scholarly journals DELPHINIUM LEPTOCARPUM NEVSKI AND DELPHINIUM PARADOXSUN BGE AS POTENTIAL SOURCES FOR PEST CONTROL IN CEREALS AND LEGUMES

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (10(79)) ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
S. Turaeva ◽  
U. Kurbanov ◽  
E. Kurbanova ◽  
S. Allakulova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Insecticidal Toxicity

In the present study, the insecticidal activity of plant extracts from the aerial parts of Delphinium leptocarpum Nevski and Delphinium paradoxsun Bge against two major important legume insect pests, cowpea weevils (Callosobruchus maculates) and the rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae), was studied. According to the screening results, the insecticidal toxicity of the chloroform extract of plant D. leptocarpum N. showed LC50 value of 0,70 mg / mL for adult C. maculates, 0,81 mg / mL for S. oryzae, respectively. The toxicity of the alcoholic extract of D. paradoxsun B. is LC50 0,35 mg / mL for adult C. maculates, 0,39 mg/ mL for S. oryzae, respectively. Exposure to the chloroform extract of D. leptocarpum N. at concentration of 5-10 mg / mL for 24 hours resulted in 83.0100% mortality. After 48 h exposure, the pest mortality was 100%. Under the influence of an alcoholic extract of D. paradoxsun B. at dose of 5-10 mg /mL, the mortality of pests reached 99-100%. The probable use of extracts of D. leptocarpum N. and D. paradoxsun B.as bioinsecticides is discussed here.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Insecticidal Properties of Essential Oils of Piper septuplinervium and P. subtomentosum (Piperaceae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400901
Author(s):  
Mónica Constanza Ávila Murillo ◽  
Luis Enrique Cuca Suarez ◽  
Jairo Alonso Cerón Salamanca
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Main Component

Essential oils of Piper subtomentosum (leaves and inflorescences) and Piper septuplinervium (aerial parts) were analyzed by GC-MS; sixty-three compounds were determined, representing 92.0%, 86.9 %, and 91.8 % of the total relative oil composition of the leaves, inflorescences, and aerial parts, respectively. The most abundant component in the aerial parts and inflorescence oils was α-pinene (27.3%, 21.0%, respectively), and δ-cadinene was the main component of the leaf oil. Insecticidal activity of the essential oils were determined on the Spodoptera frugiperda second instar larvae; the essential oil from the aerial parts of P. septuplinervium was the most active against insect pests (LC50= 9.4 μL/L of air). Statistical analysis by direct Pearson correlation showed that the insecticidal activity of the essential oils was primarily due to camphene and α- and β-pinene. The effect of the oils on the insect life cycle was also evaluated, and in some cases, a delay in growth and inhibition of the oviposition in the females were observed.

scholarly journals Insecticidal Activity and Free Radical Scavenging Properties of Isolated Phytoconstituents from the Saudi Plant Nuxia oppositifolia (Hochst.)

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 914
Author(s):  
Shaza M. Al-Massarani ◽  
Ali A. El-Gamal ◽  
Adnan J. Al-Rehaily ◽  
Ebtesam S. Al-Sheddi ◽  
Mai M. Al-Oqail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Radical Scavenging Properties ◽  
Promising Source

Chromatographic purification of the alcoholic extract from the aerial parts of the Saudi plant Nuxia oppositifolia (Hochst.), Benth., resulted in five isolated phenolic compounds. Two flavones, hispidulin (1) and jaceosidin (2), and the phenylethanoid glycosides, verbascoside (3), isoverbascoside (4), and conandroside (5), were identified and their chemical structures were determined by spectroscopic analyses. The insecticidal activity of compounds 1 and 2, in addition to 11 compounds isolated in a previous research (6–16), was evaluated against the Yellow Fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti. Four compounds displayed adulticidal activity with LD50 values of 2–2.3 μg/mosquito. Free radical scavenging properties of the plant extracts and compounds (1–5) were evaluated by measuring the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate radical cation (ABTS•+) scavenging activity. All compounds exhibited notable activity, compared with the positive control, l-Ascorbic acid. This study suggests that N. oppositifolia could be a promising source of secondary metabolites, some with lethal adulticidal effect against Ae. aegypti.

scholarly journals Composition of the Essential Oil and Insecticidal Activity of Launaea taraxacifolia (Willd.) Amin ex C. Jeffrey Growing in Nigeria

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 914
Author(s):  
Moses S. Owolabi ◽  
Akintayo L. Ogundajo ◽  
Azeezat O. Alafia ◽  
Kafayat O. Ajelara ◽  
William N. Setzer
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Monoterpene Hydrocarbons ◽  
Sesquiterpene Hydrocarbons ◽  
Leaf Essential Oil

The rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) is a pest of stored grain products such as rice, wheat, and corn. Essential oils represent a green environmentally-friendly alternative to synthetic pesticides for controlling stored-product insect pests. Launaea taraxacifolia is a leafy vegetable plant found in several parts of Nigeria. The leaves are eaten either fresh as a salad or cooked as a sauce. The essential oil obtained from fresh leaves of L. taraxacifolia was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Twenty-nine compounds were identified, accounting for 100% of the oil composition. The major component classes were monoterpene hydrocarbons (78.1%), followed by oxygenated monoterpenoids (16.2%), sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (2.1%), oxygenated sesquiterpenoids (0.3%), and non-terpenoid derivatives (3.3%). The leaf essential oil was dominated by monoterpene hydrocarbons including limonene (48.8%), sabinene (18.8%), and (E)-β-ocimene (4.6%), along with the monoterpenoid aldehyde citronellal (11.0%). The contact insecticidal activity of L. taraxacifolia essential oil against Sitophilus oryzae was carried out; median lethal concentration (LC50) values of topical exposure of L. taraxacifolia essential oil were assessed over a 120-h period. The LC50 values ranged from 54.38 μL/mL (24 h) to 10.10 µL/mL (120 h). The insecticidal activity of the L. taraxacifolia essential oil can be attributed to major components limonene (48.8%), sabinene (18.8%), and citronellal (11.0%), as well as potential synergistic action of the essential oil components. This result showed L. taraxacifolia essential oil may be considered as a useful alternative to synthetic insecticides.

Metabolic Profile of and Antimicrobial Activity in the Aerial Part of Leonurus turkestanicus V.I. Krecz. et Kuprian. from Kazakhstan

2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 1700-1705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Sermukhamedova ◽  
Krzysztof Kamil Wojtanowski ◽  
Jarosław Widelski ◽  
Izabela Korona-Głowniak ◽  
Hosam O Elansary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Iridoid Glycosides ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Nitrogen Containing Compounds ◽  
First Time ◽  
Tof Ms

Abstract An HPLC quadrupole time-of-flight (Q-TOF) MS method was developed for the identification of secondary metabolites in Leonurus turkestanicus V.I. Krecz. et Kuprian. Ethanolic and chloroform extracts from the plant’s aerial parts were tested. A total of 16 compounds (iridoid glycosides, phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, and nitrogen-containing compounds, as well as diterpene acetate derivatives) were identified and tentatively characterized based on (or using) their retention times and UV and Q-TOF-MS data. Previously reported aucubin (1),6-deoxy-8-acetylharpagid(2), and stachydrine(13, 15)and homostachydrine isomers(14, 16)were identified, along with a lavandulifolioside isomer(3),verbascoside(4),rutin(5),3-O-kaempferol rutinoside (6), and an unknown diterpene acetate(8).Compounds3–6were detected for the first time in this plant. Additionally. antimicrobial activity was evaluated. No significant differences were found between ethanolic and chloroform extracts of L. turkestanicus; however, the alcoholic extract showed stronger antifungal activity [minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2.5–5 mg/mL], whereas the chloroform extract showed stronger activity against the tested spore-forming Bacillus species (MIC 1.25–2.5 mg/mL).

scholarly journals Evaluation of Insecticidal Activity of Plant Extracts against Three Insect Pests

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Ho Park ◽  
Kyung-Yul Ryu ◽  
Hyeong-Jin Jee ◽  
Byung-Mo Lee ◽  
Hyeon-Gwan Gho
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Insect Pests

scholarly journals Insecticidal Activity of Ageratum conyzoides (Asteraceae) Aqueous Extracts against the Grasshopper Zonocerus variegatus (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Dongmo Tonleu Ingrid ◽  
Seino Richard Akwanjoh ◽  
Manjeli Yacouba
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Zonocerus Variegatus ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Male Mortality ◽  
Percent Mortality

