scholarly journals Trade unions and the economic performance of brazilian establishments

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naércio Aquino Menezes-Filho ◽  
José Paulo Chahad ◽  
Hélio Zylberstajn ◽  
Elaine Toldo Pazello
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Profit Sharing ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

This paper examines, for the first time in the literature, the impact of trade unions on various performance indicators of Brazilian establishments. A unionism retrospective survey was carried out among 1,000 establishments in the manufacturing sector and its results were matched to performance indicators available from the Brazilian Industrial Surveys between 1990 and 2000. The results using the pooled data indicate that the relationship between unionism and some performance indicators, such as average wages, employment and productivity is non-linear (concave), so that a rise in unionism from low levels is associated with higher performance, but at a decreasing rate. Unions also reduce profitability. Establishments that introduced profit-sharing schemes increased their productivity and profitability overall and paid higher wages in more unionized plants.

Is China’s investment in Africa good for the Nigerian economy?

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
Joseph Nnanna
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Delphi Technique ◽  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Good For ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of China’s trade agreement and foreign direct investment (FDI) flows to Nigeria with special reference to the manufacturing sector utilizing the following key economic performance indicators: inflation, unemployment, income and gross domestic product, to name a few. Since the turn of the millennium, China has enjoyed a substantial presence in the African continent. In fact, the country has signed bilateral agreements with Angola, South Africa and Sudan to name a few. Recently, China established its West African trade hub in Lagos, the economic capital of Nigeria, to be strategically positioned. The results of the study revealed conclusively that although China’s investments over the years have benefited the Nigerian economy and its various firms in the manufacturing sector, the agreement signed by both countries ultimately needs to be reexamined to ensure equity. Design/methodology/approach – To thoroughly analyze the effects of China’s investments in Nigeria, this study was carried out in two phases. The first analysis of this study is anchored on a “before/after” framework based on descriptive statistical analysis of the selected economic performance indicators chosen from selected cross-national data. Accordingly, the time frame for this study runs from 1993-2012 which roughly corresponds to the era when China commenced significant investments in Nigeria. Second, employees, policymakers and individuals in the manufacturing/textile industries were interviewed. Furthermore, participation from federal as well as local government agency staff members was solicited using the Delphi technique. Findings – Empirically, the results conclusively reveal China’s dominance in the manufacturing and textile sectors in Nigeria. In other words, at face value, China’s investments are ultimately good for the Nigerian economy. However, at a micro-level analysis, the researcher examined the human factor, that is, the families of former and current employees, abandoned businesses/factories and a decaying textile industry that was once vibrant. Originality/value – To the knowledge of the researcher, this is the first study attempting to assess the impact of the rise of China on the Nigerian economy by combining key economic performance indicator in tandem with face-to-face interviews and the Delphi technique.

Entrepreneurs and Burnout. How Hardy Pesonality works in this process

2021 ◽  
pp. 003329412199697
Author(s):  
Laura Quiun ◽  
Marta Herrero ◽  
Maria del Carmen Yeo Ayala ◽  
Bernardo Moreno-Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Occupational Factors ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Background Considering the importance of entrepreneurship and the impact of burnout on workers’ health, this study aims to explore the presence of burnout in entrepreneurs and the interaction of hardy personality (HP) in this process. Method The sample included 255 Spanish entrepreneurs. Occupational factors, working hours, labour immersion, HP, burnout syndrome (i.e. Emotional exhaustion, Depersonalization and Lack of accomplishment) and burnout consequences were assessed. Results Descriptive analysis showed that entrepreneurs had low levels of occupational factors, burnout syndrome and consequences. Hierarchical regression exploratory results indicated that working hours, labour immersion, and Emotional exhaustion were the most relevant predictors of the consequences. Besides, mediation models with PROCESS macro (v.3.0) highlighted the indirect effect of occupational factors and showed that emotional exhaustion was the only component of burnout that mediated in between the predictors and the consequences. As well, HP moderated the relationship between occupational factors and emotional exhaustion. Conclusions Occupational factors are the main predictor of burnout in entrepreneurs and HP could prevent their effect on Emotional exhaustion. The results suggest the importance of training to promote HP for better health and performance of entrepreneurs.

When do job insecure employees adapt to change?

