (1.06, 1.92)), no maternal education (RR 3.40 (2.08, 5.55)), lower education (RR 2.46 (1.54, 3.94)), nulliparity (RR 1.24 (1.01, 1.52)) and parity > 2 (RR 1.48 (1.15, 1.89)). Increased risk of maternal mortality was also associated with occurrence of obstructed labor (RR 1.58 (1.14, 2.19)), severe antepartum hemorrhage (RR 2.59 (1.83, 3.66)) and hypertensive disorders (RR 6.87 (5.05, 9.34)). Before and after adjusting for other characteristics, physician attendance at delivery, delivery in hospital and Caesarean delivery were associated with increased risk. We observed variable changes over time in the MMR within sites. Conclusions The MNHR is a useful tool for tracking MMRs in these LMICs. We identified maternal and delivery characteristics associated with increased risk of death, some might be confounded by indication. Despite declines in MMR in some sites, all sites had an MMR higher than the Sustainable Development Goals target of below 70 per 100,000 live births by 2030. Trial registration The MNHR is registered at NCT01073475.

scholarly journals Some Risk Factors for Low Birthweight Infants at Manado Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
S. M. Salendu W. ◽  
Sutomo Raharjo ◽  
Immanuel Mustadjab ◽  
Nan Warouw
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Hypertension In Pregnancy ◽  
History Of ◽  
In Pregnancy

The risk factors of low birthweight infants were assessed in a retrospective study covering 3607 singleton livebirth infants at Manado Hospital from January until December 1993. The analysis confirmed that patterns of risk birthweight hypertension in pregnancy (P<0.01), maternal education (P<0.01), maternal age (P<0.05), and parity (P<0.01), marital status (P<0.01), history of abortion (P<0.05), and parity (P<0.01). Anemia in pregnancy was also associated with birthweight in low birth weight (P<0.05). Asymetric intrauterine growth retardation (Ponderal Index below 2.32) was found both in premature and term infants.

scholarly journals Maternal Risk Factors of Placenta Praevia and Its Effects on Maternal and Fetal Outcome

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Alpana Adhikary ◽  
Anwara Begum ◽  
Fahmida Sharmin Joty ◽  
Nihar Ranjan Sarker ◽  
Rifat Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Advanced Maternal Age ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Placenta Praevia ◽  
Maternal Risk Factors ◽  
High Parity ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Antepartum Haemorrhage ◽  
History Of

Placenta praevia is one of the most serious obstetric emergencies, which continues to be an important contributor to perinatal mortality and is responsible for leading maternal and infant morbidity. Very few data on etiology of placenta praevia are available till now. This study aims to explore the maternal risk factors related to occurrence of placenta praevia and its effects on maternal and fetal outcome. This cross-sectional observational study was carried out among 3279 obstetrics patients admitted in labour ward in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sher-e-Bangla Medical College Hospital from January to December 2006. Out of 3279 obstetrics patients 93 placenta praevia cases were identified purposively as study subjects. The patients of placenta praevia were selected either diagnosed clinically by painless antepartum haemorrhage or asymptomatic placenta praevia diagnosed by ultrasonography irrespective of age, gestational age, parity, booking status. Pregnant woman admitted with painful antepartum haemorrhage were excluded from the study. With the ethical approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee (IEC), patients were selected after taking their written consent. A structured questionnaire and a chick list were designed with considering all the variables of interest. Out of 93 respondents, 73.88% were associated with risk factors in addition to advanced maternal age and high parity. Among them 24.73%, 33.33% and 7.52% had history of previous caesarean section (CS), MR and abortion and both CS & abortion previously. Patients aged above 30 years were 47% and 35.48% were in their 5th gravid and more; whereas, 31.18% patients were asymptomatic, 68.82% patients presented with varying degree of vaginal bleeding, among them 12.08% were in shock. Active management at presentation was done on 76.34% patients and 23.66% were managed expectantly. CS was done o 82.79% patients and only 17.2% were delivered vaginally. Case fatality rate was 1.07% and about 22% perinatal death was recorded, majority belonged to low birth weight (<1500 gm). About 10% patients required caesarean hysterectomy, 3.22% required bladder repair. Advanced maternal age, high parity, history of previous CS and abortion found to be common with the subsequent development of placenta praevia. Proper diagnosis, early referral and expectant management of patients will reduce prematurity, thereby improvised foetal outcome but to improve maternal outcome rate of primary CS have to be reduced and increase practice of contraception among women of reproductive age. Bangladesh Med J. 2019 May; 48 (2): 7-12

scholarly journals Puzzle Out the Reason behind Habitual Miscarriage

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
Waqas Ahmad ◽  
Shahid Bilal ◽  
Sarah Azhar ◽  
Muhammad Aitmaud Uddolah Khan ◽  
Nasima Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Recurrent Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Bivariate Correlation ◽  
History Of