Ageratum conyzoides (Asteraceae) is an annual plant with insecticidal activity against some insect pests. The present study was designed to evaluate the insecticidal activity of aqueous extracts (infusion and maceration) of A. conyzoides against the pest grasshopper Zonocerus variegatus (Orthoptera, Pyrgomorphidae). Concentrations of 0, 10, 30, 100 & 300 µg/ml were prepared and administrated through injection to grasshoppers. Mortality rate was recorded for adult grasshoppers each day until the 9th day of treatment. Results revealed a significant increase (p < 0.05) of mortality rate with increasing concentrations of the two plant extracts. Plant extracts at 300 µg/ml induced 100.00 ± 0.00 percent mortality of adults Z. variegatus after 4 and 5 days for A. conyzoides infusion and maceration respectively. No mortality was registered after treatment with 0 & 10 µg/ml of the two plant extracts. Male mortality rate tended to be higher than that of female at the same concentration. Also, infusion tended to significantly increase (p < 0.05) mortality rate than maceration at the same concentration. Phytochemicals screening have shown that the presence of saponins, tannins, triterpenoids and alkaloids in the A. conyzoides aqueous extracts may be responsible for the insecticidal activity of this plant. These phytochemicals may therefore be exploited and serve as suitable alternatives to synthetic insecticides against the grasshopper Z. variegatus.

Therapeutic efficacy of some extracts of hot pepper fruits (Capsicum annuum) and Sumac seeds (Rhus coriaria) on the growth of some isolated dermatophytes species

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-62
Author(s):  
Sara Omran ◽  
Abdulghani Alsamarai ◽  
Firas Razzzaq
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Dermatology Clinic

Background: Fungal infections are one of the common skin diseases with difficulty in their treatment approach. The present efficient drugs for fungal infection are limited. Aim: To determine the therapeutic efficacy of plant extracts as alternative antifungal agents. Materials and methods: 100 clinical samples [68 from female and 32 from male] were collected during the period from March to July 2017 from subjects attending Dermatology Clinic in Salah Uldean General Hospital. Fungal infection was diagnosed with using KOH wet preparation. Fungal species identified by using conventional approach. The active ingredients existing in the plant extracts were detected and analyzed through qualitative and quantitative detection technique of chemical compounds using a high performance liquid chromatographic device (HPLC). Agar diffusion method was used to determine antifungal activity of plant extracts. Results: Direct microscopic examination showed that there were (75%) positive samples, while culture shows (67%) positive samples. The isolated dermatophytes belong to Epidermophyoton, Microsporum, and Trichophyton genus. The predominant dermatophytes were T. rubrum (25%) species. The highest frequency of infection was in the age group of 11-20 years. The sensitivity of the tested fungi to the aqueous and alcoholic plant extracts varies. Alcoholic extract of the hot pepper plant was more effective as antifungal than the aqueous extract of the same plant. However, aqueous hot pepper extracts was more effective against T. mentagrophyte than that of alcoholic extract. Additionally, alcoholic Sumac extract shows higher efficacy that aqueous extract. Conclusion: Hot pepper and Sumac extracts show antifungal activity against Microsporum canis, Trichophyton rubrum and T. mentagrophyte.

Phytochemical profile and insecticidal activity of Agave americana leaf extract towards Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
pp. 19468-19480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Mami Maazoun ◽  
Soumaya Haouel Hamdi ◽  
Feten Belhadj ◽  
Jouda Mediouni Ben Jemâa ◽  
Chokri Messaoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Agave Americana ◽  
Phytochemical Profile

scholarly journals Composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the extracts of Eryngium palmatum Pančić and Vis. (Apiaceae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Marčetić ◽  
Silvana Petrović ◽  
Marina Milenković ◽  
Marjan Niketić
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Volatile Fraction ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Antimicrobial And Antioxidant Activity

AbstractThe chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Eryngium palmatum, an endemic plant species from the Balkan Peninsula, were investigated. The flavonoids apigenin (9.5±0.3 mg g−1) and apigenin 7-O-glucoside (2.4±0.1 mg g−1) were determined in a methanol extract of aerial parts using HPLC analysis. The methanol extract of roots contained catechin (5.0±0.1 mg g−1), epicatechin (2.9±0.1 mg g−1), chlorogenic acid (1.6±0.0 mg g−1), gallic acid (0.9±0.0 mg g−1) and rosmarinic acid (0.9±0.2 mg g−1). GC-FID and GCMS analysis of a chloroform extract of aerial parts showed that the main volatile constituents were falcarinol, linoleic acid, hexadecanoic acid and methyl linoleate (comprising 32.6%; 24.4%; 19.9; 13.2% of the volatile fraction, respectively), while octanoic acid, tetradecanol and dodecanol dominated in the chloroform extract of the roots (34.9%; 25.8%; 22.2% of the volatile fraction, respectively). Investigation of antimicrobial activity by broth microdilution showed that the methanol and chloroform extracts of aerial parts and roots exerted a significant effect (MIC 3.5–15.6 μg mL−1) against tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The methanol extracts of aerial parts or roots exerted moderate ferric reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity.

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