scholarly journals FERTILITAS REMAJA DI INDONESIA: HUBUNGAN ANTARA MELAHIRKAN PADA USIA REMAJA DAN CAPAIAN PENDIDIKAN WANITA

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Ari Purbowati
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Instrumental Variable ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Teenage Childbearing ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Adolescent Fertility ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Government ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Adolescent fertility has become concerns at both national and international levels. The government of Indonesia views pregnancy and teenage childbearing as a problem that must be overcome. Giving birth in adolescence can lead to low levels of education. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between adolescent fertility which is teenage childbearing and women’s educational attainment in Indonesia. The data source used is the Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) 2017. Based on IDHS 2017, among women who have given birth. Around 31.5% of women gave birth for the first time before the age of 20. Of those, 3.8% gave birth out of wedlock, and 9.8% gave birth after postconception marriage. By using the instrumental variable (IV) method, the results of the study show that there is a negative association between giving birth in adolescent and women’s educational attainment. After controlling for individual and community/environmental characteristics, women who experienced first birth during their adolescence have 3.5 years of education lower than women who give birth for the first time at the age of 20 years and above.

scholarly journals Factors of psychological well-being of adolescents in the aspect of self-knowledge

2021 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 06004
Author(s):  
Inessa Leonidovna Feldman ◽  
Valery Sergeevich Agapov ◽  
Svetlana Vasilyevna Feoktistova ◽  
Oksana Ivanovna Griboyedova
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Successful Communication ◽  
Scientific Opinion ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

The premise for the present study lies in the lack of a unanimous scientific opinion on the relationship between self-knowledge and psychological well-being. The article presents the results of a study of the factors of psychological well-being of adolescents associated with their self-knowledge. The relevance of the conducted study is due to the need to integrate scientific knowledge on the internal factors contributing to psychological well-being. The scientific novelty is shaped by the fact that adolescents’ self-knowledge in the context of their psychological well-being is understudied and is examined for the first time. The study includes 500 adolescents aged 13-17 years old from schools in Tula, Lipetsk, and Moscow regions. The conducted factor analysis reveals common and specific factors of psychological well-being that are significant for adolescents with varying levels of psychological well-being. The common factors found in the entire sample are the desire for self-reflective analysis, for successful communication, for physical harmony, and for a meaningful perception of one’s future. The specific factors relevant for each group – adolescents with high, average, and low levels of psychological well-being – are also identified. The results of the analysis allow concluding that the psychological well-being of adolescents at different levels of psychological well-being is determined by factors related to self-knowledge. The presented work is of interest for researchers concerned with the problems of adolescents’ psychological well-being, as well as in designing educational programs and projects aimed at improving the psychological well-being of adolescents.

The Consumer Citizen, Politicians, and Policy

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-74
Author(s):  
Ethan Porter
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Political Candidate ◽  
Political Preferences ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter studies the relationship between consumer fairness, political preferences, and policy uptake. Americans who support Donald Trump are especially likely to believe the government should be judged by the standards of private companies. New experimental evidence documents that, when politicians of both parties use consumer rhetoric, co-partisans of those leaders subsequently come to view politics in strikingly consumerist terms. In another experiment, results show that voters with low levels of political knowledge look most positively upon a hypothetical political candidate who promises cost-benefit alignability, compared to a candidate who promises more benefits than costs. The chapter then describes a field experiment administered in cooperation with a health insurance cooperative funded under the Affordable Care Act (ACA). A message that framed the cooperative as meeting the standards of cost-benefit alignability caused people to enroll in the cooperative.

scholarly journals Trade unions and the economic performance of brazilian establishments

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naércio Aquino Menezes-Filho ◽  
José Paulo Chahad ◽  
Hélio Zylberstajn ◽  
Elaine Toldo Pazello
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Profit Sharing ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

This paper examines, for the first time in the literature, the impact of trade unions on various performance indicators of Brazilian establishments. A unionism retrospective survey was carried out among 1,000 establishments in the manufacturing sector and its results were matched to performance indicators available from the Brazilian Industrial Surveys between 1990 and 2000. The results using the pooled data indicate that the relationship between unionism and some performance indicators, such as average wages, employment and productivity is non-linear (concave), so that a rise in unionism from low levels is associated with higher performance, but at a decreasing rate. Unions also reduce profitability. Establishments that introduced profit-sharing schemes increased their productivity and profitability overall and paid higher wages in more unionized plants.