Aims: As no data is available in Pakistan so the aim of current study is to find out the link of multiple risk factors with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) in Pakistan. Study Design: Case control study. Place and Duration of Study: Study conducted in Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic of Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Holy Family Hospital Rawalpindi and Polyclinic Hospital Islamabad from November 2018 to April 2019. Methodology: Subjects were investigated on the basis of an in depth Performa. For data analysis Statistical package for social sciences version-20 was used. Beside this, height in cm, weight in kg and blood pressure in mmHg were recorded. All the statistical calculations were performed by using SPSS 20. For association analysis of qualitative variables Spearman bivariate correlation was calculated while for numerical variables ANOVA was applied. Multinomial logistic regression model was used and the odd ratio and relative risk were calculated. Results: Among cases 91.34% were having spontaneous miscarriage and majority (64.86%) were during first trimester. Spearman bivariate correlation reported a strong association of recurrent pregnancy loss with the risk factors including family history, smoking, obesity, history of hypertension and history of diabetes, having highly significant p-values, on the hand, significant association of maternal age with the frequency of recurrent pregnancy loss was found but not with the paternal age and parity. The multinomial logistic regression model showed that smokers were19.012 times more prone to develop recurrent pregnancy loss. Conclusion: The multiple risk factors including maternal age, obesity, smoking, family history, body mass index, hypertension and diabetes have a strong association with the recurrent pregnancy loss. So keeping these risk factors in mind a careful evaluation of each pregnancy is necessary to reduce the risk of recurrent pregnancy loss.

scholarly journals The secular trend in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the population of primary school children from Ljubljana (Slovenia)

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjeta Kovač ◽  
Gregor Jurak ◽  
Lijana Zaletel Kragelj ◽  
Bojan Leskošek
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among children has increased dramatically in recent decades. The survey examined overweight and obesity in the population of boys and girls from Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia, aged seven through fourteen from 1991 to 2011. Methods: An annually repeated cross-sectional study of data from the national SLOFIT monitoring system was used. The body mass index cut-off points of the International Obesity Task Force were used to identify the prevalence of overweight and obesity. Multinomial logistic regression was used for modelling the probability of overweight and obesity as a function of time (year of measurement), sex and age of subjects. Results: In 1991-2011 period, the odds for overweight and obesity among primary school children (n = 376,719) increased every year by 1.7% (95% CI: 1.6-1.9) and 3.7% (3.4-4%) respectively. Boys have 1.17 (95% CI: 1.15-1.20) times higher odds of becoming overweight and 1.39 (95% CI: 1.35-1.44) times higher odds of becoming obese than girls. In comparison to the reference group (age of 14), the highest odds for overweight were found at the ages of nine and ten (1.39; 95% CI: 1.34-1.44), while for the obesity the highest odds were at the age of eight (2.01; 95% CI: 1.86-2.16). Conclusion: From 1991 to 2011, overweight and obesity clearly became more prevalent in children from Ljubljana. This trend has been more obvious among boys than girls. In comparison to 14-year-old boys and girls, the highest odds for excessive weight were found below the age of 10.

scholarly journals A study of low birth weight prevalence and risk factors among newborns in a public-hospital at Kilis, Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 709-714
Author(s):  
Hasan Hüseyin Çam ◽  
Muazzez Harunoğulları ◽  
Yadigar Polat
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
P Value ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Syrian Refugee

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is an important indicator of reproductive health and general health status of population. Objectives: The present study was aimed to estimate the prevalence of low birth weight (LBW), and to investigate the associations between some risk factors and LBW in Syrian refugee and Turkish population in Kilis, Turkey. Methods: The population of this study constituted of a total of 4379 infants born in Kilis State Hospital in 2016 using a retrospective cross-sectional study design. The data were collected from birth records. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of low birth weight. Factors with a p-value < 0.05 were deemed to be statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of LBW was 6.7% in all groups. Significant relationships were found between young maternal age, Syrian refugee mother, female infants, cesarean delivery and LBW. Conclusion: The prevalence of low birth weight in the study area was comparatively lower than that of countrywide figure. Maternal related variables like, maternal age, mother's nationality, and mode of birth (vaginal, cesarean) take after up as well as new-born related variables like gender of the neonate were significantly related with low birth weight. Keywords: Low birth weight; maternal; risk factors,; prevalence.

scholarly journals Maternal risk factors for low birth weight of neonates in al- diwaniyah province, iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1904-1909
Author(s):  
Adel J. Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Maternal Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Condition ◽  
Maternal Risk