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristi N. Lavigne ◽  
Victoria L. Whitaker ◽  
Dustin K. Jundt ◽  
Mindy K. Shoss
Keyword(s):  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Adaptive Performance ◽  
Work Behaviors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work Tasks ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between job insecurity and adaptive performance (AP), contingent on changes to core work tasks, which we position as a situational cue to employees regarding important work behaviors. Design/methodology/approach Employees and their supervisors were invited to participate in the study. Supervisors were asked to provide ratings of employees’ AP and changes to core tasks; employees reported on job insecurity. Findings As predicted, changes to core tasks moderated the relationship between job insecurity and AP. Job insecurity was negatively related to AP for those experiencing low levels of change, but was not related to AP for those experiencing high levels of change. Counter to expectations, no main effect of job insecurity was found. Research limitations/implications This study employed a fairly small sample of workers from two organizations, which could limit generalizability. Practical implications The study identifies changes to core tasks as a boundary condition for the job insecurity–AP relationship. Findings suggest that organizations may not observe deleterious consequences of job insecurity on AP when changes to core tasks are high. Originality/value Few researchers have examined boundary conditions of the impact of job insecurity on AP. Furthermore, inconsistent findings regarding the link between job insecurity and AP have emerged. This study fills the gap and expands upon previous research by examining changes to core tasks as a condition under which job insecurity does not pose an issue for AP.

Render unto Caesar Just a Little Bit Longer: The Relationship between Constitutional Reforms and Executive Survival

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Tofigh Maboudi ◽  
Ghazal P. Nadi ◽  
Todd A. Eisenstadt
Keyword(s):  
Term Limits ◽  
Institutional Constraints ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Constitutional Order ◽  
The Third ◽  
Constitutional Reforms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Since the third wave of democracy, term limits have become a popular fixture of most constitutions intended to constrain the executive. Yet, recent constitutional reforms around the world show that presidents seeking re-election sometimes overturn the entire constitutional order to extend their power. What is the impact of these constitutional manipulations on the longevity of the executive in office? Using survival analysis of all political leaders and national constitutions from 1875 to 2015, this article demonstrates, for the first time, that when ‘authoritarian-aspiring’ presidents remove constitutional term limits, they increase their stay in office by more than 40%. Our findings contrast with a widely held position in the comparative authoritarian literature suggesting that dictators survive longer under institutional constraints. On the contrary, we argue that by removing constitutional barriers, rulers consolidate more power at the expense of their most ambitious allies and can stay in power longer.

scholarly journals The Impact of Organizational Learning Capability on Product Innovation Performance: Evidence from the Turkish Manufacturing Sector

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özlem Yaşar Uğurlu ◽  
Mustafa Kurt
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Learning ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Product Innovation ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
Learning Capability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to examine the effect of organizational learning capability on product innovation performance in the manufacturing sector using empirical data. A survey was conducted with 120 firms that were on the list of Top 1000 Firms of Turkey and registered with the Istanbul Chamber of Industry, to examine the relationship between the dimensions of organizational learning capability and the dimensions of product innovation performance. The findings of the study indicate a positive relationship between organizational learning capability and product innovation performance.

scholarly journals Factors of psychological well-being of adolescents in the aspect of self-knowledge

2021 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 06004
Author(s):  
Inessa Leonidovna Feldman ◽  
Valery Sergeevich Agapov ◽  
Svetlana Vasilyevna Feoktistova ◽  
Oksana Ivanovna Griboyedova
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Successful Communication ◽  
Scientific Opinion ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

The premise for the present study lies in the lack of a unanimous scientific opinion on the relationship between self-knowledge and psychological well-being. The article presents the results of a study of the factors of psychological well-being of adolescents associated with their self-knowledge. The relevance of the conducted study is due to the need to integrate scientific knowledge on the internal factors contributing to psychological well-being. The scientific novelty is shaped by the fact that adolescents’ self-knowledge in the context of their psychological well-being is understudied and is examined for the first time. The study includes 500 adolescents aged 13-17 years old from schools in Tula, Lipetsk, and Moscow regions. The conducted factor analysis reveals common and specific factors of psychological well-being that are significant for adolescents with varying levels of psychological well-being. The common factors found in the entire sample are the desire for self-reflective analysis, for successful communication, for physical harmony, and for a meaningful perception of one’s future. The specific factors relevant for each group – adolescents with high, average, and low levels of psychological well-being – are also identified. The results of the analysis allow concluding that the psychological well-being of adolescents at different levels of psychological well-being is determined by factors related to self-knowledge. The presented work is of interest for researchers concerned with the problems of adolescents’ psychological well-being, as well as in designing educational programs and projects aimed at improving the psychological well-being of adolescents.