The educational attainment of the children of stay-at-home mothers: evidence from the Irish Marriage Bar

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Mosca ◽  
Vincent O’Sullivan ◽  
Robert E Wright
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Instrumental Variable ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Instrumental Variable Estimation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The relationship between maternal employment and the educational attainment of children is examined using data from the third wave of The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing. Because maternal employment is potentially endogenous with respect to child educational attainment, instrumental variable estimation is used. In this analysis, two sets of instruments are used based on whether the mother’s employment was affected by the Marriage Bar that was in place at that time in Ireland. A Marriage Bar is the requirement that women in certain jobs must leave that job when they marry. It is found that the probability that a child completes university is 1–3 percentage points lower for each additional year of maternal employment during the first 18 years of the child’s life.

scholarly journals PAIN AT THE PUMP: IS THERE AN ASYMMETRIC INFLUENCE OF OIL VOLATILITY ON GASOLINE VOLATILITY IN FRANCE?

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SOFIANE ABOURA
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Conditional Correlation ◽  
Dynamic Conditional Correlation ◽  
Taxation Policy ◽  
Crude Oil Prices ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Government ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

<p class="ESRBODY">We investigate, for the first time, the relationship between gasoline volatility and crude oil volatility. We aim to examine if the so-called asymmetric relationship between gasoline and crude oil prices holds for volatility. The approach employed is based on the asymmetric dynamic conditional correlation model as applied to the US WTI oil volatility and the French Super Carburant 95 gasoline volatility from 1990 to 2014.</p>The results reveal that gasoline volatility tends to be overreactive to changes in crude oil volatility. Moreover, it appears that the government taxation policy might amplify the gasoline volatility

scholarly journals Manajemen Risiko Reputasi Dalam Pasar Modal Syariah

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-282
Author(s):  
Sri Rahmani
Keyword(s):  
Capital Market ◽  
The State ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
The Government ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Capital Market

The application of sharia principles in the capital market certainly comes from the Qur'an and the Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad. Both of these sources made the scholars interpret later called the science of jurisprudence. One of the discussions in the science of jurisprudence is a discussion about muamalah, namely the relationship between human beings related to commerce. Based on that Islamic capital market activities are developed on the basis of muamalah fiqh. There are muamalah fiqh rules which state that basically, all forms of muamalah are permissible unless there is an argument which forbids it. This concept is the principle of the Sharia Capital Market in Indonesia. The development of the Sharia Capital Market reached a new milestone with the enactment of Law Number 19 of 2008 concerning Government Sharia Securities on May 7, 2008. This law is needed as a legal basis for the issuance of state sharia securities or state Sukuk. On August 26, 2008, for the first time, the Government of Indonesia issued the State Sharia Securities series IFR0001 and IFR0002.

scholarly journals The risk of myocardial infarction is enhanced by a synergistic interaction between serum insulin and smoking

2002 ◽  
pp. 641-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Bennet ◽  
K Brismar ◽  
J Hallqvist ◽  
C Reuterwall ◽  
U De Faire
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Synergistic Interactions ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Igf Binding ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Igf Binding Protein ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the relationship between levels of serum insulin, the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) and IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) as factors related to myocardial infarction (MI) risk, and their interaction with lifestyle-related risk factors. DESIGN: The Stockholm epidemiology programme (SHEEP), a case-control study, consisting of 749 first-time MI cases (510 men, 239 women) and 1101 healthy controls (705 men, 396 women) was used. METHODS: The risk of developing MI was assessed by calculating odds ratios (OR) and synergistic interactions (SI) between serum insulin, IGFBP-1, HOMA and other variables related to MI risk (including smoking) in men and women. RESULTS: Subjects with elevated levels of insulin and HOMA (>75th percentile) had increased MI risks when compared with individuals with low levels. ORs for elevated insulin and HOMA (adjusted for age and residential area) for men: insulin 1.6 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3-2.1) and HOMA 1.5 (95% CI 1.1-1.9) and for women: insulin 2.1 (95% CI 1.5-2.9) and HOMA 1.9 (95% CI 1.3-2.8). Women with low levels of IGFBP-1 (<10th percentile) showed a tendency towards elevated MI risk even if this was not statistically significant (OR 1.5 (95% CI 0.9-2.6)). Smokers with high levels of serum insulin had greatly increased MI risk (OR for men: 4.7 (95% CI 3.0-7.2) and OR for women: 8.1 (95% CI 4.5-14.8)). SI scores based upon these interactions were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: These results might have preventive cardiovascular implications as they clearly suggest that subjects with insulin resistance are particularly susceptible to the hazards of smoking.