The LBW infants as weighting less than 2.5kg at birth. Infants with low birth weight are probable to suffer medical troubles and delay development from the time of delivery to adult life. This study was planned to discover the prevalence of LBW infants in Ad-Diwaniyah city (Iraq) and the maternal risk factors, which contribute to the occurrence of low birth weight, and it is rated and what the suitable recommendations can be made to prevent this problem.  Unfortunately, in Iraq, several studies reveal an increase in the delivery of LBW infants in the last years. The present study was aimed to identify the prevalence of LBW and possible maternal factors in children, teaching hospital in Al-Diwaniyah city during the period of the beginning of February 2017 to February 2018. This is a cross-sectional survey held out in Pediatric, teaching hospital through 1012 pregnant mothers giving a live LBW. Whole children weight on a weighing machine. Data was collected through the interview of mothers. Maternal age and education level, socioeconomic condition, number of prenatal visits, interpregnancy interval and maternal diseases, and infant gender were registered in questionnaire format. The result of the current study detects that the rate of LBW was 20.2%. The highest percentage of them (LBW) was preterm 67.4% and full, term (IUGR) 32.5%. 61.5% of the children in the LBW group were male, and 38.4% were female.  Besides the outcome indicates that there are many important risk factors contributed to the incidence of LBW, these are; multiple pregnancies were found to be 66.8% of LBW infants,  maternal age 21 – 35 years (39.7%),  lack of Prenatal Care (60.3%),  delivery by cesarean section (70.6%),  mothers who illiterate (64.8%),  a large number of mothers from the rural area (68.6%),  the presence of maternal diseases (63.5%),  all these are considered a risk factor. The current study demonstrates the essential elements give rise to low birth weight in neonates are gestational age (preterm delivery), maternal education and age, multiple births, regular prenatal care, cesarean section, and bad obstetric history.

scholarly journals Death in Patients with Regular Hemodialysis Due to CKD in RSUD Dr. Soedono Madiun Not Correlated to Various Risk Factors

Sains Medika ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Tulus Lumaksono ◽  
Anisa Rachmawati ◽  
Erlina Marfianti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Design Research ◽  
The Body ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Hemodialysis Duration ◽  
Regular Hemodialysis

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) indicated by the inability of the kidneys in maintaining homeostasis of the body.1 This causes the patient to undergo renal replacement therapy for life. Patients undergoing regular hemodialysis have a higher risk of death in the last 2 decades. The survival of hemodialysis patients is different because it is influenced by several factors, including age, sex, duration of hemodialysis, duration of hemodialysis and accompanying comorbid patients. Objective: To identify risk factors that affect mortality in patients with CKD undergoing regular hemodialysis.Method: This research is an observational research with case-control design. Research done in dr.Soedono Madiun Hospital in December 2016 with a sample size of 41 cases and 41 control. Data retrieved through the medical records of patients with CKD who undergo regular HD from January to November 2016. Data analysis was performed including analysis of univariate, �bivariate analysis using chi-square test with 95% CI, 5% significance level (a = 0.05) and analysis multivariste using logistic regression.Results: There was no significant relationship between age (p = 0.23; OR = 1.78; 95% CI 0.68 to 4.64), gender (p = 0.623; OR = 1.24; 95% CI 0, 49 to 3.18), long live HD (p = 0.12; OR = 0.50; 95% CI 0.20 to 1.20), duration of HD (p = 0.81, OR = 0.89; 95% CI 0.34 to 2.28), hypertension (p = 0.21; OR = 0.44; 95% CI 0.12 to 1.61), diabetes mellitus (p = 0.17; OR = 1 , 83, 95% CI 0.75 to 4.47), hemoglobin level (p = 0.26; OR = 1.66; 95% CI 0.68 to 4.05) and intradialitik complications (p = 0.81 , OR = 1.11; 95% CI 0.44 to 2.80) with mortality in patients with CKD. Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between age, gender, length undergoing hemodialysis, duration of HD, hypertension, diabetes, hemoglobin, and complications intradialitik in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis in dr.Soedono Madiun Hospitals.��

scholarly journals Risk factors for perinatal mortality in an urban area of Southern Brazil, 1993

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana M. B. Menezes ◽  
Fernando C. Barros ◽  
Cesar G. Victora ◽  
Elaine Tomasi ◽  
Ricardo Halpern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Socioeconomic Level ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Early Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Antenatal Visits

INTRODUCTION: Although there was a considerable reduction in infant mortality in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul in the last decade, its perinatal causes were reduced only by 28%. The associated factors of these causes were analised. MATERIAL AND METHOD: All hospital births and perinatal deaths were assessed by daily visits to all the maternity hospitals in the city, throughout 1993 and including the first week of 1994. RESULTS: The perinatal mortality rate was 22.1 per thousand births. The multivariate analysis showed the following risk factors: low socioeconomic level, male sex and maternal age above 35 years . Among multigravidae women, the fetal mortality rate was significantly increased for mothers with a previously low birthweight and a previous stillbirth. For early neonatal mortality the risk was significantly increased by a smaller number of antenatal visits than 5 and low birthweight. CONCLUSIONS: Main risk factors for perinatal mortality: low socioeconomic level, maternal age above 35 years and male sex. For early neonatal mortality the risk was significantly increased by a smaller number of antenatal visits than 5 and low birthweight.

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