Economic Performance and Political Trust

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom W.G. van der Meer
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
Macroeconomic Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Subjective Evaluations ◽  
Objective Performance ◽  
National Comparison ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cross National

The relationships among objective macroeconomic outcomes, subjective evaluations, and political trust are widely studied. Yet, these relationships are not as straightforward as they might seem. This chapter first provides an overview of the main theoretical propositions in the literature as well as their critiques. Next, the chapter analyzes empirical analyses of the relationship between economic performance and political trust. While subjective evaluations of the economy are consistently related to political trust across the globe, the effect of objective macroeconomic performance depends on theoretical and methodological specifications. Objective performance indicators determine political trust in longitudinal rather than in cross-sectional analyses, suggesting that citizens’ historical rather than cross-national comparison of the state of their economy lies at the basis of this effect.

Legislative Delegation to the Executive in the ‘Second’ Italian Republic

Modern Italy ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Mattei
Keyword(s):  
Education Reform ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Legislative Process ◽  
Health Care Reforms ◽  
Legislative Delegation ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Welfare Reforms

Considering the increasing quantitative usage and expanding qualitative scope of instruments of delegated legislations as the predominant means of enacting welfare reforms, this article investigates the consolidation throughout the Second Italian Republic of a new interpretation of executive prerogatives in the exercise of legislative functions. This is not only a problem in relation to the constitutional balance defining the relationship between the executive and legislature, but also an issue for executive policy leadership and capacity to steer the legislative process. It is argued that since the 1990s the usage of legislative decrees has become a sui generis and the predominant means of decision-making, adopted in particular for welfare reforms. In particular, delegated legislation to the executive has changed the impact that interest groups, such as trade unions, have on the policy process. Two case studies are presented by way of illustration, namely the health care reforms of the early 1990s and the education reform in 2003.

An Economic IslamicityIndex (EI2)

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1850207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scheherazade S. Rehman ◽  
Hossein Askari
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Islamic Countries ◽  
Islamic Economic ◽  
Global Uncertainty ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Given the post-9/11 climate of global uncertainty, suspicion, hostility, and fear, interest in the relationship between religion and economics, politics, and social behavior has been rekindled. In particular, there has been considerable attention afforded to the impact of religion on economic, social, and political development and vice versa. However, before the impact of religion on economic performance or the impact of economic performance on religion can be examined, one should first ascertain the religiosity of a country. In this case, “how Islamic are Islamic countries?” or “what is their degree of ‘Islamicity?’” In this paper, we assess, on a very preliminary basis, the adherence of Islamic countries to Islamic economic teachings and develop an Economic IslamicityIndex (EI2) to assess the extent that self-declared Islamic countries adhere to Islamic doctrines and teachings. We do this by measuring 208 countries’ adherence to Islamic Economic principles using as proxies 113 measurable variables.

scholarly journals Financial management: The impact of performance indicators on the organizational profitability

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-96
Author(s):  
Hayat M. Awan ◽  
M. Ishaq Bhatti ◽  
Zahid Razaq
Keyword(s):  
Performance Management ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Supportive Culture ◽  
Single List ◽  
Reliability Performance ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigates the financial management performance involved in increasing the firms’ profitability. It contributes to a single list of performance indicators which never existed in the literature empirically with reference to third world countries, like Pakistan. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select a sample of 200 manufacturing firms with process performance management system (PPMS) criteria to check the impact of performance indicators on the overall business performance index using ROE, ROA. The results of AHP analysis show that the “Supportive Culture” and “PPMS facilitate the competitive advantage” are the major facilitators for those organizations who have implemented the PPMS whereas firms without implementation of PPMS have major inhibitors as “ Non supportive culture” and ”Have another Performance System”. And the Measuring financial performance, Quality performance, Delivery reliability performance, customer satisfaction performance and employees satisfaction lead to increase in the organizational Profitability. This study will be helpful to the top management of the organizations from manufacturing sector regarding the implementing decision of the PPMS. The organization can choose the best indicators used by firms in order to achieve the overall excellence.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document