scholarly journals HPLC Fingerprinting of Chloroform Extracts of Seven Ethnomedicinal Plants of Mizoram, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 3099-3102
Author(s):  
Longjam Shantabi ◽  
Ganesh Chandra Jagetia ◽  
Sh.Victoria Devi ◽  
H. Lalhlenmawia
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Plants ◽  
Whatman Filter Paper ◽  
Root Stock ◽  
Spilanthes Acmella

The present work was done for seven ethnomedicinal plants used by the inhabitants of Mizoram in order to investigate the presence of various phytoconstituents. The root-stock of Alocasia indica, leaves of Bidens pillosa, Chromolaena odorata, Elaeagnus caudata and Spilanthes acmella, the latex of Carica papaya and rhizomes of Curcuma caesia were dried and powdered. The chloroform extract of each sample were prepared by soaking dried powdered samples in chloroform for 72 h. The extracts were filtered using Whatman filter paper No. 42 (125 mm). The filtrates of plant extracts were preserved at 4-5 ºC for further process. Crude extracts of selected plants parts were analyzed using TLC coupled to HPLC fingerprinting, which gives some prominent and moderate peaks with different retention time, which may be a bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals Inhibitory effect of plant extracts on the cytotoxicity of eurytele nematocysts from Pelagia noctiluca

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossana Morabito ◽  
Laura Cornara ◽  
Giuseppina La Spada ◽  
Angela Marino ◽  
Gian Luigi Mariottini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Survival ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Pelagia Noctiluca ◽  
Ic50 Value

Some species of Cnidarians, well known venomous organisms, are able to induce serious health problems as well as economic and social trouble. A lot of data show that cnidarian venoms can be cytotoxic to cultured cells. Therefore, a priority of the research is to find tools which could counteract the damaging activity of venoms. In this connection, the modulatory effects exerted by extracts of plants Ananas comosus (L.) and Carica papaya (L.) on cytotoxicity of heterotrichous microbasic eurytele nematocysts isolated from the jellyfish Pelagia noctiluca was evaluated. The nematocyst extract induced strong cytotoxicity at highest tested doses with reduction of cell survival below 40% and IC50 value of 40×103 nematocysts/mL. Both plant extracts significantly improved the survival of cells, so that the IC50 resulted 74×103 and 100×103 nematocysts/mL in the presence of A. comosus and C. papaya extracts, respectively, both used at 10 and 100 μg/mL. Taking into account that heterotrichous microbasic eurytele nematocysts are present mainly in tentacles, which Pelagia noctiluca utilizes both for predation and defence, this result is particularly interesting from both ecological and sanitary point of view and demonstrates the potential of these plants extracts against cnidarian venoms.

scholarly journals In VivoAntiprotozoal Activity of the Chloroform Extract fromCarica papayaSeeds against Amastigote Stage ofTrypanosoma cruziduring Indeterminate and Chronic Phase of Infection

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matilde Jimenez-Coello ◽  
Karla Y. Acosta-Viana ◽  
Antonio Ortega-Pacheco ◽  
Salud Perez-Gutierrez ◽  
Eugenia Guzman-Marin
Keyword(s):  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Infected Animal ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Antiprotozoal Activity ◽  
Subacute Phase ◽  
Amastigote Stage ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Intracellular Stage

In order to evaluate the antiprotozoal activity of the chloroform extract ofCarica papayaseeds during the subacute and chronic phase of infection ofTrypanosoma cruzi, doses of 50 and 75 mg/kg were evaluated during the subacute phase, including a mixture of their main components (oleic, palmitic, and stearic acids). Subsequently, doses of 50 and 75 mg/kg in mice during the chronic phase of infection (100 dpi) were also evaluated. It was found that chloroform extract was able to reduce the amastigote nests numbers during the subacute phase in 55.5 and 69.7% (P> 0.05) as well as in 56.45% in animals treated with the mixture of fatty acids. Moreover, the experimental groups treated with 50 and 75 mg/kg during the chronic phase of the infection showed a significant reduction of 46.8 and 53.13% respectively (P< 0.05). It is recommended to carry out more studies to determine if higher doses of chloroformic extract or its administration in combination with other antichagasic drugs allows a better response over the intracellular stage ofT. cruziin infected animal models and determine if the chloroform extract ofC. papayacould be considered as an alternative for treatment during the indeterminate and chronic phase of the infection.