scholarly journals Transnational terrorism and restrictive immigration policies

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 564-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Helbling ◽  
Daniel Meierrieks
Keyword(s):  
Instrumental Variable ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Immigration Policies ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Transnational Terrorism ◽  
Migration Policies ◽  
Electoral Defeat ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

We investigate the relationship between transnational terrorism and the restrictiveness of immigration policies. We argue that transnational terrorism may create incentives for governments to implement more restrictive migration policies. First, more restrictive policies may make terrorism a more costly endeavor, discouraging future terrorist activity. Second, voters may hold the government accountable for the increased insecurity and economic instability terrorism produces; more restrictive migration policies may signal political resolve and meet public demand for security-providing policies, consequently reducing the government’s chances of electoral defeat. We provide an empirical analysis of the effect of transnational terrorism on migration policy restrictiveness for a sample of 30 OECD countries between 1980 and 2010. We find that a greater exposure to transnational terrorism is associated with stricter migration controls, but not stricter migration regulations regarding eligibility criteria and conditions. This finding is robust to different model specifications, estimation methods, operationalizations of terrorism, and instrumental-variable approaches. It points to the securitization of immigration, providing partial support for the notion that transnational terrorism incentivizes migration policy change towards greater restrictiveness. However, the policy response appears to be surgical (affecting only migration controls) rather than sweeping (and thus not influencing broader migration regulations) for the countries in our sample.

LOYALISTS AND LOYALISM IN A SOUTHERN IRISH COMMUNITY, 1921–1922

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 1075-1105
Author(s):  
BRIAN HUGHES
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Witness Testimony ◽  
Popular Support ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
The Government ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Financial Losses ◽  
The Way

ABSTRACTA second Irish Grants Committee met for the first time in October 1926 to deal with claims for compensation from distressed southern Irish loyalists. By the time it had ceased its work, the committee had dealt with over 4,000 applications and recommended 2,237 ex-gratia grants. The surviving files constitute over 200 boxes of near-contemporary witness testimony and supplementary material making them an incomparable, if problematic, source for the study of the southern loyalist experience of the Irish Revolution – a topic of much current historiographical interest. Applicants had to prove that they had suffered loss on account of their ‘allegiance to the government of the United Kingdom’, and by applying labelled themselves as both ‘loyalist’ and ‘victim’. A study of the claim files from one district, Arva in County Cavan, offers unique perspectives on the loyalist experience of revolution in a southern Irish community, personal definitions of loyalty, and the relationship between behaviour and allegiance during war. The Arva applicants often struggled to present their financial losses as resulting directly from their ‘loyalty to the Crown’. Their statements, and the way they were treated by the committee, serve to complicate an often over-simplified understanding of civilian behaviour and popular support.

scholarly journals Rural-Urban Migration and Unemployment Tendency

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Mbu Daniel Tambi ◽  
Chuo Joshua Njuh
Keyword(s):  
Instrumental Variable ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Variable Approach ◽  
Rural Urban Migration ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Instrumental Variable Approach ◽  
And Training

<p><em>The study examined the effect of rural-urban migration on unemployment tendency, while controlling for other variables. We make use of the instrumental variable approach and probit controlling for endogeneity to determine the relationship between rural-urban migration and unemployment. Cameroon labour force survey is used to estimate our results. Results shows that the likelihood of unemployment decreases among rural-urban migrates compared to their rural counterparts who do not migrate. By the same token, holders of primary, secondary and tertiary levels of are less likely to be unemployed relative to their counterparts with no education, respectively. </em><em>These findings have a number of policy implementations: the government could create an enabling environment for labour markets to work better for the youths seeking employment and could invest rationally on education to enable the youth become self-reliant instead of job seekers through skill development and training.</em></p>

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