The Bioassay of Insect Feeding Tokens

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 830-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Harris ◽  
A. I. Mohyuddin
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Vacuum Infiltration ◽  
Insect Feeding

AbstractThe acceptability of host plant extracts on pith, charred filter paper, and an agar diet, and vacuum infiltrated into lettuce leaves was compared on three species of Lepidoptera and two of Coleoptera. The vacuum infiltrated lettuce was eaten by two of the Lepidoptera and it was the only method acceptable to the Coleoptera. The agar diet was eaten by the three Lepidoptera while pith and charred filter paper were acceptable to only two of them. It is concluded that vacuum infiltration of lettuce leaves is a useful method for the bioassay of host plant extracts to determine if they contain insect feeding token substances.

scholarly journals A Characteristic Study on the Effect of Ginger and Nutmeg Extracts on Pseudomonas and E.coli biofilms

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 386-396
Author(s):  
Challaraj Emmanuel E S ◽  
Vinni Biji ◽  
Gayathri N. Krishna
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Food Preservatives ◽  
Biofilm Inhibition ◽  
Traditional Medicines

A number of phytochemicals or secondary metabolites were produced by herbs and spices. These were used as food preservatives and also as traditional medicines from long back. These were having various pharmacological benefits which included antioxidant, analgesic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic properties. In the present study two different plant species (Zingiber officinale, Myristica fragrans) were used for studying their antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity. The phytochemical analysis of the plant extracts was done by using standard methodology. FTIR analysis of the ginger and nutmeg extracts were carried out to study the functional groups present in the respective plant extracts. The extracts were also subjected to NMR spectroscopy. Two different bacteria were used for the studies which are good biofilm producers, Pseudomonas and E.coli. The antimicrobial activity of the methanolic and choloroform extracts of ginger and nutmeg were studied using air liquid interphase coverslip assay and biofilm assay. The results suggest that the ginger and nutmeg extracts have biofilm inhibition activity. The reduction in biofilm was observed in all the 3 concentrations of the nutmeg chloroform extract with maximum biofilm reduction in 100% and was compared with the control. Both Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, biofilm inhibition was observed in all 3 concentrations of ginger and nutmeg.

scholarly journals DELPHINIUM LEPTOCARPUM NEVSKI AND DELPHINIUM PARADOXSUN BGE AS POTENTIAL SOURCES FOR PEST CONTROL IN CEREALS AND LEGUMES

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (10(79)) ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
S. Turaeva ◽  
U. Kurbanov ◽  
E. Kurbanova ◽  
S. Allakulova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Insecticidal Toxicity

In the present study, the insecticidal activity of plant extracts from the aerial parts of Delphinium leptocarpum Nevski and Delphinium paradoxsun Bge against two major important legume insect pests, cowpea weevils (Callosobruchus maculates) and the rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae), was studied. According to the screening results, the insecticidal toxicity of the chloroform extract of plant D. leptocarpum N. showed LC50 value of 0,70 mg / mL for adult C. maculates, 0,81 mg / mL for S. oryzae, respectively. The toxicity of the alcoholic extract of D. paradoxsun B. is LC50 0,35 mg / mL for adult C. maculates, 0,39 mg/ mL for S. oryzae, respectively. Exposure to the chloroform extract of D. leptocarpum N. at concentration of 5-10 mg / mL for 24 hours resulted in 83.0100% mortality. After 48 h exposure, the pest mortality was 100%. Under the influence of an alcoholic extract of D. paradoxsun B. at dose of 5-10 mg /mL, the mortality of pests reached 99-100%. The probable use of extracts of D. leptocarpum N. and D. paradoxsun B.as bioinsecticides is discussed here.

Evaluation of Bacterial Infections on Caudal Fin Regeneration in Zebrafish and Effect of Restorative Plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakthivel Selvakumar ◽  
Gurusamy Annadurai
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Zebra Fish ◽  
Caudal Fin

In this present work to exploring how the recovery limit in the time of the caudal balance recovery of ordinary and bacterial disease (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Flexibacter columnaris and Aeromonas hydrophila) in zebra fish and relative examination of focusing on tainting microorganisms by the the plants (Azadirachta indica, Moringa oleifera and Cynodon dactylon) extracts and antimicrobials. Intraperitoneal infusion and water dissolving strategy were utilizing for bacterial disease in zebrafish followed by standard protocol. Four distinctive plant extracts utilizing for biocidal movement. In the intraperitoneal injection method, the fish was not live. Typical caudal fin recovery begins gradually at a time augments and accomplishes, it is a full recovery in twelfth days. A. hydrophila and P. aeruginosa those microorganisms were making contaminating to zebrafish and it doesn't have noteworthy recovery prepare in water dissolve method. However, F. columnaris is not contaminated the zebrafish and it discovered ordinary recovery process were watched. The plant extracts of A. indica accepted more opportunity to solution the fish malady, even chloramphenicol cured (ten days) the illness in brief period and the caudal fin recovery handle recaptured. In comparing to chloroform extract of A. indica showed maximum activity in order to F. columnaris (6±0.3 mm), A. hydrophila (5±0.25 mm), A. hydrophila and P. aeruginosa (4±0.2 mm). Presence of the bacteria in the infected cells might lead to the inhibition of regeneration in the amputated region and chloroform extract of Azadirachta indica could be utilized for the advancement of new sorts of antibacterial specialists and may hence be utilized as remedial in caudal fin recovery of zebra fish.

Impact of the Chloroform Extract of Carica papaya Seed on Oestrous Cycle and Fertility in Female Albino Rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Raji ◽  
A.O. Morakinyo . ◽  
A.K. Oloyo . ◽  
O.S. Akinsomisoye . ◽  
Olufadekemi . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Carica Papaya Seed ◽  
Papaya Seed

Potency of selected herbs on inhibition of ammonia producing bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-263
Author(s):  
B. R. O. Omidiwura ◽  
A. F. Agboola ◽  
A. O. Adekambi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata

In effort to combat environmental pollution, improve animal production and avoid drug residue, producers have resorted to the use of phytobiotics to inhibit ammonia producing microbes in the gut. Freshly harvested Azadirachta indica, Carica papaya, Saccharum officinarum, Chromolaena odorata, Eucalyptus camadulensis and Mangifera indica leaves were air dried, blended and extracted using five concentrations of solvent (100% water, 70% water + 30% methanol, 50% water + 50% methanol, 30% water + 70% methanol and 100% methanol). The antibacterial activities of the extracts and antibiotics (doxycycline) as control, were tested according to standard procedures against both gram positive (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative (Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae) ammonia producing bacteria. In most cases, it was observed that the inhibitory effect of methanolic extracts of Azadirachta indica, Carica papaya, Saccharum officinarum, Chromolaena odorata, Eucalyptus camadulensis and Mangifera indica leaves were not significantly different from that of synthetic antibiotics, doxycycline, when tested against the test bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio cholera. However, leave extracts showed significantly better inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli than the antibiotic drug. It can be concluded, therefore, that the leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica, Carica papaya, Saccharum officinarum, Chromolaena odorata, Eucalyptus camadulensis and Mangifera indica can serve as alternative to synthetic drugs in animal production due to their effective actions against microbial organisms.

scholarly journals Thymol Production from Callus Culture of Nigella sativa L.

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabeel K. Al-Ani
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Callus Culture ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
First Report ◽  
Callus Production

Roots, hypocotyls and leaves of Nigella sativa L. were collected from the seedlings  raised on sterilized filter paper and cultured on MS supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-D (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 mg/l) and Kn (0.0, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 5.0). The best callus production was obtained from leaf explants with 1 mg/l 2,4-D and 1.5 mg/l Kn. The higher thymol concentrations were extracted after 75 days for the above callus; which was detected by HPLC using retention time. This is the first report in Iraq about extracting thymol from callus of Nigella sativa. Key words: Thymol produiction, Callus culture, Nigella sativa D. O.I. .3329/ptcb.v18i2.3649 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 18(2): 181-185, 2008 (December)

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